Sentences with phrase «by climate observations»
(i) those based wholly on simulations by complex climate models (GCMs), the characteristics of which are only very loosely constrained by climate observations, through
http://www.bishop-hill.net/ Not exact matches
The researchers were able to test their hypothesis that stronger winds were driving the ocean heat uptake by putting the observations of wind behavior into climate models.
A new report by the National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine finds that continuity of ocean observations is vital to gain an accurate understanding of the climate, and calls for a decadal, national plan that is adequately resourced and implemented to ensure critical ocean information is available to understand and predict future changes.
Because El Niño's warmer, drier conditions in tropical regions mimic the effects of climate change expected by the end of the century, those observations may be a sobering harbinger of the tropics» diminishing role as a...
Climate - change studies by Boston University biologists show leaf - out times of trees and shrubs at Walden Pond are an average of 18 days earlier than when Henry David Thoreau made his observations there in the 1850s.
Two pieces examine how climate change is affecting marine biological systems: Schofield et al. (p. 1520) illustrate and discuss the role of ocean - observation techniques in documenting how marine ecosystems in the West Antarctic Peninsula region are evolving, and Hoegh - Guldberg and Bruno (p. 1523) present a more global view of the ways in which marine ecosystems are being affected by rapid anthropogenic variations.
«The highly accurate and precise data from Glory, in combination with observations from the rest of the A-Train, will enable researchers to improve our understanding of the Earth system by improving our ability predict future climate,» she said.
A new Columbia Engineering study, led by Pierre Gentine, associate professor of earth and environmental engineering, analyzes global satellite observations and shows that vegetation alters climate and weather patterns by as much as 30 percent.
Scientists can confidently say that Earth is warming due to greenhouse gas emissions caused by humans, but data on climate trends over the Antarctic and the surrounding Southern Ocean only go back to 1979 when regular satellite observations began.
It was not until 1976 that a paper published in Science by John A. Eddy of Saginaw Valley State University renewed interest in the sun - climate relationship with a comprehensive analysis of many different historical records of solar observation.
Both real - world observations and the team's simulations reveal that the abnormally strong winds — driven by natural variation in a long - term climate cycle called the Interdecadal Pacific Oscillation — have, for the time being, carried the «missing» heat to intermediate depths of the western Pacific Ocean.
Based on past observations, Held, who was not involved with the study, said the climate sensitivity of 5 °C or more shown by the new research may be implausible.
Observations by Japan's Venus climate orbiter Akatsuki have revealed an equatorial jet in the lower to middle cloud layer of the planet's atmosphere, a finding that could be pivotal to unraveling a phenomenon called superrotation.
Because El Niño's warmer, drier conditions in tropical regions mimic the effects of climate change expected by the end of the century, those observations may be a sobering harbinger of the tropics» diminishing role as a buffer for fossil fuel emissions (SN Online: 9/28/17).
«I still think it is a good piece of work, puts a limited number of observations in a solid context, does not overinterpret, and does not say this was caused by climate change.»
Trenberth says that the climate monitoring principles set by the Global Climate Observing System (GCOS), the lead international organization for oversight of systematic climate observations, lack provisions for verifying accuracy and confirming or refuting «surprising» climate - change results based on satellitclimate monitoring principles set by the Global Climate Observing System (GCOS), the lead international organization for oversight of systematic climate observations, lack provisions for verifying accuracy and confirming or refuting «surprising» climate - change results based on satellitClimate Observing System (GCOS), the lead international organization for oversight of systematic climate observations, lack provisions for verifying accuracy and confirming or refuting «surprising» climate - change results based on satellitclimate observations, lack provisions for verifying accuracy and confirming or refuting «surprising» climate - change results based on satellitclimate - change results based on satellite data.
«Leveraging a digital control mechanism means we can give value to the millions of observations collected by volunteers» and «it allows a new kind of science where citizens can directly contribute to the analysis of global challenges like climate change» say Hamed Mehdipoor and Dr. Raul Zurita - Milla, who work at the Geo - Information Processing department of ITC.
«However, it is the bringing together of observations by ecologists, theory from biologists, physics from land surface modellers and climate science in the global modeling, that is revolutionary.»
(viii) a list of the existing observation and monitoring systems or programs operated by each Federal agency that provide data, observations, and other information that may be used to develop or improve climate products and services;
Where climate sensitivity is estimated in studies involving comparing observations with values simulated by a forced climate model at varying parameter settings (see Appendix 9.
After a general trashing of various things including surface observations and climate models, he admitted that his prediction for the globally - averaged warming (of ~ 1.5 C by 2100) is within the IPCC range... albeit at the low end.
The estimates of ice loss also helped them calculate the amount of sea level rise contributed by the ice sheet prior to 1990 — a number missing from the most recent Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change report because of the lack of direct observations.
Various global temperature projections by mainstream climate scientists and models, and by climate contrarians, compared to observations by NASA GISS.
The climate changes are large and reasonably well constrained by observations.
A very recent study by Saba et al. (2015) specifically analyzed sea surface temperatures off the US east coast in observations and a suite of global warming runs with climate models.
Professor of Economics and Research Chair in Energy, Ecology and Prosperity at the Frontier Centre for Public Policy Dr. Ross McKitrick discusses the wide disparities between the expected results of climate models and real - life observations, during an in - depth interview for The New Criterion by Ben Weingarten
In this excerpt he rails against the criteria supposedly used by Phil Jones for choosing contributing authors (CAs) for the AR4 WG1 chapter 3, Observations: Surface and Atmospheric Climate Change.
