Sentences with phrase «by changes in sea surface temperature»

Ho added that the enhanced intensification of tropical cyclones over East Asian coastal seas caused by changes in sea surface temperature and wind flows mean that «an individual tropical cyclone could strike East Asia, including the Philippines, with a record - breaking power, for example Haiyan, even though landfall intensity in south - east Asia has not notably changed on average in recent years because of the shifted genesis location; note that Haiyan formed over the eastern Philippine Sea far from land.»

Scientists think this reversal in strength was driven by changes in sea surface temperature and upper - ocean ventilation.

Scientists think this reversal in strength was driven by changes in sea surface temperature and upper - ocean ventilation.

Not exact matches

Beyond human activity, tropical sea surface temperatures further back in time are affected by volcanic eruptions, changes in the intensity of sunlight and natural events like El Niño.

But the ice core - derived climate records from the Andes are also impacted from the west — specifically by El Niño, a temporary change in climate, which is driven by sea surface temperatures in the tropical Pacific.

The underlying pattern in this year's fire forecast is driven by the fact that the western Amazon is more heavily influence by sea surface temperatures in the tropical Atlantic, and the eastern Amazon's fire severity risk correlates to sea surface temperature changes in the tropical Pacific Ocean.

Here, we report on local and global changes in MHW characteristics over time as recorded by satellite and in situ measurements of sea surface temperature (SST) and defined using a quantitative MHW framework, which allows for comparisons across regions and events1.

Long - term (decadal and multi-decadal) variation in total annual streamflow is largely influenced by quasi-cyclic changes in sea - surface temperatures and resulting climate conditions; the influence of climate warming on these patterns is uncertain.

By plotting the anomaly temperatures, scientists can obtain a precise idea of the intensity of change in sea - surface temperatures.

They wrote that their comparisons of sea - level pressures, sea - surface temperatures and land - based air temperatures provided «consistent evidence for strong» regulation of temperatures by changes in ocean cycles «from monthly to century time scales.»

For significant periods of time, the reconstructed large - scale changes in the North Pacific SLP field described here and by construction the long - term decline in Hawaiian winter rainfall are broadly consistent with long - term changes in tropical Pacific sea surface temperature (SST) based on ENSO reconstructions documented in several other studies, particularly over the last two centuries.

Thousands of studies conducted by researchers around the world have documented changes in surface, atmospheric, and oceanic temperatures; melting glaciers; diminishing snow cover; shrinking sea ice; rising sea levels; ocean acidification; and increasing atmospheric water vapor.

Sea surface temperature change after doubling of atmospheric CO2 concentration in a scenario where CO2 increases by 1 % every year.

In contrast to historical droughts, future drying is not linked to any particular pattern of change in sea surface temperature but seems to be the result of an overall surface warming driven by rising greenhouse gaseIn contrast to historical droughts, future drying is not linked to any particular pattern of change in sea surface temperature but seems to be the result of an overall surface warming driven by rising greenhouse gasein sea surface temperature but seems to be the result of an overall surface warming driven by rising greenhouse gases.

Threats to the auklet include introduced carnivores (particularly in Alaska), oil spills, and changes in sea surface temperature (caused by El Niño events).

And of course the new paper by Hausfather et al, that made quite a bit of news recently, documents how meticulously scientists work to eliminate bias in sea surface temperature data, in this case arising from a changing proportion of ship versus buoy observations.

Re 9 wili — I know of a paper suggesting, as I recall, that enhanced «backradiation» (downward radiation reaching the surface emitted by the air / clouds) contributed more to Arctic amplification specifically in the cold part of the year (just to be clear, backradiation should generally increase with any warming (aside from greenhouse feedbacks) and more so with a warming due to an increase in the greenhouse effect (including feedbacks like water vapor and, if positive, clouds, though regional changes in water vapor and clouds can go against the global trend); otherwise it was always my understanding that the albedo feedback was key (while sea ice decreases so far have been more a summer phenomenon (when it would be warmer to begin with), the heat capacity of the sea prevents much temperature response, but there is a greater build up of heat from the albedo feedback, and this is released in the cold part of the year when ice forms later or would have formed or would have been thicker; the seasonal effect of reduced winter snow cover decreasing at those latitudes which still recieve sunlight in the winter would not be so delayed).

