Sentences with phrase «by cell fusion»

Polyploidy can arise by cell fusion, or alternatively, by endoreplication or endomitosis, two cell cycle alterations that lead to the replication of DNA without cell division.

Not exact matches

Indeed, the ability to clone animals, such as Dolly the sheep, by fusion of an adult cell to an enucleated oocyte demonstrates that the epigenetic programming responsible for maintaining an adult cell in a stable state can be erased by factors present in the cytoplasm of the oocyte.

Cell fusion technology is used to hybridize plants by removing cell walls from two cells of different species, usually those that would not normally breed under natural conditions, and then merging their conteCell fusion technology is used to hybridize plants by removing cell walls from two cells of different species, usually those that would not normally breed under natural conditions, and then merging their contecell walls from two cells of different species, usually those that would not normally breed under natural conditions, and then merging their contents.

Such methods include cell fusion, microencapsulation and macroencapsulation, and recombinant DNA technology (including gene deletion, gene doubling, introducing a foreign gene, and changing the positions of genes when achieved by recombinant DNA technology).»

and as far as Casey is concerned, this PIG is crying for one reason, because she finally has realized that she will never again slide down a pole at Fusions, but instead will spend the next 50 years in a 10 by 10 cell like the animal that she really is.

This microscopic image of fibroblast cells shows the induction of cell fusion by a newly described gene and its protein, called myomerger.

The researchers are building on their current findings, which they say establishes a system for reconstituting cell fusion in mammalian cells, a feat not yet achieved by biomedical science.

Researchers then tested cell cultures and mouse models by using a gene editing process called CRISPR - Cas9 to demonstrate how the presence or absence of myomaker and myomerger — both individually and in unison — affect cell fusion and muscle formation.

Chinnaiyan and colleagues then conducted studies using cancer cells and found that the different FGFR fusion proteins all seemed to drive cancer cell proliferation by activating FGFR signaling.

It took a few years to rule out possibilities that the compound might be inhibiting the binding or fusion processes by which such viruses enter cells.

Subsequent procedures included mammalian somatic cell nuclear transfer, cell fusion, induction of pluripotency by ectopic gene expression, and direct reprogramming.

Because muscles form through fusion of cells, the examples they found were all formed by fusion.

Published in the March 31 advance online issue of Cell, their findings reveal that circular RNAs — like their protein counterparts — are also affected by genomic rearrangements in cancer, resulting in abnormal fusions.

By viewing this fusion as another disease imposed onto tumor cells, scientists could devise new therapies against metastasis, the researchers say in the May Nature Reviews Cancer.

The test developed by Garcia for the current study used fluorescent in situ hybridization (FISH) to visualize BRAF and its fusion partner KIAA1549 inside cells, allowing researchers to see when these genes were fused together and when they were apart.

The human body contains trillions of cells, all derived from a single cell, or zygote, made by the fusion of an egg and a sperm.

However, by combining the capabilities of the Surface Forces Apparatus (SFA)-- a device that can measure the tiny forces generated by the interaction of two surfaces at the sub-nano scale — and simultaneous imaging using a fluorescence microscope, the researchers were able to see in real time how the cell membranes rearrange in order to connect and open a fusion conduit between them.

The scientists, Nicole King and Arielle Woznica of the University of California, Berkeley, with collaborators Jon Clardy and J.P. Gerdt at Harvard Medical School in Boston, discovered that within minutes after exposure to a chonodroitin sulfate (CS) lyase produced by V. fischeri, S. rosetta cells aggregate into mass mating swarms, entering into cell and nuclear fusion while duplicating and recombining their genetic material.

An abnormal gene created by the fusion of ETV6 and the RUNX1 gene is one of the most common alterations in childhood ALL and is found in the leukemic cells of 20 to 25 percent of pediatric ALL.

However, direct evidence that fusion of normal cells by itself could trigger cancer has not been reported.

Double fertilization of the female gametes triggers an unusual cell fusion, followed by specific cell disorganization that inactivates the cell responsible for attracting pollen tubes.

«Through examination of Arabidopsis ovules by highly sensitive live - imaging, we were able to see that successful fertilization of the two female gametes triggers an unprecedented cell fusion between the persistent synergid cell and the endosperm (SE fusion), which eventually leads to inactivation of the persistent synergid cell.»

Nagoya, Japan — Dr. Daisuke Maruyama and Professor Tetsuya Higashiyama at the Institute of Transformative Bio-Molecules (WPI - ITbM) of Nagoya University and the JST - ERATO Higashiyama Live - Holonics Project along with their international team have shown by live - cell imaging techniques that flowering plants, such as Arabidopsis thaliana undergo a cell to cell fusion to prevent the attraction of the second pollen tube after fertilization has occurred.

