Sentences with phrase «by coastal ecosystems»

The restoration of the Mississippi River Delta and the storage of blue carbon (the carbon captured by coastal ecosystems) is of national significance.

In fact, marine heatwaves experienced in Australia have already caused massive dieback of these important marine primary producers, threatening the socioeconomic benefits provided by coastal ecosystems.

Not exact matches

By providing a setting for the salt marsh to migrate, Rough Meadows is projected to play a key role in assisting this important coastal ecosystem threatened by sea level rise, while also providing tangible public health and safety benefits by storing flood waters and blunting storm surge in the important years aheaBy providing a setting for the salt marsh to migrate, Rough Meadows is projected to play a key role in assisting this important coastal ecosystem threatened by sea level rise, while also providing tangible public health and safety benefits by storing flood waters and blunting storm surge in the important years aheaby sea level rise, while also providing tangible public health and safety benefits by storing flood waters and blunting storm surge in the important years aheaby storing flood waters and blunting storm surge in the important years ahead.

That's the advice of coastal ecologists and geologists to those who are planning the clean - up of the Gulf ecosystems threatened by the Deepwater Horizon oil spill.

Unsustainable aquaculture practices, overfishing and destructive harvesting threaten coastal and marine ecosystems, with projections that, if current fishing practices continue, there will be no exploitable fish stocks in the region by 2048.

But the high death count and presence of myriad secondary infections have led some researchers to suspect a wider problem — namely, a coastal ecosystem possibly sickened by human activity.

The project will develop ways to quantify the amount of carbon that these marine ecosystems can sequester, and to value the ecosystem services provided by coastal habitats.

Invasive plant species can be a source of valuable ecosystem functions where native coastal habitats such as salt marshes and oyster reefs have severely declined, a new study by scientists at Duke University and the University of North Carolina - Wilmington finds.

The Argentine ant's takeover of coastal California is marked by small shifts in the local, native ecosystem.

For now, they are hoping to expand on the land and marine units by creating new categories for coastal and freshwater ecosystems.

The aquarium trade and other wildlife consumers are at a crossroads forced by threats from global climate change and other anthropogenic stressors that have weakened coastal ecosystems.

Reducing stressors that exacerbate ocean acidification conditions — Managers can support the resilience of reefs by reducing other stressors that affect marine ecosystems (e.g., declining water quality, coastal pollution, and overfishing of important species and functional groups, such as herbivores.

Coral reefs provide an important ecosystem for life underwater, protect coastal areas by reducing the power of waves hitting the coast, and provide a crucial source of income for millions of people.

The coastal ecosystems of mangroves, seagrass meadows and tidal marshes mitigate climate change by sequestering carbon dioxide (CO2) from the atmosphere and oceans at significantly higher rates, per unit area, than terrestrial forests (Figure 1).

14.2 by 2020, sustainably manage and protect marine and coastal ecosystems to avoid significant adverse impacts, including by strengthening their resilience, and take action for their restoration, to achieve healthy and productive oceans

The students are being produced by a new pedagogical ecosystem — almost entirely extracurricular — that has developed online and in the country's rich coastal cities and tech meccas.

This unique coastal place has three diverse ecosystems, beach - mangroves and coastal reef that are connected to each other by the ever changing mudflats and tidal lagoons.

[76] Reintroduction of sea otters to British Columbia has led to a dramatic improvement in the health of coastal ecosystems, [77] and similar changes have been observed as sea otter populations recovered in the Aleutian and Commander Islands and the Big Sur coast of California [65] However, some kelp forest ecosystems in California have also thrived without sea otters, with sea urchin populations apparently controlled by other factors.

[6] The most pressing threat to kelp forest preservation may be the overfishing of coastal ecosystems, which by removing higher trophic levels facilitates their shift to depauperate urchin barrens.

Reintroduction of sea otters to British Columbia has led to a dramatic improvement in the health of coastal ecosystems, [143] and similar changes have been observed as sea otter populations recovered in the Aleutian and Commander Islands and the Big Sur coast of California [144] However, some kelp forest ecosystems in California have also thrived without sea otters, with sea urchin populations apparently controlled by other factors.

Enjoy scenic waterfalls, breathtaking canyon trails, lush valley views, and coastal ecosystems guided by locals.

