Sentences with phrase «by greenhouse gases such»

During a 10 - year investigation detailed in the latest issue of the Journal of Geophysical Research, Stanford University scientist Mark Jacobson isolated the widespread warming effects from all sources of soot â $» the visible residue of burned wood, crops, oil, biomass and other fuels â $» from the climate impacts caused by greenhouse gases such as carbon dioxide and methane.

The heat caused by infrared radiation is absorbed by greenhouse gases such as water vapor, carbon dioxide, ozone and methane, which slows its escape from the atmosphere.

We all have been told that the greenhouse effect is due to the absorption of outgoing infrared radiation by greenhouse gases such as carbon dioxide in the atmosphere.

Not exact matches

It remains too soon to tell exactly how this climate system will work under changed conditions and other environmental factors — such as whether the cooling effect of the soot generated by industry and burning forests outweighs the warming effect of greenhouse gases — which may play large roles.

Since 1950, world population has risen by a factor of 2.7, but our use of materials such as metals and oil has quadrupled, and greenhouse gas emissions are up more than fivefold.

Ultimately, if steel could be produced by such a process, it could have a major impact, because «steel - making is the number one source of anthropogenic carbon dioxide,» the main greenhouse gas, Sadoway says.

Ruling in a suit brought by Massachusetts over the regulation of car emissions, the court said that the EPA has the authority to regulate such climate - destabilizing greenhouse gases as carbon dioxide — something the agency had denied.

Some recent papers have argued that such meltdowns could happen by the end of this century, if not in the next few decades, as a result of the greenhouse gases piling up in the atmosphere.

On Tuesday, the governments of California and six other western states as well as four Canadian provinces proposed a new plan to cut greenhouse gas emissions by 15 percent below 2005 levels by 2020 using a similar cap - and - trade market — and would expand such regulations to encompass not just CO2 from power plants but also cars and trucks as well as other greenhouse gases, such as potent methane.

That's reducing to 427 million metric tons of carbon dioxide and other greenhouse gases emitted per year; current emissions in the state are roughly 525 million metric tons of greenhouse gases and have been projected to exceed 600 million metric tons by 2020 without such efforts.

The low - carbon fuel standard orders providers to reduce the carbon intensity of their fuels by 10 percent by 2020 through efforts such as blending in biofuels that result in less greenhouse gases emitted when burned.

The effect of these small orbital changes was amplified by positive feedbacks, such as changes in greenhouse gas levels.

Since methane is a greenhouse gas 25 times as potent as carbon dioxide, such a scenario would trigger a «climate catastrophe», they say, increasing the methane content of the planet's atmosphere twelve-fold, and raising temperatures by 1.3 ˚C.

A lifecycle analysis conducted by EWG that took into account the production and distribution of 20 common agricultural products found that red meat such as beef and lamb is responsible for 10 to 40 times as many greenhouse gas emissions as common vegetables and grains.

The trend worries many local environmental groups, such as California's Surfrider Foundation or Australia's Nature Conservation Council of NSW, which are concerned about protecting nearby ecosystems by safely disposing the concentrated brine left from the process as well as increased fossil - fuel use and the resulting greenhouse gas emissions.

The low - carbon electricity produced by such reactors provides 20 percent of the nation's power and, by the estimates of climate scientist James Hansen of Columbia University, avoided 64 billion metric tons of greenhouse gas pollution.

China and much of the developing world would like to see industrialized countries cut their greenhouse gas emissions 40 percent below 1990 levels by 2020, but analysts say such drastic cuts are unlikely to fly with U.S. politicians.

After six years of running such simulations, the verdict is in: Increasing greenhouse gas concentrations as a result of burning fossil fuels and cutting down forests increased the risks of flooding in two out of three model runs by more than 90 percent.

BURNING UP The heat radiated by burning fossil fuels such as natural gas, shown, is overshadowed within months by the greenhouse gas effect of the released carbon dioxide, new research shows.

When ruminants digest their feed, methane is formed as a natural by - product of the microbial process in the rumen, and since methane is a 25 times more powerful greenhouse gas than carbon dioxide, there is a need to devise methods to reduce such emissions from cattle.

For example, Dow Chemical Co. has saved approximately $ 4 billion in energy costs between 1994 and 2005 by cutting greenhouse gas emissions 32 percent and its chemical industry competitor DuPont saved $ 3 billion between 1990 and 2005 while cutting such emissions 60 percent.

The next step, Wright notes, is to look at a more complete assessment of beaver meadows» carbon budget that takes into account the greenhouse gases emitted by microbes that tend to thrive in moist sediments such as natural wetlands and rice paddies.

And, although a few projects such as the Sleipner gas field in the North Sea or oil fields owned by the EnCana Corporation in Calgary, Alberta have proved that CO2 can be pumped underground and remain trapped below cap rock, they are aimed at enhancing recovery of the fossil fuels in those fields rather than permanently storing the greenhouse gas.

Greenhouse gases released by farming, such as methane from livestock and rice paddies, and nitrous oxides from fertilizers and other soil treatments rose 13 percent after 1990, the study concluded.

Regardless, the solar change is dwarfed by the impact from the extra heat trapped by CO2 alone since 1750: an additional 1.66 watts per square meter, an effect that other greenhouse gases, such as methane, strengthen further.

Such a glut of cellulosic biofuel, if realized, would reduce greenhouse gas emissions — compared with oil that otherwise would have been burned — by 44 teragrams (44 billion kilograms) per year.

The environmental group estimates that if all Americans adopted 14 such steps over the next decade the country would avoid one billion metric tons of greenhouse gas emissions by 2020 — or the equivalent of the entire annual greenhouse gas emissions of Germany.

