Sentences with phrase «by changes in the concentration»

But models are not tuned to the trends in surface temperature, and as Gavin noted before (at least for the GISS model), the aerosol amounts are derived from simulations using emissions data and direct effects determined by changes in concentrations.

As to the specific papers you cited, Miller et al 2006 states,» Recent changes in the magnitude of the annular patterns have been interpreted as the signature of anthropogenic forcing by changes in the concentration of greenhouse gases (GHGs) or else stratospheric ozone [Shindell et al., 1999; Fyfe et al., 1999; Kushner et al., 2001; Kindem and Christiansen, 2001; Sexton, 2001; Gillett and Thompson, 2003; Shindell and Schmidt, 2004; Arblaster and Meehl, 2006].»

AGW is «driven» by the change in concentration of GHGs, supposedly in a logarithmic relation at the sort of levels we might see.

Not exact matches

But when asked by Sen. Bob Corker (R - TN) if human activity has contributed to climate change, Tillerson said that «the increase in the greenhouse gas concentrations in the atmosphere are having an effect,» and that «our ability to predict that effect is very limited.»

Economic devastation and neglect — Changes by the B.C. Liberals to the Forest Act resulted in the concentration of ownership in the forest industry, reducing competition in many regions and ultimately killing tens of thousands of well - paying, family - supporting jobs.

It was a major turning point in the game, and an iota extra of concentration by Aldon might have changed the final outcome.

WHEREAS, in furtherance of a united effort to address the reality and ramifications of climate change, nations of the world assembled in Rio de Janiero in 1992 and proposed the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change («UNFCC») in an effort to stabilize concentrations of climate - altering gases in the atmosphere, which UNFCC was adopted in 1994, and has since been ratified by 197 nations, including the United Schange, nations of the world assembled in Rio de Janiero in 1992 and proposed the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change («UNFCC») in an effort to stabilize concentrations of climate - altering gases in the atmosphere, which UNFCC was adopted in 1994, and has since been ratified by 197 nations, including the United SChange («UNFCC») in an effort to stabilize concentrations of climate - altering gases in the atmosphere, which UNFCC was adopted in 1994, and has since been ratified by 197 nations, including the United States;

When elevating calcium ion concentration directly at the presynaptic terminal with the use of caged calcium, cleavage of SNAP - 25 by botulinum toxin A (BoNT / A) produced a strong reduction in the calcium sensitivity for release, whereas cleavage of syntaxin using BoNT / C1 and synaptobrevin using tetanus toxin (TeNT) produced an all - or - nothing block without changing the kinetics of remaining vesicles.

The tests, typically in the form of small strips, work by producing color change in a solution: the intensity of the color which is produced determines the concentration of that solution.

However, solar variability alone can not explain the post-1970 global temperature trends, especially the global temperature rise in the last three decades of the 20th Century, which has been attributed by the Inter-Governmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) to increased concentrations of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere.»

Sensors in the chambers measure the animals» breathing by analyzing changes in oxygen concentration in the captured water.

Although the ions are originally involved in the development of almost one third of all newly formed particles, the concentration of the large cloud condensation nuclei in the course of the 11 - year cycle changes by only 0.1 percent — not enough to have any sizeable influence on the climate.

Kirk used these post-Katrina shifts — driven by an outside natural disaster rather than internal forces such as rising poverty or gentrification — to see whether changes in the concentration of people just out of prison affected reincarceration rates.

Climate change caused by rising concentrations of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere is causing more extreme rainfall and snowfall — and floods

This enabled the team to estimate how temperature - related mortality rates will change under alternative scenarios of climate change, defined by the four Representative Concentration Pathways (RCPs) established by the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change for climate modelling and research inchange under alternative scenarios of climate change, defined by the four Representative Concentration Pathways (RCPs) established by the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change for climate modelling and research inchange, defined by the four Representative Concentration Pathways (RCPs) established by the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change for climate modelling and research inChange for climate modelling and research in 2014.

«There is a certain ironic satisfaction in seeing a study funded by the Koch Brothers — the greatest funders of climate change denial and disinformation on the planet — demonstrate what scientists have known with some degree of confidence for nearly two decades: that the globe is indeed warming, and that this warming can only be explained by human - caused increases in greenhouse gas concentrations,» he wrote.

