Sentences with phrase «by galaxy clusters»

In the Universe, cosmic ray particles are accelerated by galaxy clusters, supernovae, binary stars, pulsars and certain types of supermassive black holes.

Fritz Zwicky used it for the first time to declare the observed phenomena consistent with dark matter observations as the rotational speeds of galaxies and orbital velocities of galaxies in clusters, gravitational lensing of background objects by galaxy clusters such as the Bullet cluster, and the temperature distribution of hot gas in galaxies and clusters of galaxies.

Its brightness and size are magnified by a galaxy cluster that lies in front of it.

Not exact matches

A newly released image from NASA Hubble telescope reveals that a huge cluster of galaxies called Abell 370, has an array of galaxies guarding it and is useful in studying far - flung galaxies by its gravitational lensing property.

A spiral galaxy (same goes for a spherical planet, a galaxy cluster, a comet) is shaped by forces big and small that rely on the physical properties of matter, energy, dark energy, and dark matter.

Today astronomers measure how much dark matter a cluster of galaxies may have by observing how the cluster bends light from more distant objects.

A Giant Galactic Ghost Intrigued by faint blurs on old photographic plates of the Virgo galaxy cluster, a nearby region teeming with galaxies, Oregon's Bothun and colleagues wondered if the apparitions might be smallish galaxies with «low surface brightness» — astronomer - speak for emitting less light per unit area than typical galaxies.

But if you have clusters of black holes at the centers of galaxies, there are mechanisms by which some could rapidly grow, form binaries and merge with each other.»

Clusters of galaxies are large self - gravitating systems in which galaxies and ionized gas are bound by massive amounts of dark matter.

The Galactic Cushion The Hubble Space Telescope recently beamed back pictures of 29 dwarf galaxies in the Perseus Cluster that, by all appearances, should have been torn to shreds by the gravitational tidal forces of their giant neighbors.

Most of the universes» galaxies, which each contain billions of stars, are surrounded by up to several thousands of so - called globular clusters, groups of up to a million suns packed into dense spheres by gravity.

The researchers speculate that the vagabond clusters were likely ripped loose from their parent galaxies by cosmic mayhem, such as the cannibalization of one galaxy by another.

Galaxies cluster into filaments or walls, separated by gigantic voids and tunnels.

Star clusters and galaxies both contain stars bound together by gravity, but while the members of a star cluster are thought to form simultaneously from a collapsing ball of gas, galaxies have richer histories.

Separated by hundreds of light years, the individual galaxies sailed right past each other, and the two clusters parted ways.

By studying this particular cluster — and others nearby — astronomers can explore the properties of the spiral disc of our galaxy, the Milky Way.

The wind, or ram pressure, is caused by the galaxy's orbital motion through hot gas in the cluster.

Its unusual combination of features are thought to have been caused by interactions between NGC 4388 and other galaxies in the Virgo Cluster.

MOND is the idea that the faster - than - expected motion of stars and galaxies, and galaxies in clusters, is caused not by the gravitational tug of invisible dark matter but by a modification of gravity or inertia not predicted by Newton.

The surprise implication: We are plunging — literally — in the direction of Leo at a rate of 375 miles per second, drawn in by the gravitational pull of vast clusters and superclusters of galaxies.

The fast cessation of star formation experienced by satellite galaxies can be explained by «ram - pressure stripping,» which is loss of star - forming gas within a galaxy as it moves within a denser environment, such as a cluster.

A spheroidal ring projection would mirror the strings of clusters of galaxies seen to surround voids in the universe; voids and string - like formations are seen and predicted by many models of the cosmos.

The pair, discovered by astronomer William Herschel in 1784, form part of the Virgo Cluster, a gravitationally bound collection of nearly 2000 individual galaxies.

Getting a high - resolution spectrum was possible thanks to a fortunate trick of nature: The light of the distant object is magnified 50 times by the gravity of a galaxy cluster halfway between the Earth and cB58.

In the end success was secured by the fact that the stone - dead galaxy was positioned behind a foreground cluster of other galaxies — a cluster which functioned as a «natural lens» by amplifying as well as enlarging the image of MACS2129 - 1.