In a new study reported in Cell, an international group of plant biologists at ITbM, Nagoya University and other research institutes, have examined the ovules of plant cells by live - imaging to reveal a novel cell - elimination system based on an unusual cell fusCell, an international group of plant biologists at ITbM, Nagoya University and other research institutes, have examined the ovules of plant cells by live - imaging to reveal a novel cell - elimination system based on an unusual cell fuscell - elimination system based on an unusual cell fuscell fusion.

Thus, the persistent synergid cell completely loses its pollen tube attracting function by synergetic SE fusion and ethylene signaling.

The new finding brings a measure of closure to a story that first rocked the science world in February 2004, when Hwang and colleagues at Seoul National University announced they had cloned a female donor's cell by transferring its nucleus into one of her egg cells stripped of its nucleus in a procedure known as somatic cell nuclear transfer (SCNT), and harvested embryonic stem cells from the resulting fusion.

To see what might go wrong with the telomeres of cloned animals between cell fusion and maturity, a team led by Lenhard Rudolph of the Hannover School of Medicine and Heiner Niemann of the Institute for Animal Science at Mariensee, Germany, tracked the length of telomeres during development.

This pair of «ribbon diagram» images compares the three - dimensional structures of two closely related proteins, determined by X-ray crystallography: (L) the HAP2 protein from the single - celled alga Chlamydomonas reinhardtii and (R) the fusion protein from dengue virus.

Scientists have discovered a new «mastermind fusion gene» may be associated with a rare cancer - causing tumor — pheochromocytomas («pheo») and paragangliomas, according to a study published Feb. 13 in Cancer Cell, by researchers at the Uniformed Services University (USU) and the National Cancer Institutes» The Cancer Genome Atlas.

C. albicans is known to undergo a parasexual cycle involving heterothallic fusion of α and a mating type cells followed by stochastic, concerted loss of chromosomes [44].

In an important experiment published one year later, Jim Rothman, a Lasker Prize winner in 2002 honored for his work on fusion in non-neuronal cells, provided the experimental support for Scheller's idea by demonstrating that Scheller's VAMP, or as Rothman called it the v - SNARE, interacted with Scheller's syntaxin or t - SNARE, together with a second t - SNARE, to initiate fusion.

«These new findings demonstrate that by inhibiting Pin1, you can degrade this fusion oncogene, thereby stopping cancer stem cells from replicating.

Figure 1: FGFR - TACC fusion protein disrupts cellular division (mitosis) by localizing aberrantly at the mid-body of dividing cells.

Insulin - like growth factor - I prevents the accumulation of autophagic vesicles and cell death in Purkinje neurons by increasing the rate of autophagosome - to - lysosome fusion and degradation.

Differentiation, cell fusion, and nuclear fusion during ex vivo repair of epithelium by human adult stem cells from bone marrow stroma.

By engineering an artificial protein that targets the product of such potentially cancer - causing gene fusions, Hur hopes to trigger immune defense mechanisms that kill rogue cells harboring the fusions.

For example, by engineering PA - GFP tagged to a mitochondrial matrix protein (mito - PAGFP) the Youle Lab was able to visualize and quantify the fusion dynamics of mitochondria in healthy and apoptotic cells (9).

By combining pieces of different genes, fusion genes can lead to production of abnormal proteins that disrupt cell function.

The core will provide assistance with project design, testing of BioID - fusion proteins, establishment and testing of cells expressing BioID - fusion proteins, large scale BioID pull - downs, arranging for candidate identification by mass spectrometry and data analysis.

By transplanting Wnt - activated hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells (HSPCs) we demonstrated that Muller cells can be reprogrammed in vivo after fusion with HSPCs.

In 1993, while at the Sloan - Kettering Cancer Center in New York, Rothman performed the key experiment that has forever linked his work to that of Thomas Südhof and Richard Scheller, by demonstrating that the same molecules that control this process in the nervous system, in the release of signaling molecules called neurotransmitters, are important to vesicle transport and fusion in all cell types.

Also, genes that code for receptor tyrosine kinases, a family of receptors on the surface of cells, may rearrange to form multiple distinct gene fusion partners, as evidenced in an article by Kulkarni, et al, on a translational study involving a patient who developed a BRAF fusion following treatment with a BRAF inhibitor1.

Somatic cells can be reprogrammed either by nuclear transfer into oocytes or by fusion with embryonic stem (ES) cells.

There are numerous, diverse mechanisms that allow a low frequency of gene movement between species, such as accidental fusion of cells between different species, or the injection of DNA by bacteria into plant cells.

All proteins were expressed in HEK293E cells as soluble fusion proteins that contained a C - terminal rat Cd4 (d3 + 4)- hexahistidine tag for purification and could be optionally monobiotinylated by cotransfecting a secreted version of the E. coli BirA enzyme [33].