Waiting with bated breath: Opportunistic orientation to human odor in the malaria mosquito, Anopheles gambiae, is modulated by minute changes in carbon dioxide concentration.

If they are later dislodged by another change in flow, they could then reach our taps in higher concentrations.»

By performing experiments in the precisely controlled environment of the CLOUD chamber, the project's scientists can change the concentrations of chemicals involved in nucleation and then measure the rate at which new particles are created with extreme precision.

This represents a shift in the usual analysis of climate change, particularly in international negotiations, which tend to focus on how much concentrations of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere will rise by a particular date.

As regards the fat in the fish fillets, its composition also changed during the frying process, and became enriched by the acyl groups present in a higher concentration in the frying oil than in the fillet (in other words, oleic if extra virgin olive oil was used, or linoleic if sunflower oil was used) and in plant sterols.

By looking at how concentrations of chemical elements in the sediment change with depth, the researchers can develop a continuous record of how much surface runoff poured into the lake.

Already, the planet's average temperature has warmed by 0.7 degree C, which is «very likely» (greater than 90 percent certain) to be a result of the rising concentrations of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere, according to the U.N. Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change.

Neural signals are transmitted within neurons by changing calcium concentrations, so the researchers used this technique to measure the amount of calcium contained within the Purkinje cells in real time.

Varying the size of the pores by changing the length of the girders allowed the MOFs to filter ethylene - containing acetylene in concentrations of anywhere from 1 percent to 50 percent, which are typical in industry.

By detecting changes in an optical property known as refractive index, the device can sense concentration, pH and other chemical parameters.

Yet, as explained by team leader Florin Albeanu, a CSHL Assistant Professor, «the change in the concentration of odors that they sense can be on the order of 10 million-fold.

For their scenario calculations, the AWI modellers plugged in atmospheric CO2 concentrations in excess of 500 ppm, a level in keeping with the forecasts released by the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC).

Since changes in the soil nitrogen cycle are driven by microbes, could bacteria associated with invasive species not only be responsible for the observed changes in soil nutrient concentrations, but also for enabling the continued growth and persistence of the invader species?

Gary Cohen, president and founder of the Massachusetts - based nonprofit Health Care Without Harm, said in a telephone interview that the risks of climate change to both the health of U.S. citizens and the U.S. health care delivery system is profound, particularly in urban areas, where warming average temperatures are exacerbated by the heat island effect and high concentrations of other air pollution like ozone and particulate matter.

Other threats such as extreme weather, farms turned to desert and choking smog are all exacerbated by climate change that results from rising concentrations of carbon dioxide in the air.

By studying the past climate, scientists can understand better how temperature responds to changes in greenhouse - gas concentrations in the atmosphere.

The reason may well be climate change caused by increasing concentrations of atmospheric greenhouse gases — now roughly 390 parts per million, up from 280 ppm in the 1700s.

A new prize aims to change that by offering a $ 1 - million reward to inventors who can devise a cheaper and more accurate test of ocean acidity, which is measured in pH, a gauge of the concentration of ions in a solution.

The cause of those anomalies varied by region, the researchers discovered when they looked more closely at OCO - 2 and other satellite data showing changes in biological productivity, carbon dioxide concentration in the atmosphere and other measurements.

No one is more concerned than the Japanese, who are surrounded by seas; about 73 % of Japan is forested, mountainous, and unsuitable for agricultural, industrial, or residential use, as a result, the habitable zones are mainly located in or near coastal areas, so much so that, there are growing concerns in Japan of the impact of climate change on their coastal surroundings, prompting the Japanese government to set up an Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) to undertake a study on climate change, to provide future projections of coastal erosion based on representative concentration pathway (RCP) scenchange on their coastal surroundings, prompting the Japanese government to set up an Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) to undertake a study on climate change, to provide future projections of coastal erosion based on representative concentration pathway (RCP) scenChange (IPCC) to undertake a study on climate change, to provide future projections of coastal erosion based on representative concentration pathway (RCP) scenchange, to provide future projections of coastal erosion based on representative concentration pathway (RCP) scenarios.