New research suggests that offering financial incentives for farming industries to mitigate the impact agriculture has on the environment, by reducing fertiliser use and «sparing» land for conservation, for example, actually has a positive effect on critical areas such as greenhouse gas reduction and increased biodiversity.

-- For a covered entity described in section 700 (13)(C), 1 emission allowance for each ton of carbon dioxide equivalent of fossil fuel - based carbon dioxide, nitrous oxide, or any other fluorinated gas that is a greenhouse gas (except for nitrogen trifluoride), or any combination thereof, produced or imported by such covered entity during the previous calendar year for sale or distribution in interstate commerce.

-- Activities that receive support under this part shall not be issued offset credits for the greenhouse gas emissions reductions or avoidance, or greenhouse gas sequestration, produced by such activities.

Potent greenhouse gases, such as nitrogen oxides produced by denitrifying bacteria in overfertilized Chinese farming lands or methane released by archaea in the millions of ruminant animals in Australia and New Zealand, may have contributed substantially to global warming.

«(B) If as a result of such a study, the Administrator determines that the use of such products by noncovered sources results in substantial emissions of greenhouse gases and that such emissions have not been adequately addressed under other requirements of this Act, the Administrator may, after notice and comment rulemaking, promulgate a regulation reducing compensatory allowances commensurately if doing so will not result in shifting such emissions to noncovered sources.

«(A) the technical capacity to monitor, measure, report, and verify forest carbon fluxes for all significant sources of greenhouse gas emissions from deforestation with an acceptable level of uncertainty, as determined taking into account relevant internationally accepted methodologies, such as those established by the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change;

-- Activities that receive support under this subtitle shall not be issued offset credits for the greenhouse gas emissions reductions or avoidance, or greenhouse gas sequestration, produced by such activities.

-- Where carbon dioxide (or another greenhouse gas) generated by a covered entity is used as an input in the production of algae - based fuels, the Administrator shall ensure that emission allowances are required to be held either for the carbon dioxide generated by a covered entity that is used to grow the algae or for the portion of the carbon dioxide emitted from combustion of the fuel produced from such algae that is attributable to carbon dioxide generated by a covered entity, but not for both.

Planting perennial crops such as switchgrass near creeks increased greenhouse gas mitigation, water quality, beneficial insects and energy production, though it decreased total net income of farms in the study area by roughly $ 30 million.

A 2008 study led by James Hansen found that climate sensitivity to «fast feedback processes» is 3 °C, but when accounting for longer - term feedbacks (such as ice sheet disintegration, vegetation migration, and greenhouse gas release from soils, tundra or ocean), if atmospheric CO2 remains at the doubled level, the sensitivity increases to 6 °C based on paleoclimatic (historical climate) data.

Greenhouse gas levels may also have been affected by other factors which have been proposed as causes of ice ages, such as the movement of continents and vulcanism.

Most studies consider a range of anthropogenic forcing factors, including greenhouse gases and sulphate aerosol forcing, sometimes directly including the indirect forcing effect, such as Knutti et al. (2002, 2003), and sometimes indirectly accounting for the indirect effect by using a wide range of direct forcing (e.g., Andronova and Schlesinger, 2001; Forest et al., 2002, 2006).

The model found that long - term, less easily reversed behavioral changes, such as insulating homes or purchasing hybrid cars, had by far the most impact in mitigating greenhouse gas emissions and thus reducing climate change, versus more short - term adjustments, such as adjusting thermostats or driving fewer miles.

So although greenhouse gases, such as carbon dioxide, don't directly warm the oceans by channeling heat down into the oceans, they still do indeed heat the oceans, and are likely to do so for a very long time.

Forcings, measured in W / m2 averaged over the globe, are imposed perturbations of Earth's energy balance caused by changing forcing agents such as solar irradiance and human - made greenhouse gases (GHGs).

Such changes are driven in large part by the greenhouse effect, the trapping of greenhouse gases in Earth's atmosphere and consequent warming of the planet.

The most recent U.S. Environmental Protection Agency estimates for greenhouse gas emissions from the oil and natural gas sector, released last week, show that as the number of such facilities have increased in the U.S. between 2011 and 2014, total greenhouse gas emissions from oil and gas operations have risen by about 6.2 percent.

Nike's Making app is an open - source tool for designers to become better informed about the environmental impact of the materials they use by scoring them based on properties such as chemical processes, energy and water consumption and greenhouse gas output.

Scope 3 greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions are emissions from sources not owned or directly controlled by the Department, but related to DOT activities, such as employee business travel and commuting.

Ford is leveraging six - speed transmissions; advanced internal combustion engines such as EcoBoost; hybrids; full electric vehicles; vehicle weight reduction; and electric power - assisted steering to improve fuel economy and reduce greenhouse gas emissions fleet - wide by 30 % by 2020.

According to the Aruba Tourism Authority, six of the island's resorts are certified by EarthCheck for complying with a collection of green guidelines, such as the Intergovernmental Panel for Climate Change Guidelines for National Greenhouse Gas Inventories.

At Mercy Travel we are committed to the reduction of greenhouse gas emissions by showing preference, when possible, to those we do business with, such as hotels, vendors, tour and travel service providers who are actively working to reduce their carbon footprint.

Such close linkages between CO2 concentration and climate variability are consistent with modelling results suggesting with high confidence that glacial — interglacial variations of CO2 and other greenhouse gases [CH4, N2O] explain a considerable fraction of glacial — interglacial climate variability in regions not directly affected by the northern hemisphere continental ice sheets (Timmermann et al., 2009; Shakun et al., 2012).