Sentences with phrase «by enzymes called»

[66] The polysaccharides produced can have structural or metabolic functions themselves, or be transferred to lipids and proteins by enzymes called oligosaccharyltransferases.

In certain organisms, ammonia is produced from atmospheric nitrogen (N2) by enzymes called nitrogenases.

RNA is transcribed from DNA by enzymes called RNA polymerases and further processed by other enzymes.

For lactose to be digested, these two sugar molecules must be separated by an enzyme called lactase.

This inflammation is further amplified by an enzyme called tissue transglutaminase 2.

Triglycerides in the bloodstream are broken down by an enzyme called lipoprotein lipase, known as LPL, inside capillaries — the body's smallest blood vessels.

This sequence always inserts its DNA next to genes that are «read» by an enzyme called RNA polymerase III.

Ordinarily much of the clostridial toxin would be destroyed in the body by an enzyme called trypsin, to which it is very sensitive.

In general, D - Glu is supplied by an enzyme called Glu racemases.

Furthermore, the research revealed the part of the EMSY protein is changed by an enzyme called protein kinase A.

Using standard techniques, she copied the DNA into RNA, which can be readily cleaved by an enzyme called ribonuclease H.

The scientists found when Numb is reduced or methylated by an enzyme called Set8, it will no longer protect p53.

They discovered, for example, that SHOT - RNAs are created by an enzyme called Angiogenin whose activity is promoted by sex hormone signaling pathways.

The transcription is performed by an enzyme called RNA polymerase.

These sites are recognized by an enzyme called Cre recombinase, which binds to them and inverts the genetic sequence between them.

This peptide can gain access to the gut - associated lymphoid tissue, is recognized by an enzyme called transglutaminase, and this complex stimulates a T - cell mediated immune response, perpetuating chronic inflammation and autoimmunity.

The phosphate group is removed from creatine phosphate by an enzyme called creatine kinase, and is transferred to ADP to form ATP.

This conversion happens as men get older, and is catalyzed by an enzyme called 5 - alpha reductase.

The levels of an important class of neurotransmitters called monoamines, which includes serotonin and dopamine, are controlled by an enzyme called monoamine oxidase (known as MAO) that breaks down any excess monoamines.

Any extra glucose that is absorbed into the lens is converted to sorbitol by an enzyme called aldose reductase.

In dogs with normal sugar metabolism, glucose in the lens is metabolized by an enzyme called hexokinase into small molecules that diffuse out of the lens.

Not exact matches

The whey proteins (also called milk serum proteins) are the proteins that remain soluble when caseins are coagulated by either enzyme or acid.

«Nerve agents» are chemical substances that interfere with the chemistry of the human nervous system by binding with an enzyme called acetylcholinesterase.

Chen and his colleagues, postdocs Xiongyi Huang, Jennifer Kan, and graduate student Ruijie Zhang, did this by giving the bacteria a copy of a gene that encodes an enzyme called cytochrome P450.

The drug works by inhibiting an enzyme called low molecular weight protein tyrosine phosphatase (LMPTP), which seems to contribute to cells losing their sensitivity to insulin.

Such reactions are specifically catalyzed by the large protein molecules called enzymes, many of which have now been purified and also studied.

Gene expression is the process where information stored as DNA is converted (transcribed) by enzymes into related molecules called RNAs, and then into proteins that make up the body's structures and signals.

Fischetti and his colleagues used a phage - encoded molecule to identify a bacterial target enzyme called 2 - epimerase, which is used by Bacillus anthracis to synthesize an essential cell wall structure.

They also helped to break down the poison, known more precisely as TCDD, by producing powerful enzymes called cytochrome P450s, which are normally confined to the liver.

Published in Molecular Neurobiology, the study led by Dr Elodie Siney under the supervision of Dr Sandrine Willaime - Morawek, Lecturer in Stem Cells and Brain Repair at the University, analysed how enzymes called ADAMs affect the movement and function of the human tumor cells.

The pill works in mice by blocking the action of an enzyme called ghrelin that regulates appetite.

The enzyme is produced by white blood cells called neutrophils, which play an important role in inflammatory and immune responses and may be a key contributor to the development of muscular dystrophy.

To help visualize these brief, transient interactions, Li and Wahl turned to a molecule called luciferase, an enzyme that generates bioluminescence of the sort used by fireflies to make their bodies glow.

Meanwhile, Robert DiPaola, an oncologist at the Cancer Institute of New Jersey in New Brunswick, says that the doxorubicin shortage delayed a cancer trial testing an inhibitor of a family of DNA - repair enzymes called PARP proteins by five months.

An enzyme responsible for making hydrocarbons has been discovered by Texas A&M AgriLife Research scientists studying a common green microalga called Botryococcus braunii.

In 1996, Peter Klein of the University of Pennsylvania discovered that one of lithium's biological activities was inhibiting GSK - 3, an enzyme that modifies other proteins by attaching phosphate molecules, a process called phosphorylation.

An acidic environment is required for the cheese - making enzymes to work and for proteins to attract each other, so modern cheese makers start out by adding bacteria that work to get the milk to a comfy (low) pH. Then they add a substance usually harvested from veal stomachs called rennet, a mixture of enzymes that slice the ends off caseins, a kind of milk protein.

Pirate is a member of a class of chemicals called pyrroles, which kill by tampering with several enzymes needed to manufacture the energy storage molecule ATP in cells» mitochondria.

A new study by researchers from Karolinska Institutet in Sweden shows that an enzyme called FIH determines how muscles consume oxygen.

Glyphosate works by stopping an enzyme called EPSPS that is crucial for production of aromatic amino acids in the shikimic acid pathway.

The study, led by Zhimin Lu, M.D., Ph.D., professor of Neuro - Oncology, identified a previously unreported linkage between two enzymes known as Gcn5 and alpha - ketoglutarate dehydrogenase (alpha - KGDH), providing important new information about a histone modification process called succinylation.

Koo's team had previously discovered that an enzyme, GftB, secreted by S. mutans, uses sugar from the diet to manufacture glue - like polymers called glucans.

The enzyme in the standard CRISPR toolkit, called spCas9 for its natural source, the bacterium Streptococcus pyogenes, can only land on genome segments that have at one end a specific three - base trio: N, where N is any of DNA's four bases, followed by two guanines (Gs).

Olaparib blocks this second repair pathway by inhibiting an enzyme called poly ADP ribose polymerase (PARP).

Another advance was the realization earlier by Gorfe in collaboration with J. Andrew McCammon of the University of California at San Diego and Barry Grant of the University of Michigan, as well as other scientists, that Ras is what's called an allosteric enzyme.

The HMS study reveals that the aberrant behavior of an enzyme called RIPK1 damages neuronal axons by disrupting the production of myelin, the soft gel - like substance enveloping axons to insulate them from injury.

During the course of evolution, building blocks of enzymes called amino acids are often swapped out and replaced by other amino acids.

They are neurotoxins: They poison the nervous system of both insects and humans by disabling an enzyme called cholinesterase that helps regulate signals between nerve cells.

«T4 must be converted to T3 by our bodies with an enzyme called deiodinase.»

The scientists speculated that when chromosome tips get too stubby — a process that can be reversed by telomerase, an enzyme made up of protein and RNA — cells cease replicating and enter a state called senescence (see» More Than a Sum of Our Cells»).