Dietary intake
by food frequency questionnaire and odds ratios for coronary heart disease risk.
The finding was consistent whether coffee intake was determined by 24 - hour recall or
by food frequency questionnaire.
Data on maternal diet in pregnancy were collected
by a food frequency questionnaire (FFQ) at 32 weeks gestation, covering all the main foods consumed in Britain [13].
Not exact matches
Information was collected on their height, weight,
food consumption
by self - reported
food frequency questionnaires, lifestyle and physical activity habits.
The men's diet was assessed
by means of a
food frequency questionnaire, and they were asked how often, on average, they had consumed how many portions of fruit and vegetables, using standard portion sizes such as one apple, or half an avocado.
Dietary data was collected
by means of a
food -
frequency questionnaire.
General Mills provided funding for coding of the
food -
frequency questionnaire completed
by study participants.
One cited study, which attributes stroke to excessive salt intake, is a meta - analysis of thirteen studies published between 1966 and 2008 in which most measurements of sodium intake were highly inaccurate estimates based on
food frequency questionnaires.22 The second is a review of fifty - two studies, which concluded that strokes are not caused
by excess sodium but rather
by insufficient potassium, a finding that is consistent with the preponderance of evidence.23 Cordain ignores more recent large clinical and epidemiological studies, which have found that sodium intakes of less than 3 grams per day significantly increase cardiovascular risk.3, 4
Bedard D, Shatenstein B, Nadon S. Underreporting of energy intake from a self - administered
food -
frequency questionnaire completed
by adults in Montreal.
Dietary glycemic load assessed
by food -
frequency questionnaire in relation to plasma high - density - lipoprotein cholesterol and fasting plasma triacylglycerols in post-menopausal women
Stratified analyses were also conducted
by methodologic quality, sex, type of dietary assessment tool (
food frequency questionnaires vs
food records and 24 - hour recall), continental region (North America, Europe, and Asia), and type of prevention strategy (primary vs secondary) to assess the influence of these factors on the observed associations between diet and CHD.
The researchers, from the Dutch National Institute of Public Health and the Environment, Utrecht University, University Medical Center Groningen, used
food frequency questionnaires completed
by the parents of 598 Dutch children aged 8 - 13 years.
For the 3 - month follow - up, mothers were contacted
by telephone and asked to complete a
food frequency questionnaire regarding their infant's dietary patterns.