If we embark on a path that is equivalent to setting emissions to zero now (say by having a period of negative emissions in the 2035 to 2050 time frame), and call the sequestration we accomplish mitigation then mitigation can arrest climate change, make adaptation unneeded and bring us to a safe concentration of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere as Hansen has pointed out.

The point they make is that future climate change due to inertia has been assessed by keeping CO2 concentrations at some predetermined level, that is, that there will be no future increase in human input of CO2 into the atmosphere.

Climate change, resulting in more frost - free days and warmer seasonal air temperatures, can contribute to shifts in flowering time and pollen initiation from allergenic plant species, and increased CO2 by itself can elevate production of plant - based allergens.137, 15,16,17,18,19,138 Higher pollen concentrations and longer pollen seasons can increase allergic sensitizations and asthma episodes, 20,21,155,22 and diminish productive work and school days.138, 22,23

My research indicates that the Siberian peat moss, Arctic tundra, and methal hydrates (frozen methane at the bottom of the ocean) all have an excellent chance of melting and releasing their stored co2.Recent methane concentration figures also hit the news last week, and methane has increased after a long time being steady.The forests of north america are drying out and are very susceptible to massive insect infestations and wildfires, and the massive die offs - 25 % of total forests, have begun.And, the most recent stories on the Amazon forecast that with the change in rainfall patterns one third of the Amazon will dry and turn to grassland, thereby creating a domino cascade effect for the rest of the Amazon.With co2 levels risng faster now that the oceans have reached carrying capacity, the oceans having become also more acidic, and the looming threat of a North Atlanic current shutdown (note the recent terrible news on salinity upwelling levels off Greenland,) and the change in cold water upwellings, leading to far less biomass for the fish to feed upon, all lead to the conclusion we may not have to worry about NASA completing its inventory of near earth objects greater than 140 meters across by 2026 (Recent Benjamin Dean astronomy lecture here in San Francisco).

The sensitivity for detecting the presence of genomic changes in circulating tumour DNA (ctDNA) is limited by its low concentration in plasma.

While ECS is the equilibrium global mean temperature change that eventually results from atmospheric CO2 doubling, the smaller TCR refers to the global mean temperature change that is realised at the time of CO2 doubling under an idealised scenario in which CO2 concentrations increase by 1 % yr — 1 (Cubasch et al., 2001; see also Section 8.6.2.1).

These rising atmospheric greenhouse gas concentrations have led to an increase in global average temperatures of ~ 0.2 °C decade — 1, much of which has been absorbed by the oceans, whilst the oceanic uptake of atmospheric CO2 has led to major changes in surface ocean pH (Levitus et al., 2000, 2005; Feely et al., 2008; Hoegh - Guldberg and Bruno, 2010; Mora et al., 2013; Roemmich et al., 2015).

In one sentence: Researchers at Pacific Northwest National Laboratory found that when miniscule particles of airborne dust, thought to be a perfect landing site for water vapor, are modified by pollution, they change cloud properties via ice crystal number concentration and ice water content.

The study found that that high concentration of antibodies that bind to V1 and V2 regions of the correlates, that keep changing, have reduction in infection rate by 43 per cent but high plasma IgA envelope indicated 54 per cent increase in the infection rate.

For example, changes in Earth's atmospheric composition (especially the concentrations of greenhouse gases) may alter the climate, while climate change itself can change the atmospheric composition (for example by changing the rate at which weathering removes CO2).

This flexibility is designed to facilitate a higher concentration of intermittent renewable resources — such as wind and solar — than is currently possible because, by having such flexible gas - fired plants, grid operators can respond to sudden changes in renewable generation caused by variations in wind speed or cloud cover.

Archibald begins by discovering that the IR light flux at the top of the atmosphere is more sensitive to changes in atmosphere CO2 when the concentration of CO2 is lower.

Sea surface temperature change after doubling of atmospheric CO2 concentration in a scenario where CO2 increases by 1 % every year.

By this time, atmospheric CO2 concentration will probably have become sufficiently high (and we will be committed to further increases) that a climatic change significantly larger than any which has occurred in the past century could be unavoidable.»