Brief report: Peer group influences and adolescent internalizing problems as mediated
by effortful control.
Differences between alleles were not related to the child's self - regulation as assessed
by the effortful control measure.
Not exact matches
System 2, which corresponds closely with
controlled processes, is slow,
effortful, conscious, rule - based and also can be employed to monitor the quality of the answer provided
by System 1.
Effects of parent training on callous - unemotional traits,
effortful control, and conduct problems: Mediation
by parenting.
Also, the higher order temperamental factor of
effortful control was significantly and negatively associated with ODD problems as rated
by teachers.
Effects of Parent Training on Callous - Unemotional Traits,
Effortful Control, and Conduct Problems: Mediation
by Parenting.
Finally, our data on temperament, CU traits and ODD - related problems highlight the importance of broadening the analysis of early temperamental vulnerability factors beyond fearlessness,
by also considering protective factors, such as
effortful control, and its subcomponents.
Warm, positive parenting can help reduce behaviour problems but the effect of parental behaviour is facilitated
by children's
effortful control.
For example, of 16 possible temperament
by parenting interactions assessed, Kiff and colleagues found only three that were significant in predicting change in anxiety: two for the temperament
effortful control and one for irritability.
Second, relations between the broad temperament dimensions (negative affectivity, surgency, and
effortful control) and externalizing and internalizing problem behaviors were examined and compared between clinically referred and general population children
by using multigroup path analyses in M - plus 6.11 [34].
The third dimension,
effortful control (self - regulation), represents the ability to voluntarily regulate behavioral reactivity and attention, expressed
by the inhibition of a dominant response and activation of a subdominant response [15].
We also considered possible additive and / or interactive contributions of child dispositional anger and psychosocial adversity, and whether relations between
effortful control and early externalizing problems were moderated
by child gender.
Individual differences in children's
effortful control abilities, assessed using behavioral and parent rating measures, were negatively associated with child externalizing problems reported
by mothers, fathers, and preschool teachers.
In young children, age three through seven, three broad temperament dimensions have been identified
by Rothbart and colleagues: negative affectivity, extraversion / surgency and
effortful control [13, 14].
In addition, there is evidence from population studies for trait -
by - trait moderation, such that negative affectivity is most strongly predicting externalizing problem behavior when
effortful control is low [24, 26].
High levels of negative affect and low levels of
effortful control at age 3 were statistical predictors of ODD levels at age 5, and this relationship was also moderated
by paternal anxiety and depression.