And since the color and brightness of young clusters gives their ages — and therefore, the time since a collision began — astronomers hope to put together a series of snapshots of the entire collision process by looking at many examples of merging galaxies.

Lauer thinks this large - scale motion is caused by the gravitational pull of mass clustered on a scale that is even larger than the scale of his survey — which would make it larger than predicted by most theories of galaxy formation.

However, through the phenomenon known as «gravitational lensing,» a massive, foreground cluster of galaxies acts as a natural «zoom lens» in space by magnifying and stretching images of far more distant background galaxies.

However, Lauer says that the net velocity of the clusters indicates that the clumping of galaxies is occurring on a much larger scale than that found by Geller and Huchra.

It said that everything that happens in the cosmos at large — be it an apple falling from a tree on Earth or the distant whirling of a cluster of galaxies — happens because stuff follows invisible contortions in space and time that are caused by the presence of other stuff.

Stars are organised into galaxies, which in turn form clusters and superclusters that are separated by immense voids.

By studying the distribution of the x-ray emitting gas and the individual galaxies in the cluster, the team also concluded that El Gordo is actually two clusters in collision.

The study led by Donahue looked at far - ultraviolet light from a variety of massive elliptical galaxies found in the Cluster Lensing And Supernova Survey with Hubble (CLASH), which contains elliptical galaxies in the distant universe.

By that logic, globular clusters — swarms of metal - poor stars as old as our galaxy — are the last place one would expect to find planets.

Among other things, the new map will help astronomers to understand and explain the motion of the Milky Way, which is apparently being tugged by the gravity of neighboring groups and clusters of galaxies, says 2MASS team member Karen Masters of the University of Portsmouth in the United Kingdom, who presented the it here at the summer meeting of the American Astronomical Society.

El Gordo consists of two clusters in collision, as revealed by the two separate swarms of individual galaxies (red) and the asymmetric cloud of hot, x-ray emitting gas (blue) in between.

A striking image presented here 3 June at the meeting of the American Astronomical Society shows a globular cluster known as Palomar 5 being torn asunder by tidal forces of our home galaxy.

Aided by large telescopes and new technologies, they found them, especially in large galaxy clusters.

All the clusters» movements could be explained solely by the mass of the galaxy's observed stars.

«High - energy neutrinos are produced along with gamma rays by extremely high - energy radiation known as cosmic rays in objects like star - forming galaxies, galaxy clusters, supermassive black holes, or gamma - ray bursts.

That dip was caused by blobs of hot plasma emitted by the galaxy's black hole, which were magnified by a cluster of stars acting as a cosmic lens between Earth and the galaxy, researchers suggest.

To measure the dark matter in hundreds of galaxy clusters and continue this investigation, Durham University has just finished helping to build the new SuperBIT telescope, which gets a clear view by rising above the Earth's atmosphere under a giant helium balloon.

In other words, the centre of the visible parts of each galaxy cluster and the centre of the total mass of the cluster — including its dark matter halo — are offset, by as much as 40,000 light - years.

«This indicates that, rather than a dense region in the centre of the galaxy cluster, as predicted by the cold dark matter model, there is a much shallower central density.

Dynamical analysis for nonisolated galaxies demonstrates the feasibility of their ejection from host clusters and groups by three - body encounters, which is in agreement with numerical simulations.

Further observations by lead researcher Cheng - Jiun Ma provided the critical clue: The temperatures of the constituent gas clouds — whose collective mass far outweighs the galaxies — suggested that the researchers were looking at multiple clusters colliding.

By gathering energetic X-rays, it will study the physics of black holes, the evolution of galaxy clusters, and the formation of heavy elements — crucial for life — in exploding stars.

In the 1970s Peebles and his collaborators discovered statistical evidence that galaxies cluster in a heirarchical way, and showed how this order could be explained by gravitational clustering.

Galaxy clusters are the most massive objects in the universe, containing hundreds to thousands of galaxies, bound together by gravity.

The telescope has helped researchers detect such clusters by exploiting a phenomenon known as the Sunyaev - Zel «dovich effect, which causes massive galaxy clusters to leave an impression on the cosmic microwave background: a faint, universe - spanning glow of light left over from the big bang.