Sentences with phrase «by cell metabolism»

Waste excretion: Filtering out toxins, excess salts, and urea, a nitrogen - based waste created by cell metabolism.

Free radicals are natural by - products produced by cell metabolism and are overproduced when dogs are sick, older, exposed to toxins, or have a poor nutrition.

Jonathan Schertzer, assistant professor of biochemistry and biomedical sciences and senior author of a paper published by Cell Metabolism, explains it this way: «We know that gut bacteria, often called the microbiome, send inflammation signals that change how well insulin works to lower blood glucose.

Not exact matches

Adiponectin is a protein hormone produced by our fat cells, and it serves as an important modifier of insulin metabolism.

Cell Metabolism: Activation of TRPV1 by Dietary Capsaicin Improves Endothelium - Dependent Vasorelaxation and Prevents Hypertension

Carcinogens may cause cancer by altering cellular metabolism or damaging DNA directly in cells, which interferes with normal biological processes.

Other genes activated by the guide RNA encode mitochondrial proteins that help cells regulate their energy metabolism, and trafficking proteins that are involved in packaging and transporting other proteins.

Yang said the study not only indicated which genes are affected by traumatic brain injury and linked to serious disease, but also might point to the genes that govern metabolism, cell communication and inflammation — which might make them the best targets for new treatments for brain disorders.

With the tumor in this vulnerable state, the researchers strike again by shutting down the cell's ability to mitigate the toxic stew it creates from its own deranged metabolism.

It appears to work by adjusting the body's metabolism, allowing muscles to favor burning fat over sugar, researchers report in the May 2 Cell Mmetabolism, allowing muscles to favor burning fat over sugar, researchers report in the May 2 Cell MetabolismMetabolism.

Metabolism is the inner workings of cells, and the many mechanisms and chemical reactions that maintain the cell and allow it to survive and reproduce by division.

Both organelles are surrounded by a double celled composite membrane with an intermembrane space; both have their own DNA and are involved in energy metabolism; and both have reticulations, or many infoldings, filling their inner spaces.

Because of their importance in cells, fatty acids» functions and metabolism, or breakdown have been widely studied by biologists, but the standard techniques makes it difficult to visualize precisely where these molecules are located within the cells.

These techniques include: human tissue created by reprogramming cells from people with the relevant disease (dubbed «patient in a dish»); «body on a chip» devices, where human tissue samples on a silicon chip are linked by a circulating blood substitute; many computer modelling approaches, such as virtual organs, virtual patients and virtual clinical trials; and microdosing studies, where tiny doses of drugs given to volunteers allow scientists to study their metabolism in humans, safely and with unsurpassed accuracy.

Cancer cells had essentially figured out how to survive by rewiring their metabolism in response to chemotherapy.

This year her team discovered that sleep deprivation impedes the metabolism of glucose, the sugar that powers the body, in fat cells by a startling 30 percent.

But a study published by Cell Press March 3rd in Cell Metabolism reveals that dietary salt could have a biological advantage: defending the body against invading microbes.

They began by characterizing the cell composition, protein expression, metabolism, and electrical activity of neurons from each region in vitro.

A team led by professor Massimiliano Mazzone has demonstrated that the metabolism of macrophages, a particular type of white blood cell, can be attuned to prevent the spread of cancer.

When activated by inflammatory markers in the gut, it sends a signal to the brain, where immune cells produce proteins such as IL - 6, leading to increased metabolism (and hence decreased levels) of the «happiness hormone» serotonin in the brain.

This work, conducted by Yuliang Wang, now a senior research associate at Oregon Health & Science University, uncovered intriguing differences involving genes that affect the cells» metabolism.

Aware that cancers rewire their metabolism in ways that could change the epigenome and that distant metastases in pancreatic cancer naturally spread to organs fed by a sugar - rich blood supply, the researchers wondered if the tumor cells had altered the way they use the basic form of sugar, glucose.

Some scientists think that aging is caused by a nasty byproduct of metabolism that beats up the components of cells, much like combustion wears down engines.

Made by bone cells, the FGF23 hormone travels via the bloodstream to cells in all organs, where it regulates many aspects of mineral metabolism.

In a study appearing February 18 in Cell Metabolism, researchers link this difference to an epigenetic change in the stressed dad's sperm — a change that they could prevent by blocking the father's stress hormones.

The study published in Cell Metabolism reports a mechanism by which two types of brain cells, neurons and glia, normally support each other's functions.

The study was led by MSc Joni Nikkanen in the research group of Professor Anu Suomalainen - Wartiovaara, University of Helsinki, and the results were published in a distinguished science journal, Cell Metabolism.

Secreted by certain brain cells, APOE is known to regulate cholesterol metabolism within the brain and can bind to A-beta peptides, suggesting that the different forms of the protein may affect whether and how toxic A-beta plaques form.