In a study published in the journal Nature the researchers say analysis of sea surface temperature data shows that the AMOC has slowed down by roughly 15 % since the middle of the 20th century, with human - made climate change a prime suspecIn a study published in the journal Nature the researchers say analysis of sea surface temperature data shows that the AMOC has slowed down by roughly 15 % since the middle of the 20th century, with human - made climate change a prime suspecin the journal Nature the researchers say analysis of sea surface temperature data shows that the AMOC has slowed down by roughly 15 % since the middle of the 20th century, with human - made climate change a prime suspect.

In 2014 climate scientists published a peer - reviewed paper (Johnstone 2014) suggesting that climate change along the coast of North America could be best explained by natural cycles of Pacific Decadal Oscillation (PDO) due to its affects on sea surface temperatures in the eastern PacifiIn 2014 climate scientists published a peer - reviewed paper (Johnstone 2014) suggesting that climate change along the coast of North America could be best explained by natural cycles of Pacific Decadal Oscillation (PDO) due to its affects on sea surface temperatures in the eastern Pacifiin the eastern Pacific.

They describe abnormally warm or cool sea surface temperatures in the South Pacific that are caused by changing ocean currents.

For the ENSO indicators that use an updating baseline by which to compute sea surface temperature anomalies, it would be tough to see changes one way or the other (at least in the indicator).

The rains, at least meteorologically speaking, were not unexpected; the combination of slow - moving, low - pressure tropical air mass fed by high sea surface temperatures, and record humidity — in addition to the unpredictability of climate change — make catastrophic floods more likely.

Here we show that accounting for recent cooling in the eastern equatorial Pacific reconciles climate simulations and observations.We present a novel method of uncovering mechanisms for global temperature change by prescribing, in addition to radiative forcing, the observed history of sea surface temperature over the central to eastern tropical Pacific in a climate model.

This extended drought is linked with the changes in the sea surface temperature of the Pacific Ocean, according to a study led by University of California Los Angeles (UCLA) professor Glen MacDonald.

The changes in sea - surface temperatures are consistent with the impact of the annular modes on the surface fluxes of latent and sensible heat, and also on the flux of heat by the anomalous Ekman flow.

There has been an overall warming of surface waters (in the Bellingshausen and Scotia seas) by ∼ 1 °C in the last 50 years, but so far there is no evidence of any biologically meaningful temperature change in waters below about 100 m deep.

Changes in sea - surface temperatures (SSTs) also have an effect by bringing about associated changes in atmospheric circulation and precipiChanges in sea - surface temperatures (SSTs) also have an effect by bringing about associated changes in atmospheric circulation and precipichanges in atmospheric circulation and precipitation.

«The authors write that «the notorious tropical bias problem in climate simulations of global coupled general circulation models manifests itself particularly strongly in the tropical Atlantic,»... they state that «the climate bias problem is still so severe that one of the most basic features of the equatorial Atlantic Ocean — the eastward shoaling thermocline — can not be reproduced by most of the IPCC assessment report models,... as they describe it, «show that the bias in the eastern equatorial Atlantic has a major effect on sea - surface temperature (SST) response to a rapid change in the Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation (AMOC).»

They wrote that their comparisons of sea - level pressures, sea - surface temperatures and land - based air temperatures provided «consistent evidence for strong» regulation of temperatures by changes in ocean cycles «from monthly to century time scales.»

Importantly, the changes in cereal yield projected for the 2020s and 2080s are driven by GHG - induced climate change and likely do not fully capture interannual precipitation variability which can result in large yield reductions during dry periods, as the IPCC (Christensen et al., 2007) states: ``... there is less confidence in the ability of the AOGCMs (atmosphere - ocean general circulation models) to generate interannual variability in the SSTs (sea surface temperatures) of the type known to affect African rainfall, as evidenced by the fact that very few AOGCMs produce droughts comparable in magnitude to the Sahel droughts of the 1970s and 1980s.»

2) If minor changes in the air attempt to make the air temperature alone diverge from that equilibrium then the weather systems change to modify the energy flow and in due course restore the surface air temperature to match the sea surface temperature set by the oceans.

The air responds to a change in it's own resistor efficiency by changing it's own circulation patterns to again meet the requirement that the surface air temperature and the sea surface temperature be the same on average globally.

Concerning decadal changing trends of CO2 content in atmosphere I have expressed that they are caused by changing temperatures of sea surface water on the seasurface areas where seasurface CO2 sinks are.

