Sentences with phrase «by evolutionary»

Just as not all men are taller than all women (and yet men are taller than women, on average), men are expected by evolutionary psychologists to be more eager than women for indiscriminate casual sex, but only on average.

The Trivers - based sex difference explanation often proffered by evolutionary psychologists does not expect that all men will always be eagerly seeking promiscuous sex, nor does it imply that all women always eschew causal mating opportunities.

Guided by an evolutionary model of allostatic load, this study examined the hypothesis that the association between interparental aggression and subsequent changes in children's cortisol reactivity to interparental conflict is moderated by their temperamental dispositions.

In a previous article, I discussed theories of infidelity, focusing on the different perspectives offered by evolutionary psychologists and social - role theorists.

There is a popular perception that women reach their sexual peak after the age of 30 (men are thought to peak before 20) 1 and research supports this.2 Women are, in fact, shown to be more lustful in their early 30s; a phenomenon that can be explained by evolutionary theory.

He goes on to list the tiredest old creationist canards, each of which has been answered a thousand times by evolutionary biologists.

Not all of these differences affect traits — some mutations are silent or are not coded into proteins — these build up over time by a process called genetic drift, and are not acted on by evolutionary selection.

I suspect that the hard science actually work by an evolutionary survival of the fittest process, with the stuff that is of actual utility winning out.

Psychological and sociological studies have revealed deeply ingrained human traits, many shaped by our evolutionary history as a «here and now» species, that prevent us from acting rationally in the face of threats with long time scales, dispersed impacts and inherent complexity.

Ultimately economic growth is something we do because 1) we are driven by our evolutionary instincts

Ultimately economic growth is something we do because 1) we are driven by our evolutionary instincts and 2) it makes us happy 3) it makes life easier.

The ways in which mating is accomplished, however, are incredibly variable; study of this variability by evolutionary biologists has greatly advanced our understanding of the evolution of behavior, social evolution, and traits such as number, size of young and patterns of investment in them.

Psychological studies * and surveys have revealed deeply ingrained human traits, many shaped by our evolutionary history as a «here and now» species, that prevent us from acting rationally in the face of threats with long time scales, dispersed impacts and inherent complexity.

Heart shapes become leaves and anchors turn into crosses, breaking down the dividing lines between one form and the next while suggesting that even lowly objects are governed by evolutionary principles.

But, how change «changes» your reality isn't as explicit or defined as it is affected by evolutionary forces of which you play an important part.

Island dwarfism is thought to result from intense natural selection caused by evolutionary pressures of living on islands (e.g., increased competition for limited resources)[43].

Approaches inspired by evolutionary biology [21] have generally stressed the role of social influence (fashion) in individual choices.

The debate and tardy recognition of pain in animals was confounded by the evolutionary drive that animals have to mask pain.

The argument that dogs are designed by their evolutionary history to eat raw meat based diets is riddled with errors and fallacies and ignores the impact of tens of thousands of years of domestication and cohabitation with humans on the physiology of our canine friends.

Should we be worried or encouraged by the evolutionary process in the cold light of a British «spring» day?

The Genius of Charles Darwin is a three - part television documentary, written and presented by evolutionary biologist Richard Dawkins.

According to an explanatory model by evolutionary biologists, there is a valid explanation for why our nose is so important when it comes to choosing our partner.

Whether it is a display of courage to impress a potential mate in the animal kingdom, or seeking to become stronger and larger than the average man, there is little doubt that much male behaviour is governed at a primal level by the evolutionary drive to impress females to increase the potential for mating opportunities and thereby perpetuate your genes.

The specific health impairments that arise in pregnant women or their babies are probably determined by which nutrients are most deficient, and by evolutionary triage which directs nutrients toward their most important functions and systematically starves other functions.

Gluten, by evolutionary use and purpose, is a protein built to impair the digestive system of animals, so that some grains can get out of the gut indigested, able to sprout.

The finding that sexual isolation may be brought about by changes in at most a few genes argues against the evolution of new species in this manner by long - term runaway processes, as dictated by evolutionary dogma, Coyne said.

About BIOACID: Since 2009, more than 250 BIOACID scientists from 20 German research institutes have investigated how different marine organisms respond to ocean acidification and increasing carbon dioxide concentrations in seawater, how their performance is affected during their various life stages, how these reactions impact marine food webs and elemental cycles and whether they can be mitigated by evolutionary adaptation.

They respond to their environment by progression towards next developmental stages, by evolutionary adaptation, by malignant growth or eventually by death.

Lamarck's theory, however, has been rejected by evolutionary scientists because it is not nearly as powerful an explanation of evolution as natural selection.

