Sentences with phrase «by coastal currents»

Japan, the east coast of the US, northern Brazil and south eastern Africa are also strongly influenced by coastal currents that transport warm tropical waters.

Not exact matches

«The current costs just for diking upgrades for the tidal areas of the river and for adjacent coastal reaches required by 2100 are in range of $ 9 billion,» said Matt Pitcairn, the Manager of Policy and Communications at the Richmond Chamber of Commerce and the report's co-author.

The report stresses that «If we continue on our current path, by 2050 between $ 66 billion and $ 106 billion worth of existing coastal property will likely be below sea level nationwide, with $ 238 billion to $ 507 billion worth of property below sea level by 2100.

Unsustainable aquaculture practices, overfishing and destructive harvesting threaten coastal and marine ecosystems, with projections that, if current fishing practices continue, there will be no exploitable fish stocks in the region by 2048.

Pushed by the natural motion of wind and ocean currents — often over long distances — the litter is present in oceans worldwide, as well as in sea floor sediment and coastal sands.

The waters probed during this study, known as the California Current, are a hot spot of ocean acidification because of coastal upwelling, which brings naturally acidic waters to the surface, where they are made even more acidic by greenhouse gas pollution.

However, the new report forecasts that if current and planned coastal reclamation continue unabated, by 2020 the government's red line «will be broken.»

The northern third of the delta is lowering at the rate of about 4 to 8 mm per year due to compaction of strata underlying the plain, seismic motion, and the lack of sufficient new sediment to re-nourish the delta margin being eroded by Mediterranean coastal currents.

In coastal California newts the current and future ranges appear to overlap, but by the time that future habitat becomes available late in the century, her simulation indicates that the current range will have contracted so much that the animals have no route to get there.

The eddies are formed by strong outflow currents from coastal rivers that are rich in nutrients from spring snowmelt.

That is a major change in sea currents, warming, wildlife, coastal erosion, and much less solar energy being bounced back into space by ice that in not there.

Deep within Talbot Bay, this natural wonder is caused by intense tidal currents that get squeezed into the natural coastal gorges.

Yet we know well that our current flooding predictions will be entirely obsolete in less than two decades, as thousands of miles of coastlines are slowly claimed by rising seas, due both to coastal subsidence and global warming.

It has coastal areas, mountain areas, plains, deserts etc, and is not dominated by one particular climatic zone, or by one particular weather pattern, or one particular oceanic current.

Using an ocean circulation model for the shelf, the authors find that surface temperatures may increase by 0.5 to 2.0 °C, seasonal surface salinity may drop by up to 2 PSS in some areas, and that Haida Eddies will strengthen, as will the Vancouver Island Coastal Current and freshwater discharges into coastal waters.

The side - by - side display of historical and current remote - sensing images highlights forest degradation, wetland drainage, and shrinking lakes to the impacts of refugees on fragile ecosystems and signs of coastal degradation.

Hellmer, H. H., Kauker, F., Timmermann, R., Determann, J. & Rae, J. Twenty - first - century warming of a large Antarctic ice - shelf cavity by a redirected coastal current.

Whether it is the unanimous opinion by scientists regarding the 18 - year «global warming» pause; or the last 9 years for the complete lack of major hurricanes; or the inexplicable and surprisingly thick Antarctic sea ice; or the boring global sea level rise that is a tiny fraction of coastal - swamping magnitude; or food crops exploding with record production; or multiple other climate signals - it is now blatantly obvious the current edition of the AGW hypothesis is highly suspect.

Noting that the current atmospheric concentration of CO2 is higher than it's been in the past 650,000 years, the IPCC predicts that human - induced climate change could spell extinction for 20 to 30 percent of the world's species by the end of this century, cause increasingly destructive weather patterns, and flood coastal cities.

Requires the Director of the National Science Foundation and the Administrator of the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) to enter into an arrangements with NAS to study: (1) the current status of ice sheet melt, as caused by climate change, with implications for global sea level rise; and (2) the current state of the science on the potential impacts of climate change on patterns of hurricane and typhoon development and the implications for hurricane - prone and typhoon - prone coastal regions.

First, consider this statement from the Executive Summary: «If we continue on our current path, by 2050 between $ 66 billion and $ 106 billion worth of existing coastal property will likely be below sea level nationwide...»

The 20 coastal cities where economic average annual losses (AAL) increase most by 2050 compared to 2005 for an optimistic scenario of sea level rise if current defence standards are not improved.

Lansner and Pepke Pedersen (2018) point out that, due to the divergent rates of warming and cooling for land vs. ocean water, there is a significant difference in the range of temperature for the regions of the world influenced by their close proximity to oceans and coastal wind currents (ocean air affected, or OAA) and the inland regions of the world that are unaffected by ocean air effects and coastal wind because they are sheltered by hills and mountains or located in valleys (ocean air sheltered, or OAS).

Hence, the pH dynamics of coastal ecosystems are not captured adequately by current models projecting changes through the twenty - first century.

We propose here a new paradigm of anthropogenic impacts on seawater pH. This new paradigm provides a canonical approach towards integrating the multiple components of anthropogenic forcing that lead to changes in coastal pH. We believe that this paradigm, whilst accommodating that of OA by anthropogenic CO2, avoids the limitations the current OA paradigm faces to account for the dynamics of coastal ecosystems, where some ecosystems are not showing any acidification or basification trend whilst others show a much steeper acidification than expected for reasons entirely different from anthropogenic CO2 emissions.

Hence, the current narrative of OA as an anthropogenic process driven by increased CO2 emissions to the atmosphere and subsequent dissolution in the ocean is only applicable partially to the coastal ocean where anthropogenic impacts on pH have multiple sources and vary in intensity and direction.

Abstract: An evaluation of analyses sponsored by the predecessor to the U.K. Department for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs (DEFRA) of the global impacts of climate change under various mitigation scenarios (including CO2 stabilization at 550 and 750 ppm) coupled with an examination of the relative costs associated with different schemes to either mitigate climate change or reduce vulnerability to various climate - sensitive hazards (namely, malaria, hunger, water shortage, coastal flooding, and losses of global forests and coastal wetlands) indicates that, at least for the next few decades, risks and / or threats associated with these hazards would be lowered much more effectively and economically by reducing current and future vulnerability to those hazards rather than through stabilization.

The current debate around the Kinder Morgan Trans Mountain Pipeline centres around political posturing, provincial jurisdiction, investment priorities, climate change, coastal protection and consent by First Nations communities, but when the pipeline was originally being built in 1952, civil defence and the threat of war with the Soviet Union was a going concern.