This basin - wide change in the Atlantic climate (both warming and cooling) induces a basin - scale sea surface temperature seesaw with the Pacific Ocean, which in turn modifies the position of the Walker circulation (the language by which the tropical basins communicate) and the strength of the Pacific trade winds.

The large interannual to decadal hydroclimatic variability in winter precipitation is highly influenced by sea surface temperature (SST) anomalies in the tropical Pacific Ocean and associated changes in large - scale atmospheric circulation patterns [16].

In his House of Commons presentation, toward the end, he gives a sketch of an alternative derivation of the «Climate Sensitivity» based on observed rates of evaporation increase per change in sea surface temperature, and this based on data from the 2007 paper by Wentz eIn his House of Commons presentation, toward the end, he gives a sketch of an alternative derivation of the «Climate Sensitivity» based on observed rates of evaporation increase per change in sea surface temperature, and this based on data from the 2007 paper by Wentz ein sea surface temperature, and this based on data from the 2007 paper by Wentz et.

That's exactly what was done in a new paper by Kosaka and Xie (2013, Nature, doi: 10.1038 / nature12534) which investigates the impact of the tropical Pacific sea surface temperature on global temperature change.

Ocean acidification, rising ocean temperatures, declining sea ice, and other environmental changes interact to affect the location and abundance of marine fish, including those that are commercially important, those used as food by other species, and those used for subsistence.16, 17,18,122,19,20,21 These changes have allowed some near - surface fish species such as salmon to expand their ranges northward along the Alaskan coast.124, 125,126 In addition, non-native species are invading Alaskan waters more rapidly, primarily through ships releasing ballast waters and bringing southerly species to Alaska.5, 127 These species introductions could affect marine ecosystems, including the feeding relationships of fish important to commercial and subsistence fisheries.

the sea surface temperature hasn't changed in over 140 years), or is it the net energy released by the ENSO cycle has balanced out to zero (in which case how was that net energy release calculated for the first part of the record)?

These trends in extreme weather events are accompanied by longer - term changes as well, including surface and ocean temperature increase over recent decades, snow and ice cover decrease and sea level rise.

Regional circulation patterns have significantly changed in recent years.2 For example, changes in the Arctic Oscillation can not be explained by natural variation and it has been suggested that they are broadly consistent with the expected influence of human - induced climate change.3 The signature of global warming has also been identified in recent changes in the Pacific Decadal Oscillation, a pattern of variability in sea surface temperatures in the northern Pacific Ocean.4

Since the scaling factor used is based purely on simulations by CMIP5 models, rather than on observations, the estimate is only valid if those simulations realistically reproduce the spatiotemporal pattern of actual warming for both SST and near - surface air temperature (tas), and changes in sea - ice cover.

El Nino leftover warm water pools drift into different parts of the oceans and continue to warm for years, an effect not characterized by the ENSO index, but clearly visible in sea surface temperature maps and in the temperature step changes and plateaus following El Ninos.

Thousands of studies conducted by researchers around the world have documented changes in surface, atmospheric, and oceanic temperatures; melting glaciers; diminishing snow cover; shrinking sea ice; rising sea levels; ocean acidification; and increasing atmospheric water vapor.

But more importantly, according to Peter, scientists now have the tools to test global circulation models and monitor worldwide changes in sea surface temperatures and circulation brought about by global warming.

Changes in mean global ocean pH / pCO2, due to uptake of anthropogenic CO2, will reduce pH (ca − 0.3 to 0.5 units / 500 + µatm), and global warming will contribute to increased sea surface temperature (+1.1 to 6.4 °C), by 2100 [1 — 4,7].

Over the past three decades, changes in [CO2] have increased global average temperatures (approx. 0.2 °C decade − 1 [2]-RRB-, with much of the additional energy absorbed by the world's oceans causing a 0.8 °C rise in sea surface temperature over the past century.

However continued high emissions causing changes in sea - surface temperatures and oxygen levels are likely to disrupt many ecosystems protected by MPAs.

We present a novel method of uncovering mechanisms for global temperature change by prescribing, in addition to radiative forcing, the observed history of sea surface temperature over the central to eastern tropical Pacific in a climate model.

Variations in SST due to variations in heat transport by ocean currents or diffusion into the thermocline are neglected while contributions by changes in evaporation, turbulent transfer, and surface radiation are estimated as being proportional to the anomalous air - sea temperature difference.