«Deficient neuron - microglia signaling results in impaired functional brain connectivity and social behavior» Y. Zhan, R.C. Paolicelli, F. Sforazzini, L. Weinhard, G. Bolasco, F. Pagani, A. L. Vyssotski, A. Bifone, A. Gozzi, D. Ragozzino, C.T. Gross Nature Neuroscience 17 (3), 400-4006 (2014) «USPIO - loaded Red Blood Cells as a biomimetic MR contrast agent: a relaxometric study» A. Boni, D. Ceratti, A. Antonelli, C. Sfara, M. Magnani, E. Manuali, S. Salamida, A. Gozzi, and A. Bifone Contrast Media and Molecular Imaging 9, 229 - 236 (2014) «Distributed BOLD and CBV - weighted resting - state networks in the mouse brain» F. Sforazzini, A.J. Schwarz, A. Galbusera, A. Bifone, and A. Gozzi NeuroImage 87, 403 - 415 (2014) «Antimicrobial peptides design by evolutionary multiobject optimization» G. Maccari, M. Di Luca, R. Nifosì, F. Caldarelli, G. Signore, C. Boccardi, and A. Bifone PloS Computational Biology 9 (9): e1003212 (2013) «Differential effect of orexin - 1 and crf - 1 antagonism on stress circuits: a fMRI study in the rat with the pharmacological stressor yohimbine» A. Gozzi, S: Lepore, E: Merlo Pich, and A. Bifone Neuropsychopharmacology 38 (11): 2120 - 2130 (2013) «Water dispersal and functionalization of hydrophobic iron oxide nanoparticles with lipid - modified poly (amidoamine) dendrimers» A. Boni, L. Albertazzi, C. Innocenti, M. Gemmi, and A. Bifone.

The nearly equal frequency of conflicting gene trees suggests that speciation of rorqual evolution occurred under gene flow, which is best depicted by evolutionary networks.

Not all of these differences affect traits — some mutations are silent or are not coded into proteins — these build up over time by a process called genetic drift, and are not acted on by evolutionary selection.

So by the evolutionary descent definition it is a collection of individuals.

«Sleep scientists have ignored the fact that sleep could be affected by evolutionary relationships,» says Capellini.

A provocative study by evolutionary biologists at McMaster University takes on one of Charles Darwin's central ideas: that males adapt and compete for the attention of females because it is the females who ultimately choose their mates and the time of mating.

We — human and nonhuman animals alike — do seem to have a shared ability, grounded in our biology and helped along by evolutionary pressures, to tell apart «some» and «many» or even small amounts of something.

By scraping off cyamids from the bodies of stranded right whales around the world and sequencing one of their mitochondrial genes, a team led by evolutionary biologist Jon Seger of the University of Utah in Salt Lake City built up a cyamid family tree.

Details of an organism's embryonic development often reveal traits carried by its evolutionary ancestors; consider, for instance, how human embryos initially develop gill - like slits and a tail.

One such was a theory by evolutionary biologist Robert Trivers, which claimed a bigger parental investment by females than males.

The genetic investigation, led by evolutionary biologist Kevin Omland of the University of Maryland, Baltimore County, included tissue samples from ravens across North America and Eurasia.

For the new study, a team led by evolutionary biologist Anna Karnkowska, a postdoc, and her adviser, Vladimir Hampl, of Charles University in Prague, checked another candidate, a species in the genus Monocercomonoides.

And don't think that the belly button lint collection is an adaptation by evolutionary natural selection.

Researchers led by evolutionary biologist Alexandre Courtiol of the Institute for Advanced Study Berlin picked this time period because agriculture was well established by then and there were strict rules against divorce and extramarital affairs.

«It makes me optimistic that they can adapt by evolutionary change,» Mills says.

Skeletal and genetic evidence puts these apes on a separate evolutionary trajectory from other orangutans in Sumatra (Pongo abelii) and Bornean orangutans (Pongo pygmaeus), says a team led by evolutionary anthropologist Michael Krützen of the University of...

«I can appreciate these results because they illustrate and reinforce, using comparisons of closely related species, something that has been doubted by some evolutionary biologists in the past, namely the fact that plasticity itself can evolve,» says Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute theoretical biologist Mary Jane West - Eberhard, who was not involved in the study.

Those findings, some by evolutionary biologist Seth Bordenstein of Vanderbilt University in Nashville, show that «there's this potential for [microbes] to influence behavior in this complex and vast way,» he says.

«We are governed by evolutionary principles.

Who you find attractive, say psychobiologists, is largely dictated by evolutionary needs and hardwired into your brain

This shows that the microbes in our guts are determined in part by our evolutionary history, not just external factors like diet, medicine and geography.