Sentences with phrase «by climate models showing»

These results confirm behaviour predicted by climate models showing that greater snow cover should occur in this ice sheet.

The major argument for that is that physically one would expect that and detailed analysis by climate models shows it.

The major argument for that is that physically one would expect that and detailed analysis by climate models shows it.

Climate is among the most complex phenomena ever attempted to be modeled, and a comparison of actual temperatures to predictions made by climate models shows how imprecise and imperfect the current models are.

Not exact matches

Darin Kingston of d.light, whose profitable solar - powered LED lanterns simultaneously address poverty, education, air pollution / toxic fumes / health risks, energy savings, carbon footprint, and more Janine Benyus, biomimicry pioneer who finds models in the natural world for everything from extracting water from fog (as a desert beetle does) to construction materials (spider silk) to designing flood - resistant buildings by studying anthills in India's monsoon climate, and shows what's possible when you invite the planet to join your design thinking team Dean Cycon, whose coffee company has not only exclusively sold organic fairly traded gourmet coffee and cocoa beans since its founding in 1993, but has funded dozens of village - led community development projects in the lands where he sources his beans John Kremer, whose concept of exponential growth through «biological marketing,» just as a single kernel of corn grows into a plant bearing thousands of new kernels, could completely change your business strategy Amory Lovins of the Rocky Mountain Institute, who built a near - net - zero - energy luxury home back in 1983, and has developed a scientific, economically viable plan to get the entire economy off oil, coal, and nuclear and onto renewables — while keeping and even improving our high standard of living

In the study, scientists from the Potsdam - based Alfred Wegener Institute, Helmholtz Centre for Polar and Marine Research, and Harvard University show that sea surface temperatures reconstructed from climate archives vary to a much greater extent on long time scales than simulated by climate models.

Climate models show that the additional particles caused by human activity produce a cooling effect which partially offsets the greenhouse effect.

Climate models show that if CO2 levels stopped rising now, the world would still warm by a further 0.6 °C.

According to Yousuke Sato of the RIKEN Advanced Institute for Computational Science (AICS), «this research shows that powerful supercomputers, by performing more fine - grained simulations, can help us to model weather and climate patterns in a more realistic way.

A 2000 - year transient climate simulation with the Community Climate System Model shows the same temperature sensitivity to changes in insolation as does our proxy reconstruction, supporting the inference that this long - term trend was caused by the steady orbitally driven reduction in summer insoclimate simulation with the Community Climate System Model shows the same temperature sensitivity to changes in insolation as does our proxy reconstruction, supporting the inference that this long - term trend was caused by the steady orbitally driven reduction in summer insoClimate System Model shows the same temperature sensitivity to changes in insolation as does our proxy reconstruction, supporting the inference that this long - term trend was caused by the steady orbitally driven reduction in summer insolation.

«As a result, some atmospheric circulations systems can not be resolved by these models, and this clearly impacts the accuracy of climate change predictions as shown in our study.»

By combining climate and plate movement data in a computer model, geophysicist Giampiero Iaffaldano of the Australian National University in Canberra showed that the monsoons can explain the acceleration.

Using climate models to understand the physical processes that were at play during the glacial periods, the team were able to show that a gradual rise in CO2 strengthened the trade winds across Central America by inducing an El Nino - like warming pattern with stronger warming in the East Pacific than the Western Atlantic.

The researchers showed that the climate change models used by the IPCC underestimate Africa's emissions, which could account for 20 - 55 % of global anthropogenic emissions of gaseous and particulate pollutants by 2030.

We show elsewhere (8) that a forcing of 1.08 W / m2 yields a warming of 3/4 °C by 2050 in transient climate simulations with a model having equilibrium sensitivity of 3/4 °C per W / m2.

The climate projections show on this map are based on Representative Concentration Pathway 2.6, 4.5, and 8.5 (van Vuuren et al., 2012) experiments run by global climate models participating in the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project Phase 5 (CMIP5) exercise (Taylor et al., 2012).

Earth's climate has been shown by a wide range of climate models to be bistable, which means that it can exist in both a frozen state or a warm, ice - free state with the same amount of solar energy.

A new study shows that the climate simulated by a numerical climate model can depend surprisingly much of what is assumed about the snow grain shapes when computing the reflection of solar radiation by the snowpack.