THE STUDY «Endocrine Regulation of Energy Metabolism by the Skeleton» by Na Kyung Lee et al., published in Cell, August 10, 2007.

His major research interests are the cell death mode induced by photodynamic tumor therapy and understanding cellular energy metabolism during active cell demise.

«Oxygen by - products produced during normal metabolism can cause oxidative damage to biomolecules in cells, such as DNA and RNA,» explains Jian - Ping Cai, a researcher involved in the study.

Researchers at the University of Michigan have identified how a promising drug in clinical trials for the treatment of obesity and related metabolic disorders improves the metabolism of sugar by generating a new signal between fat cells and the liver.

They further established that the protein produced by the BRCA 1 gene binds with a protein known to play an important role in the metabolism of fat in muscle cells known as Acetyl - CoA carboxylase or ACC.

The compound increases bone mass by protecting and increasing the activity of bone cells in various stages of normal bone mantanence, utilizing mechanisms that overlap those that regulate whole - body energy metabolism.

«Boosting serotonin signaling has been seen as a viable strategy for weight loss in people, but our results hint that boosting serotonin plus adrenaline should produce more potent effects — and there is already some evidence that that's the case,» said TSRI Assistant Professor Supriya Srinivasan, who was principal investigator for the study, published online before print on October 10, 2013 by the journal Cell Metabolism.

«We found that these slow - growing, drug - resistant cells are marked by a high rate of metabolism, which makes them susceptible to diabetes therapeutics.»

Thus, by restraining metabolism in specific ways, GSK3 prevents ROS - induced cell death.

From a theory dating back to the early 20th century by Nobel Prize laureate Otto Warburg, it has been believed that, in order to support their growth, cancer cells needed to increase their glucose consumption, without using mitochondrial metabolism.

This name can cause problems; in biology the word «respiration» can mean cellular respiration or metabolism (ATP generation inside cells), however sometimes (such as here) it can also refer to breathing (which is how the word is most often used by non-biologists).

«I would like to point out, however — concludes Alimonti — that our discovery does not imply that cancer patients must undergo a strict dietary regime, which might in fact hurt them: a reduction of fat in cancer cells can only be obtained by blocking the cancer cells metabolism through specific drugs.»

Researchers in Brazil have found that mouse skin responds to caloric restriction by stimulating fur growth, increasing blood flow, and altering cell metabolism to increase energy efficiency.

Sphingomyelinases like nSMase2 play a normal role in the cell's metabolism by breaking down fatty molecules into smaller components that cells use for every day functions.

Scientists, led by Ottar Rolfssonat the University of Iceland, have built a mathematical model to examine the metabolism of breast epithelium — as the majority of breast cancers originate from these cells.

Researchers have built a model to investigate the metastasis of cancer by examining the metabolism of breast epithelial cells and look at the role of signaling.

«Exercise - induced irisin may not only act as an endocrine factor capable of promoting the browning of white adipose tissue, but could also regulate bone metabolism by autocrine mechanisms,» said Chen, who also serves as faculty in the Cell, Molecular & Developmental Biology program at the Sackler School of Graduate Biomedical Sciences at Tufts.

Here, we exploited microfluidics to control the metabolism of liver cells down to a resolution of a few cells, allowing us to create liver tissue that shows the same patterns of toxicity caused by differences in drug metabolism as the liver in your body.»

In Cell Metabolism on August 13, the Harvard scientists who discovered irisin address this contentious issue by showing that human irisin circulates in the blood at nanogram levels and increases during exercise.

By performing DNA sequencing of more than 4,000 families affected by neurological problems, the two research teams independently discovered that a disease marked by reduced brain size and sensory and motor defects is caused by a mutation in a gene called CLP1, which is known to regulate tRNA metabolism in cellBy performing DNA sequencing of more than 4,000 families affected by neurological problems, the two research teams independently discovered that a disease marked by reduced brain size and sensory and motor defects is caused by a mutation in a gene called CLP1, which is known to regulate tRNA metabolism in cellby neurological problems, the two research teams independently discovered that a disease marked by reduced brain size and sensory and motor defects is caused by a mutation in a gene called CLP1, which is known to regulate tRNA metabolism in cellby reduced brain size and sensory and motor defects is caused by a mutation in a gene called CLP1, which is known to regulate tRNA metabolism in cellby a mutation in a gene called CLP1, which is known to regulate tRNA metabolism in cells.

Specifically, under stress, caused by uncontrolled ingestion of fats for example, the endoplasmic reticulum — a cell organelle associated with protein synthesis and folding and lipid metabolism — stops its activity in order to re-establish cell equilibrium.

Oxidative stress reflects an imbalance between the reactive oxygen that is generated by normal cell metabolism and the cell's ability to handle toxic byproducts from that metabolism.