Sentences with phrase «by cellular protein»

Certain types of misfolded proteins defy eradication by the cellular protein degradation machinery and accumulate with age, causing cellular toxicity.

Enabled by the chemistry provided by Nate Jui in the Buchwald lab at MIT, Tardiff found that the compound was working by restoring functions mediated by a cellular protein critical for trafficking that was previously thought to be «undruggable.»

Once inside cells, they are taken up by cellular protein - making machinery and induce the production, over weeks, of the viral proteins they encode.

Not exact matches

Degenerative brain diseases like mad cow disease (officially known as bovine spongiform encephalopathy, or BSE), scrapie in sheep, and vCJD in humans are thought to be caused by prions, misfolded versions of a normal cellular protein called PrPC.

Proteasomes also keep cellular trash under control by breaking up misfolded proteins.

Similarly, neither cellular nor viral individual genes or proteins are by themselves alive.

The affected mitochondria could no longer provide the synapses with enough energy, which ultimately prevented the synapses from functioning — providing the first direct link between cellular injury caused by amyloid protein and the characteristic breakdown of neuronal communication that occurs in Alzheimer's patients.

The p53 protein helps keep cancer in check by ordering a cellular mop - up in response to DNA damage.

So - called functional RNA is important for almost all cells and cellular processes, for example, by binding proteins or performing catalytic processes.

«We are trying to understand the causes of aging by linking the mechanisms that control the oxidation of proteins at the cellular level with the mechanisms that determine the lifespan of the whole organism,» Apfeld says.

Purdue University physicists are part of an international group using spinach to study the proteins involved in photosynthesis, the process by which plants convert the sun's energy into carbohydrates used to power cellular processes.

Using the same computer - based approach, the team has now been able to target the c - FLIP (cellular FLICE [FADD - like IL - 1β - converting enzyme]- inhibitory) protein, known to play a key role in cancer stem cell maintenance and survival, described in previously published work by the Institute.

The Loyola study is titled, «Endocytic vesicle rupture is a conserved mechanism of cellular invasion by amyloid proteins.»

After more than six years of research, the research team led by María Soengas, head of CNIO's Melanoma Group, showed that RAB7 acts as an orchestra director, determining the fate of melanoma cells: at high concentrations of RAB7, cellular autodigestion is very active, and this allows tumor cells to obtain energy, prevent the accumulation of toxic components and thus divide and proliferate; when RAB7 is reduced, cells use endosomes to recycle metastatic proteins, favouring their dispersal throughout the body.

Like removing unnecessary lighting from a financially strapped household to save on electricity bills, the drug — called rapamycin — prolongs the survival of diseased neurons by forcing them to reduce protein production to conserve cellular energy.

What's more, only a very small percentage (6 %) of proteins encoded by Pandoravirus salinus are similar to those already identified in other viruses or cellular organisms.

Its cellular machinery will execute the program by producing the same protein as the native organism, taking on new qualities, just as in recombinant techniques.

In the second, they worked out the conditions required to allow their synthetic helix to be appended to natural proteins during synthesis by cellular ribosomes.

Proteins called kinesins, for example, are natural nanomotors that support cellular functions such as mitosis (the chromosomal process that creates two nuclei from one parent nucleus) and meiosis (when the number of chromosomes per cell is reduced by one half).

As a result, scaffold proteins have been exploited by evolution, pathogens, and cellular engineers to reshape cellular behavior.

Gene activity can't be efficiently measured directly, but can be inferred by monitoring RNA, the molecules that carry information from the genes for producing proteins and other cellular activities.

Pancreas tissue from acutely sleep - deprived aged animals exhibited a marked increase in CHOP, a protein associated with cell death, suggesting a maladaptive response to cellular stress with age that was amplified by sleep deprivation.

The transition to compartmentalization and a eukaryotic cellular organization was facilitated by: (i) the ability to lipidate GTPases; (ii) the coupling of SNARE and longin domains; and (iii) the acquisition of dynamins and CopII - like coatamer proteins.

She and her team created it by dissolving all the cellular material in a rat heart, leaving behind only the extracellular matrix, a heart - shaped protein scaffolding.

Ceramide produced by CerS4 binds to Smad7, a cellular protein that can bind the TGF - beta receptor.