«[B] y making use of 21 CMIP5 coupled climate models, we study the contribution of external forcing to the Pacific Ocean regional sea level variability over 1993 — 2013, and show that according to climate models, externally forced and thereby the anthropogenic sea level fingerprint on regional sea level trends in the tropical Pacific is still too small to be observable by satellite altimetry.»

Over 3,000 events showcased the big and small ideas across the country: Manchester United held a staff bike ride, the Arcola Theatre in Hackney taught children how to make hydrogen powered cars, and stars such as Lily Cole and Gemma Arterton showed how fashion can be part of the solution to climate change by modelling a low carbon designer Climate Week T -climate change by modelling a low carbon designer Climate Week T -Climate Week T - shirt.

Guemas et al. (Nature Climate Change 2013) shows that the slower warming of the last ten years can not be explained by a change in the radiative balance of our Earth, but rather by a change in the heat storage of the oceans, and that this can be at least partially reproduced by climate models, if one accounts for the natural fluctuations associated with El Niño in the initialization of the Climate Change 2013) shows that the slower warming of the last ten years can not be explained by a change in the radiative balance of our Earth, but rather by a change in the heat storage of the oceans, and that this can be at least partially reproduced by climate models, if one accounts for the natural fluctuations associated with El Niño in the initialization of the climate models, if one accounts for the natural fluctuations associated with El Niño in the initialization of the models.

We show elsewhere (8) that a forcing of 1.08 W / m2 yields a warming of 3/4 °C by 2050 in transient climate simulations with a model having equilibrium sensitivity of 3/4 °C per W / m2.

This issue can however be avoided completely by using the actual radiative transfer model to examine climate model output, and that kind of approach was used in Hansen et al (2002) to show that the climate models can match the surface record, the MSU 2 channel and the MSU 4 channel completely consistently.

In order to understand the potential importance of the effect, let's look at what it could do to our understanding of climate: 1) It will have zero effect on the global climate models, because a) the constraints on these models are derived from other sources b) the effect is known and there are methods for dealing the errors they introduce c) the effect they introduce is local, not global, so they can not be responsible for the signal / trend we see, but would at most introduce noise into that signal 2) It will not alter the conclusion that the climate is changing or even the degree to which it is changing because of c) above and because that conclusion is supported by multiple additional lines of evidence, all of which are consistent with the trends shown in the land stations.