They will do that by taking a close look at restrictions on building in hazardous coastal areas, making coastal structures more storm - proof, protecting and enhancing coastal wetlands and other ecosystem features that can buffer storm impacts, and creating financial incentives to promote protective behaviors.

Sea - level rise threatens the long - term viability of island communities by exacerbating the impacts of coastal storms, flooding infrastructure and ecosystems, and contaminating freshwater supplies with seawater.

A new analysis by dozens of scientists provides a useful update on measured and anticipated impacts of human - driven climate change on ecosystems from western forests to coastal waters.

The ecosystem services provided by coastal habitats are especially vulnerable to sea - level rise and more severe storms.

Dr. Geh Min, former president of Singapore Nature Society, highlighted the unique role of tropical mangrove ecosystems in providing wildlife habitat, curbing coastal erosion caused by intense wave actions or surface runoff, acting as a natural purifier of water, while serving as sitea for human recreation.

The side - by - side display of historical and current remote - sensing images highlights forest degradation, wetland drainage, and shrinking lakes to the impacts of refugees on fragile ecosystems and signs of coastal degradation.

Not only does this work help stabilize the coastal ecosystem, but it also serves to improve food security and the prospects for peace, and builds on one of Adeso's largest projects funded by the European - Commission — Your Environment Is Your Life.

FOERDIA's findings match those of a 2015 study carried out by the Center for International Forestry Research (CIFOR) that calculated Indonesia's mangroves as storing 3.14 billion tons of carbon — a third of the carbon stored in coastal ecosystems worldwide.

«Only by doing that do I strongly believe that sustainable management of coastal ecosystems and small island nations can be fully protected,» he said.

Recalling the concern reflected in the outcome document of the United Nations Conference on Sustainable Development, entitled «The future we want», 1 that the health of oceans and marine biodiversity are negatively affected by marine pollution, including marine debris, especially plastic, persistent organic pollutants, heavy metals and nitrogen - based compounds, from numerous marine and land - based sources, and the commitment to take action to significantly reduce the incidence and impacts of such pollution on marine ecosystems, Noting the international action being taken to promote the sound management of chemicals throughout their life cycle and waste in ways that lead to the prevention and minimization of significant adverse effects on human health and the environment, Recalling the Manila Declaration on Furthering the Implementation of the Global Programme of Action for the Protection of the Marine Environment from Land - based Activities adopted by the Third Intergovernmental Review Meeting on the Implementation of the Global Programme of Action for the Protection of the Marine Environment from Land - based Activities, which highlighted the relevance of the Honolulu Strategy and the Honolulu Commitment and recommended the establishment of a global partnership on marine litter, Taking note of the decisions adopted by the eleventh Conference of the Parties to the Convention on Biological Diversity on addressing the impacts of marine debris on marine and coastal biodiversity, Recalling that the General Assembly declared 2014 the International Year of Small Island Developing States and that such States have identified waste management among their priorities for action, Noting with concern the serious impact which marine litter, including plastics stemming from land and sea - based sources, can have on the marine environment, marine ecosystem services, marine natural resources, fisheries, tourism and the economy, as well as the potential risks to human health; 1.

Forest Trends» Coastal and Marine Initiative aims to protect marine ecosystem services by harnessing markets and private sector investment to complement conventional coastal and marine management methods.

GreenWave aims to restore ocean ecosystems and create jobs in coastal communities by transforming fishers into restorative ocean farms.

«Changes in basal melting are helping to change the properties of Antarctic bottom water, which is one component of the ocean's overturning circulation,» said author Stan Jacobs, an oceanographer at Columbia University's Lamont - Doherty Earth Observatory in Palisades, N.Y. «In some areas it also impacts ecosystems by driving coastal upwelling, which brings up micronutrients like iron that fuel persistent plankton blooms in the summer.»

ESM 254 - Coastal Marine Ecosystem Processes [4 units] Lenihan Examination of physical, chemical and geological processes in coastal ecosystems, including estuaries, that are influenced by human activities.

Melting in Greenland has implications for sea life, fisheries, and coastal communities worldwide, by contributing to global sea - level rise and adding freshwater to ocean ecosystems.

