Sentences with phrase «by electrons»

A new support for biological specimens improves the resolution that can be achieved by electron microscopy.

This energy is absorbed by electrons involved in the reaction.

The new capability is particularly suitable for examining biological cells, bacteria and viruses, whose structure can be damaged by the electron beam.

The measurements revealed turbulence with short - to - long wavelengths caused by electron and ion heating, respectively.

I've never seen inside an atom but I believe it has a dense nucleus and is surrounded by electrons in multiple energy levels.

It's the result of a particular magnetic property of materials — the magnetic moment, a tiny magnetic field produced by electrons orbiting the nucleus of an atom.

To complete the circuit, the space left by electrons, referred to as holes, must also move to the positive part of the cell.

The new physics recognizes fields of influence such that an electron at one end of the universe is affected by an electron at the other end or any distance in between.

An initial laser pulse will trigger a reaction in the sample that is followed an instant later by an electron pulse to produce an image of that reaction.

Instead of relying on light waves emitted by electrons, it would use radiation emitted when the nucleus is excited to a high energy state, and then drops into a lower energy state.

This is due to a very special pattern created by electrons that carry electricity in graphene.

Materials are held together by electrons shared between atoms.

It is assumed that a complex exchange of energy, in which plasma waves are affected by electrons and ions and vice versa, takes place here.

In order for K - 40 to decay by electron capture, there has to be an electron (for the radioactive nucleus) to capture.

The speeds achieved by these electrons have led to comparisons to another novel electronic material, graphene.

The team also showed that the exchanged quantum vibrations were «virtual» — appearing only for fleeting moments — just like the vibrations exchanged by electrons.

The simulations revealed that energy likely was deposited by electrons traveling at about 20 percent of the speed of light.

The time required by the electrons to lower their energy level is directly related to the concentration of oxygen in the surrounding air.

How it works: An initial laser pulse triggers a reaction in a sample that is followed an instant later by an electron pulse to produce an image.

We use sound waves controlled by the electron energies to interpret the crystal, with echoes marking the passing high symmetry points.

What is meant by electron mobility is the amount of current that can be provided to the LED components.

The space left by an electron is known as a hole.

The next most common decay path is by electron capture.

Some have to do with the unity and diversity of life and material forms: the macroscopic web of diverse life - forms that is matched by the unity revealed by the electron microscope or the X-ray spectrometer.

The calculations in those studies said that the resistivity of the molten metal in Earth's core, which is generated by this electron scattering process, would be too low, and thus the thermal conductivity too high, to allow thermal convection to generate the magnetic field.

Single particles of the mediator of transcriptional regulation (Mediator) and of RNA polymerase II holoenzyme were revealed by electron microscopy and image processing.

Frigid temperatures of 7 kelvin -LRB--266 °C) help this clunky forward motion by effectively freezing the wheels in place except when excited by the electron pulse and during their subsequent self - adjustment.

At these «beamlines» scientists harvest X-rays produced by the electrons as they pass through carefully controlled magnetic fields (see «Europe's shining new light», New Scientist, 14 March 1992).

They are supported only by electron degeneracy pressure, causing them to be extremely dense.

Both galactic and extragalactic processes produce light in the same way — namely, by electrons spiraling around magnetic field lines — so the galactic subtraction is especially error - prone.

The most accurate atomic clock we have now is regulated by the electrons of a single aluminium ion as they move between two different orbits with sharply defined energy levels.

These bursts must have been caused by electrons with energies of 1000 teraelectronvolts or more, about 100 times the energies that the protons inside the LHC will attain at full power.

«Our strategy is then to look for the products of interactions that are initiated by electron antineutrinos.»

But it wouldn't make sense if the effect were being caused by electron antineutrinos morphing into sterile ones, in which case the deficit should be constant over time, he explains.

Members of Paul Sullam's lab at UCSF provided the clinical perspective, members of Maofu Liao's lab at Harvard characterized the targeting complex by electron microscopy, and members of Parastoo Azadi's lab at Georgia analyzed the sugar modifications.

[2] Photo - induced regeneration of hormones by electron transfer processes: Potential biological and medical consequences.

Like a stoic cow in a fly - ridden pasture, the nucleus of an atom is rarely perturbed by the electrons that buzz around it.

The single - atom moving finger of the nc - AFM could feel not only the individual atoms but the forces representing the bonds formed by the electrons shared between them.

For the first time, the formation of high - lying Rydberg atoms by electron - ion recombination during the cluster expansion initially triggered by an intense XUV pulse was identified, giving new insight into the cluster dissociation process.

The current world record is held by the Electron Microscopy Group at Oak Ridge National Laboratory, where STEM images have been produced with a resolution in the range of 0.6 angstrom — less than one - millionth the width of a human hair.

Klare JP, Bordignon E, Engelhard M, Steinhoff HJ (2011) Transmembrane signal transduction in archaeal phototaxis: The sensory rhodopsin II - transducer complex studied by electron paramagnetic resonance spectroscopy.

The results of this study have been set out in a paper «Phenolic Composition and Related Antioxidant Properties in Differently Coloured Lettuces: A Study by Electron Paramagnetic Resonance (EPR) Kinetics» recently published by the Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry.

As a student in Soviet Bratislava, Makuwa says she was fascinated by the electron microscope, a massive instrument that revealed startling insights through images: stringy cell membranes and steampunk viral injection systems.

It creates channels used by electrons and protons to reach the heart of the catalyst, where the reaction occurs.