A joint session dedicated to DOE ARM measurements: Observations of Aerosol / Trace Gases, Clouds, Precipitation, and Radiation from DOE Atmospheric Radiation Measurement (ARM) Climate Research Facility Part 1, Tuesday, January 24, 8:30 — 10:00 am, 4C - 4, led by Jian Wang, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Jim Mather and Jiwen Fan, both from Pacific Northwest National Laboratory
«Observations throughout the world make it clear that climate change is occurring, and rigorous scientific research concludes that the greenhouse gases emitted by human activities are the primary driver,» the letter states.
It shows that climate scientists already had a good understanding of the physics 30 years ago, and that their conclusions about anthropogenic warming have been validated by observations.
A large ensemble of Earth system model simulations, constrained by geological and historical observations of past climate change, demonstrates our self ‐ adjusting mitigation approach for a range of climate stabilization targets ranging from 1.5 to 4.5 °C, and generates AMP scenarios up to year 2300 for surface warming, carbon emissions, atmospheric CO2, global mean sea level, and surface ocean acidification.
They're fantastic, and by exploiting these wonderful observations we've got, I think we can really test the way these climate models work.
However, satellite observations are notably cooler in the lower troposphere than predicted by climate models, and the research team in their paper acknowledge this, remarking: «One area of concern is that on average... simulations underestimate the observed lower stratospheric cooling and overestimate tropospheric warming... These differences must be due to some combination of errors in model forcings, model response errors, residual observational inhomogeneities, and an unusual manifestation of natural internal variability in the observations.»
Another way to estimate climate sensitivity from both models AND observations is to calculate the ratio of observed warming to forecast warming... then multiply that by the ECS value used in the model.
«We use a massive ensemble of the Bern2.5 D climate model of intermediate complexity, driven by bottom - up estimates of historic radiative forcing F, and constrained by a set of observations of the surface warming T since 1850 and heat uptake Q since the 1950s... Between 1850 and 2010, the climate system accumulated a total net forcing energy of 140 x 1022 J with a 5 - 95 % uncertainty range of 95 - 197 x 1022 J, corresponding to an average net radiative forcing of roughly 0.54 (0.36 - 0.76) Wm - 2.»
Investigate Climate Science: Take students on an investigation of climate science by joining the newest collaborative project hosted by GLOBE, Global Learning and Observations to Benefit the EnvirClimate Science: Take students on an investigation of climate science by joining the newest collaborative project hosted by GLOBE, Global Learning and Observations to Benefit the Envirclimate science by joining the newest collaborative project hosted by GLOBE, Global Learning and Observations to Benefit the Environment.
Or, put another way, if teachers were generating high test score gains from their students by creating a climate of abject fear in their classrooms, their observation scores should be low and that information is useful.
Observations by educators confirm what studies show repeatedly: a positive school climate reduces bullying behaviors.
I was stunned by the clarity of this observation and how it spoke to my latent observations of the political climate in our city.
As of last week, the Market Climate for stocks remained in the most negative 0.5 % of all historical observations, and was characterized by rich valuations, unfavorable market action, and a variety of hostile «Aunt Minnies» that are associated with poor subsequent returns.
After a general trashing of various things including surface observations and climate models, he admitted that his prediction for the globally - averaged warming (of ~ 1.5 C by 2100) is within the IPCC range... albeit at the low end.
A canard that has already been trotted out by climate change contrarians (and unfortunately parroted uncritically in some media reports) holds that weather in certain parts of the U.S. (e.g. blizzards and avalanches in Colorado) negates the observation of anomalous winter warmth.
Increased and improved Earth observation is not only motivated by climate change, but also by increased traffic in remote areas like the Arctic and Antarctica.
If we didn't know about the CO2 - climate connection from physics, then no observation of a warming trend, however accurate, would by itself tell us that anthropogenic global warming is «real,» or (more importantly) that it is going to persist and probably increase.
Since OHC uptake efficiency associated with surface warming is low compared with the rate of radiative restoring (increase in energy loss to space as specified by the climate feedback parameter), an important internal contribution must lead to a loss rather than a gain of ocean heat; thus the observation of OHC increase requires a dominant role for external forcing.
By looking at the signatures of climate change in precipitation intensity and comparing that to the internal variability and the observation, the researchers conclude that the probability of intense precipitation on any given day has increased by 7 percent over the last 50 years — well outside the bounds of natural variabilitBy looking at the signatures of climate change in precipitation intensity and comparing that to the internal variability and the observation, the researchers conclude that the probability of intense precipitation on any given day has increased by 7 percent over the last 50 years — well outside the bounds of natural variabilitby 7 percent over the last 50 years — well outside the bounds of natural variability.
Although some earlier work along similar lines had been done by other paleoclimate researchers (Ed Cook, Phil Jones, Keith Briffa, Ray Bradley, Malcolm Hughes, and Henry Diaz being just a few examples), before Mike, no one had seriously attempted to use all the available paleoclimate data together, to try to reconstruct the global patterns of climate back in time before the start of direct instrumental observations of climate, or to estimate the underlying statistical uncertainties in reconstructing past temperature changes.
However the way I see it, the media are reluctant by my observation in NZ to highlight things like Hansens paper (and even his more public utterances on the danger of rapid climate change).
To respond to the growing demand for Earth observation data, we will accelerate efforts within the Global Earth Observation System of Systems (GEOSS), which builds on the work of UN specialized agencies and programs, in priority areas, inter alia, climate change and water resources management, by strengthening observation, prediction and data sharing.
Some of them are optimal fingerprint detection studies (estimating the magnitude of fingerprints for different external forcing factors in observations, and determining how likely such patterns could have occurred in observations by chance, and how likely they could be confused with climate response to other influences, using a statistically optimal metric), some of them use simpler methods, such as comparisons between data and climate model simulations with and without greenhouse gas increases / anthropogenic forcing, and some are even based only on observations.