The Surfrider Foundation immediately responded to the threat by issuing an action alert, opposition resources, and taking the lead on organizing robust statewide coalitions across the coastal U.S. to help proponents of healthy ocean and coastal ecosystems rise up in unified, widespread, bipartisan, cross-sectoral opposition to any new offshore drilling or seismic activity.

Whereas some coastal dead zones could be recovered by control of fertilizer usage, expanded low - oxygen areas caused by global warming will remain for thousands of years to come, adversely affecting fisheries and ocean ecosystems far into the future.

A World Bank report said in February 2015 that climate change is likely to increase river salinity leading to shortages of drinking water and irrigation and significant changes in aquatic ecosystems in the southwest coastal areas during the dry season by 2050.

Whereas these effects on open - ocean pH are calculated to be minor, they can be higher, at rates of 0.02 — 0.12 × 10 − 3 pH units per year (< 10 % of OA by anthropogenic CO2), in coastal ecosystems (Doney et al. 2007), where atmospheric deposition is intense and the waters can be more weakly buffered.

Hence, the pH dynamics of coastal ecosystems are not captured adequately by current models projecting changes through the twenty - first century.

The strong controls that ecosystem metabolism and watershed processes exert on the pH in coastal ecosystems suggest that strategies based on the management of ecosystem components and watershed processes may help buffer the impacts of OA by anthropogenic CO2 locally, an option not available for the open ocean.

Unlike pelagic ecosystems, coastal ecosystems are often dominated by benthic ecosystems, including engineering species (e.g. corals, seagrass, macroalgae, salt marshes, mangroves, sponges, oyster reefs) with the capacity to modulate the chemical and physical conditions of their environment (Gutiérrez et al. 2011).

In contrast, the revised paradigm of anthropogenic impacts on seawater pH accommodates the full range of realized and future trends in pH of both open - ocean and coastal ecosystems and provides an improved framework to understand and model the dynamic pH environment of coastal ecosystems, with observed daily fluctuations often exceeding the range of mean pH values estimated for the open ocean as a consequence of OA during the twenty - first century by GCMs (Price et al. 2012; Tables 1 and 2).

The water transported by marine fog into coastal ecosystems creates a cascade of ecological effects.

Coastal ecosystems may show acidification or basification, depending on the balance between the invasion of coastal waters by anthropogenic CO2, watershed export of alkalinity, organic matter and CO2, and changes in the balance between primary production, respiration and calcification rates in response to changes in nutrient inputs and losses of ecosystem components.

However, the conditions predicted for the open ocean may not reflect the future conditions in the coastal zone, where many of these organisms live (Hendriks et al. 2010a, b; Hofmann et al. 2011; Kelly and Hofmann 2012), and results derived from changes in pH in coastal ecosystems often include processes other than OA, such as emissions from volcanic vents, eutrophication, upwelling and long - term changes in the geological cycle of CO2, which commonly involve simultaneous changes in other key factors affecting the performance of calcifiers, thereby confounding the response expected from OA by anthropogenic CO2 alone.

This new concept of anthropogenic impacts on seawater pH formulated here accommodates the broad range of mechanisms involved in the anthropogenic forcing of pH in coastal ecosystems, including changes in land use, nutrient inputs, ecosystem structure and net metabolism, and emissions of gases to the atmosphere affecting the carbon system and associated pH. The new paradigm is applicable across marine systems, from open - ocean and ocean - dominated coastal systems, where OA by anthropogenic CO2 is the dominant mechanism of anthropogenic impacts on marine pH, to coastal ecosystems where a range of natural and anthropogenic processes may operate to affect pH.

We propose here a new paradigm of anthropogenic impacts on seawater pH. This new paradigm provides a canonical approach towards integrating the multiple components of anthropogenic forcing that lead to changes in coastal pH. We believe that this paradigm, whilst accommodating that of OA by anthropogenic CO2, avoids the limitations the current OA paradigm faces to account for the dynamics of coastal ecosystems, where some ecosystems are not showing any acidification or basification trend whilst others show a much steeper acidification than expected for reasons entirely different from anthropogenic CO2 emissions.

Whereas detection of OA by anthropogenic CO2 has been achieved in open - ocean time series, we contend that it has not yet been achieved reliably in coastal ecosystems and that attribution of observed changes in vulnerable organisms to OA has been confounded in the past by failure to acknowledge the different components of anthropogenic impacts on pH possibly involved.