Mike's work, like that of previous award winners, is diverse, and includes pioneering and highly cited work in time series analysis (an elegant use of Thomson's multitaper spectral analysis approach to detect spatiotemporal oscillations in the climate record and methods for smoothing temporal data), decadal climate variability (the term «Atlantic Multidecadal Oscillation» or «AMO» was coined by Mike in an interview with Science's Richard Kerr about a paper he had published with Tom Delworth of GFDL showing evidence in both climate model simulations and observational data for a 50 - 70 year oscillation in the climate system; significantly Mike also published work with Kerry Emanuel in 2006 showing that the AMO concept has been overstated as regards its role in 20th century tropical Atlantic SST changes, a finding recently reaffirmed by a study published in Nature), in showing how changes in radiative forcing from volcanoes can affect ENSO, in examining the role of solar variations in explaining the pattern of the Medieval Climate Anomaly and Little Ice Age, the relationship between the climate changes of past centuries and phenomena such as Atlantic tropical cyclones and global sea level, and even a bit of work in atmospheric chemistry (an analysis of beryllium - 7 measureclimate record and methods for smoothing temporal data), decadal climate variability (the term «Atlantic Multidecadal Oscillation» or «AMO» was coined by Mike in an interview with Science's Richard Kerr about a paper he had published with Tom Delworth of GFDL showing evidence in both climate model simulations and observational data for a 50 - 70 year oscillation in the climate system; significantly Mike also published work with Kerry Emanuel in 2006 showing that the AMO concept has been overstated as regards its role in 20th century tropical Atlantic SST changes, a finding recently reaffirmed by a study published in Nature), in showing how changes in radiative forcing from volcanoes can affect ENSO, in examining the role of solar variations in explaining the pattern of the Medieval Climate Anomaly and Little Ice Age, the relationship between the climate changes of past centuries and phenomena such as Atlantic tropical cyclones and global sea level, and even a bit of work in atmospheric chemistry (an analysis of beryllium - 7 measureclimate variability (the term «Atlantic Multidecadal Oscillation» or «AMO» was coined by Mike in an interview with Science's Richard Kerr about a paper he had published with Tom Delworth of GFDL showing evidence in both climate model simulations and observational data for a 50 - 70 year oscillation in the climate system; significantly Mike also published work with Kerry Emanuel in 2006 showing that the AMO concept has been overstated as regards its role in 20th century tropical Atlantic SST changes, a finding recently reaffirmed by a study published in Nature), in showing how changes in radiative forcing from volcanoes can affect ENSO, in examining the role of solar variations in explaining the pattern of the Medieval Climate Anomaly and Little Ice Age, the relationship between the climate changes of past centuries and phenomena such as Atlantic tropical cyclones and global sea level, and even a bit of work in atmospheric chemistry (an analysis of beryllium - 7 measureclimate model simulations and observational data for a 50 - 70 year oscillation in the climate system; significantly Mike also published work with Kerry Emanuel in 2006 showing that the AMO concept has been overstated as regards its role in 20th century tropical Atlantic SST changes, a finding recently reaffirmed by a study published in Nature), in showing how changes in radiative forcing from volcanoes can affect ENSO, in examining the role of solar variations in explaining the pattern of the Medieval Climate Anomaly and Little Ice Age, the relationship between the climate changes of past centuries and phenomena such as Atlantic tropical cyclones and global sea level, and even a bit of work in atmospheric chemistry (an analysis of beryllium - 7 measureclimate system; significantly Mike also published work with Kerry Emanuel in 2006 showing that the AMO concept has been overstated as regards its role in 20th century tropical Atlantic SST changes, a finding recently reaffirmed by a study published in Nature), in showing how changes in radiative forcing from volcanoes can affect ENSO, in examining the role of solar variations in explaining the pattern of the Medieval Climate Anomaly and Little Ice Age, the relationship between the climate changes of past centuries and phenomena such as Atlantic tropical cyclones and global sea level, and even a bit of work in atmospheric chemistry (an analysis of beryllium - 7 measureClimate Anomaly and Little Ice Age, the relationship between the climate changes of past centuries and phenomena such as Atlantic tropical cyclones and global sea level, and even a bit of work in atmospheric chemistry (an analysis of beryllium - 7 measureclimate changes of past centuries and phenomena such as Atlantic tropical cyclones and global sea level, and even a bit of work in atmospheric chemistry (an analysis of beryllium - 7 measurements).

Even without fully incorporating such climate feedback, models show that continued reliance on fossil fuels could raise the global temperature by up to 7 degrees Celsius (over 12 degrees Fahrenheit) by the end of this century.

In my briefings to the Association of Small Island States in Bali, the 41 Island Nations of the Caribbean, Pacific, and Indian Ocean (and later circulated to all member states), I pointed out that IPCC had seriously and systematically UNDERESTIMATED the extent of climate change, showing that the sensitivity of temperature and sea level to CO2 clearly shown by the past climate record in coral reefs, ice cores, and deep sea sediments is orders of magnitude higher than IPCC's models.

[5:14 p.m. Updated As Stefan Rahmstorf, a German climate scientist, explained in an e-mail late today, that's very much an open question, with his modeling studies showing any cooling swamped by greenhouse - driven warming.]

While RealClimate has called into question the soundness of the paper's quite narrow conclusions of discrepancy between model predictions and measurements of the relative rate of warming of different levels of the atmosphere over the tropics, this paper is being touted by the deniers as showing that the models are wrong to predict any warming at all, and that predictions of future warming and climate change can be entirely discounted.

In some cases, reviewers and / or editors supportive of mainstream views totally block important papers from being published; McKitrick, McIntyre and Herman had to completely rewrite their recent paper — showing that high tropical tropospheric temperature trends for the last three decades produced by climate models are inconsistent with observations — as a study of applying statistical methods developed in econometrics, and submit it to a journal with a more open - minded editor, in order to get it published at all.

Abstract:... Here we show that a pronounced strengthening in Pacific trade winds over the past two decades — unprecedented in observations / reanalysis data and not captured by climate models — is sufficient to account for the cooling of the tropical Pacific and a substantial slowdown in surface warming through increased subsurface ocean heat uptake.