New work led by Carnegie's David Ehrhardt hones in on how one particular organizational protein influences cytoskeletal and cellular structure in plants, findings that may also have implications for cytoskeletal organization in animals.

They found that by attaching to a mitochondrial protein called TOM20, alpha - synuclein prevented the mitochondria from functioning optimally, which resulted in the production of less energy and more damaging cellular waste.

The research team has been using NMR — a technique related to the one used in MRI body scanners and capable of visualising molecules at the smallest scales — to examine how small components of herpes virus help it to multiply by binding themselves with other large molecules; this produced images of a monkey herpes virus protein interacting with mouse cellular protein and viral RNA.

This includes antimicrobial peptides and natural proteins that destroy pathogenic bacteria by disrupting their cellular membrane.

In the new study, expanding upon what scientists previously understood about intrinsic immunity, the researchers found that cells can subsequently respond to latent HCMV by employing other cellular proteins called lysine demethylases to reactivate the virus.

The team knew from previous experiments that ISRIB prevents the cellular stress response by stabilizing a protein called eIF2B, which typically helps turn on protein production.

Now scientists have a clearer view of how ISRIB works — by pinning together parts of a protein involved in cellular stress.

Previous studies in the lab showed that once HCMV is inside the cell, it quickly becomes latent by entering the cell's nucleus and co-opting a cellular protein called Daxx — part of the intrinsic immune system — to shut down its own replication, the process of reproducing its genetic material to make more copies of itself.

Early - stage data suggests the investigative LAMP - Vax technology works by fusing tumor antigens to a cellular protein known as LAMP (Lysosomal - Associated Membrane Prprotein known as LAMP (Lysosomal - Associated Membrane ProteinProtein).

Some of these molecules are a complex of proteins called the Polycomb Repressive Complex 2 (PRC2) that is involved in «silencing» genes so that they are not «read» by the cellular machinery that decodes genetic information, effectively keeping the genetic information in the «off» state.

AlteRNAtively, they could increase the risk of cancer by changing the way in which cells transmit genetic instructions from DNA to cellular proteins.

At the cellular level, the clock is controlled by a complex network of genes and proteins that switch each other on and off based on cues from their environment.

Dehio's team now first discovered such toxins among FIC proteins that can be found in all domains of life and demonstrated that they act by altering cellular DNA.

Newly synthesized adenoviral DNA labeled by click chemistry is depicted in red, a viral DNA - binding protein in green, and the cellular DNA in blue.

By remaking cellular PrP in its image, the prion replicates itself, and because the prion form of the protein is insoluble, it forms deposits that kill the cells.

In this technique, scientists attach fluorescent tags to cellular proteins and, by shining a laser on the cells, cause them to light up.

Crucially, the process largely maintains the relative orientation and interconnection of proteins and keeps other cellular structures intact: it distorts the relative position of proteins by 1 — 4 %, Boyden's team calculated.

They've learned how the super-strong and mega-long protein threads secreted by the eel - like animals are organized at the cellular level.

Dengue virus and Zika virus are both positive - strand RNA flaviviruses, which means that once a virus particle infects a cell, its RNA genome can be immediately translated by cellular machinery into viral proteins to make new virus particles and spread the infection.

During the early years of my PhD studies, I was very fascinated by the exciting discoveries in the field of signal transduction, in particular how receptor tyrosine kinases are activated to transmit their signals and how protein complexes are formed through defined protein folds (domains) interacting with specific cellular targets.

By fiddling with the cellular postal codes that direct proteins to the appropriate destination, they inserted a more efficient mannosidase and engineered a yeast strain with glycoproteins containing far fewer mannose groups, they reported earlier this year.

Wolfram syndrome is caused by a mutation in the gene encoding a protein called wolframin, which resides in the membrane of the endoplasmic reticulum — another cellular compartment that functions as a manufacturing and packaging system and also acts as a reservoir for calcium ions.

The bug manufactures an amino acid not made by any other living thing and uses it to construct its proteins, the molecules that carry out the lion's share of cellular chemistry.

The ability of PARP1 to control cellular processes is regulated by nucleosomes — the basic unit of DNA packaging, consisting of a segment of DNA wound in sequence around eight histone protein cores, similar to a thread wrapped around a spool.

«The parasite achieves this by sending proteins into the host cell that manipulate the host's own cellular pathways, enabling it to grow and reproduce.»