The model simulations (upper right panel) driven by all known climate forcings over the period in question show a very similar pattern of weakening.

Climate models show that by the end of this century, under a business - as - usual emissions scenario where there is no constraint in the amount of greenhouse gas emissions pumped into the atmosphere that ratio could climb to 50:1.

[Response: Following up Gavin's comment, it has indeed already been shown — based on experiments with synthetic proxy data derived from a long climate model simulation (see Figure 5 herein)-- that the calibration method used by Moberg et al is prone to artificially inflating low - frequency variability.

Instead, the tendency has been to just look at static mean geographic patterns of things, which has been shown over and over again not to have much predictive value, with a couple of exceptions (e.g. see a nice 2010 paper by Trenberth and Fasullo [summary here] that relates one chronic model mean cloud error to climate sensitivity).

The Canadian Arctic Archipelago, shown by the model to have suitable climate in the winter season, could become a regular wintering area in the future, as a species that migrates long distances and winters on the ocean (as this one does) should not have too much trouble wintering in new areas should that become necessary.

This graph shows the forcings (CO2, and other stuff) used by Hansen in the model runs for each of his three future scenarios, plotted alongside the actual climate forcings that were observed.

So, people do care when you are opposed to their point of view, it seems, so it is quite useful to show that I work with some of the top UK climate scientists (via Tyndall), that I am involve in climate policy modelling (and climate modelling via CIAS), so I don't get any patronising comments by anonymous people who claim I should be quiet because they «read the science» while I must be a PR guy if I want to engage with people with a different opinion to myself.

However, the simulation of clouds in climate models has shown modest improvement relative to models available at the time of the AR4, and this has been aided by new evaluation techniques and new observations for clouds.

Recently Gregory showed on Watts Up With That how EC's climate model is the worst of any used by the IPCC.

So far the hypothesis of CAGW is not yet been shown to be repeatable by others, the models have yet to produce any valid predictions, and there are many areas of investigation into the workings of the climate system that have been ignored.

Figure B shows the response of the same simple model to the lowest of the emissions scenarios considered in 1992 by the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC).

Little was agreed to curb greenhouse gas emissions and the latest modelling, carried out by the Climate Action Tracker consortium shows global averages temperatures are still set to rise by at least 3 °C [continue reading...]

A new Nature Climate Change study shows that the prevailing climate models produced estimates that overshot the temperature rise of the last 15 years by more thanClimate Change study shows that the prevailing climate models produced estimates that overshot the temperature rise of the last 15 years by more thanclimate models produced estimates that overshot the temperature rise of the last 15 years by more than 300 %.

Let's take an idealized example: Figure 1 shows the hypothetical linear relationship between a variable A simulated by 29 climate models and a projection of future climate changes (here ECS, but in principle any climate - change response may be considered).

If their results show a better correlation than the «climate models» the AGW hypothesis (I'm not even dignifying it by calling it a «theory», which implies they have significant supporting evidence) is based on, then I'd conclude that ExxonMobile researchers have a better understanding of «climate change» than AGW proponents.

The author's points on non-linearity and time delays are actually more relevant to the discussion in other presentations when I talked about whether the climate models that show high future sensitivities to CO2 are consistent with past history, particularly if warming in the surface temperature record is exaggerated by urban biases.

In most models that show the world reducing emissions enough to hit the 2 °C climate target, «solar energy emerges only as a minor mitigation option» — around 5 to 17 percent of global electricity supply in one representative study used by the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change climate target, «solar energy emerges only as a minor mitigation option» — around 5 to 17 percent of global electricity supply in one representative study used by the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change Climate Change (IPCC).

Other recent assessments using the FAO / IIASA Agro-Ecological Zones model (AEZ) in conjunction with IIASA's world food system or Basic Linked System (BSL), as well as climate variables from five different GCMs under four SRES emissions scenarios, show further agricultural impacts such as changes in agricultural potential by the 2080s (Fischer et al., 2005).

In our observational work however, we have not been able to show clear support for the manner or magnitude of this response as has been depicted by the present set of climate models (Christy, 2002, Christy et al. 2006a, Christy and Norris 2006, Christy et al. 2006b).»