Sentences with phrase «by host immune»

They die or are killed by the host immune system during their journey.

After an initial acute disease state, that is kept in check by host immune response, bacteria as Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Staphylococcus aureus can establish persistent infections and colonize the host by evading immune surveillance.

«Just sequencing the gut flora gives you an inventory of the bacteria, but does not tell you how they are perceived by the host immune system,» said co-author Dr. Kenneth Simpson, professor of small animal medicine at Cornell's College of Veterinary Medicine whose laboratory characterized the E. coli identified in the study.

Altering proteins in one part of the virus to achieve a certain benefit, such as more efficient gene transfer or reduced recognition by host immune cells, could end up destroying the structural integrity of the entire shell.

Not exact matches

He asks us to believe that the U.S. bishops issued a statement called «Political Responsibility» during a U.S. election year that merely rediscovers nineteenth - century German social thought, which by chance offers a political platform that, by sheer coincidence, parallels the U.S. Democratic platform program by program, yet these very bishops are completely immune from influence by the current political constellation in their headquarters» host city of Washington, D.C. Further, this very professor tells us that the problem with Republicans» the party of Ford, Bush, and Dole» is that they are excessively committed to the «unfettered free market» and lack «faith in the government's ability to provide» social benefits, a position he claims is completely contrary to the Catholic faith.

Before the pathogen has entered the plant, its presence of specific pathogen molecules or patterns is recognised by the host plant's immune systems.

By way of explanation, Malik and Henikoff proposed an evolutionary arms race, not unlike that which occurs between a virus and a host's immune system.

The work was on the role of interleukin - 1 in the pathology of graft - versus - host disease (GVHD), the mechanism by which the new immune system, which a patient receives as a bone marrow transplant, attacks the patient's body following the transplantation.

Furthermore, the team found that ONA inhibited the pro-tumor functions of myeloid derived suppressor cells (MDSC), which are closely associated with the suppression of the anti-tumor immune response of host lymphocytes, by using preclinical sarcoma model.

Researchers have revealed the molecular structure of a protein produced by the Zika virus that is thought to be involved in the virus's reproduction and its interaction with a host's immune system.

Bug bites itch because the host's immune system mounts a defense against the biter's saliva by flooding the area with histamines.

A research group at Hiroshima University demonstrated the mechanism by which the Sendai virus (SeV) escapes the host immune system.

By contrast, the HMS team homed in on one microbe at a time and its effects on nearly all immune cells and intestinal genes, an approach that offers a more precise understanding of the interplay between individual gut microbes and their hosts.

By chemically removing the gut microbiome in zebrafish in the lab and then repopulating the gut with two to three bacterial species, University of Oregon biologist Karen Guillemin has shown that certain microbes are especially skilled at suppressing the host immune system and preventing inflammation — a discovery she thinks may have implications for human health.

Transplanted organs rarely get a hero's welcome in their new home — in fact, they are often attacked viciously by the host's immune system.

Researchers from the Gladstone Institutes have revealed that HIV does not cause AIDS by the virus's direct effect on the host's immune cells, but rather through the cells» lethal influence on one another.

Set off by certain foods like peanuts, shell fish and a host of others, IgE - associated food sensitivity prompts the immune systems of some children to surge out of control.

«The strategy of using peptides that mimic regions of a human immune receptor, to put the brakes on the excessive inflammatory response triggered by superantigen toxins, is a host - oriented strategy that is broadly effective against the diverse family of superantigens,» said Prof. Raymond Kaempfer.

The study, published October 14 by Cell Host & Microbe, underscores the importance of antimicrobial peptides and hints at a new therapeutic approach to helping the immune system get a leg up on this crafty pathogen.

Most cells from a foreign donor, such as in transplanted organs, are targeted by the immune system, but «this one has found a way to suppress the immune system of its hosts long enough to let it be passed along,» he says.

The UNC research team, led by Lemon and Jason Whitmire, Ph.D., Associate Professor in UNC's Department of Genetics, is now poised to investigate the complicated interplay of nonspecific «innate» and specific «adaptive» immune responses that ultimately control the infection and eliminate HAV from the host — processes that are not well understood for any of the five human hepatitis viruses.

In the Lyme bacteria's genome, the VlsE gene is preceded by «cassettes» which are normally not expressed, or made into individual proteins, but can recombine with VlsE to alter the expressed protein and thus present a novel challenge to a host's immune defenses.

By hijacking the cricket fat body, the virus established itself more easily by knocking out part of the cricket immune response, a necessary tactic for any parasite to avoid being detected and destroyed by their hosBy hijacking the cricket fat body, the virus established itself more easily by knocking out part of the cricket immune response, a necessary tactic for any parasite to avoid being detected and destroyed by their hosby knocking out part of the cricket immune response, a necessary tactic for any parasite to avoid being detected and destroyed by their hosby their host.

By tacking an amino acid sequence onto the end of a protein, the bug manages to set up camp inside a host cell, safe from the immune system, without killing the cell.

The basic idea is to build a ring of immune hosts around an outbreak by inoculating anyone likely to have contact with someone infected by the virus.

In a report to be published in the journal Cell Host & Microbe online June 11, researchers showed that immune - system - triggering TB proteins, or antigens, were able to prompt a larger, prolonged immune system response just by being transported from infected dendritic cells to uninfected ones.

Martin sees disturbing parallels between the cultural representations of people who fall by the wayside in the world of work — through unemployment, «deskilling» or lack of training — and those who fall ill as a result of «inferior» immune responses, leading to AIDS, cancer or a host of other diseases.

On Apollo 13, the aborted mission to the Moon, astronaut Fred Haise became feverish through infection by the bacterium, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, which rarely poses a problem on Earth unless the host has a suppressed immune system.

Hütter speculates that Brown was helped to a total cure by what is known as the host - versus - graft reaction: New stem cells and all their progeny see the old immune cells as «other» and kill them off.

Graft - versus - host disease is a condition in which the patient's immune system is attacked by the donor stem cells.

The virus seems to turn the weapon back on its host by attacking the immune system of the bacterium, leaving the organism open to infection.

Molecules produced on demand by the host's genes have lots of different jobs that might help or hurt the bugs: immune responses, digestive enzymes, physiological «climate control» and metabolism, among others.

To avoid being targeted by their hosts» immune systems, tumors maintain an immunosuppressive environment by manipulating the characteristics of the immune and vascular system.

No one knows for certain how the parasite survives in its host for so long, evading destruction by the immune system.

The sack protects the larva from attack by the host's immune system, and it even helps supply the growing larva with nutrients.

Microbes that cause diseases like HIV, malaria, and hepatitis C exploit and often activate the same checkpoint pathways — cell surface receptors such as CTLA4 and PD - 1 — to slow immune cells and prevent their elimination by the host.

An examination into the host's immune response to symbiont presence suggests that firebugs actively harvest their bacterial partners by lysing, or bursting open, the bacterial cells.

«Brain cancer cells are very good at evading the host immune system, because they do not express specific targets that can be recognized by immune cells,» said Liau, professor and vice chair of neurosurgery.

Finally, third, changes in host pathology that can relate either to adverse effects generated by the invading microbe or indeed the host immune response itself [5].

A University of Michigan - led team has revealed the molecular structure of a protein produced by the Zika virus that is thought to be involved in the virus's reproduction and its interaction with the host's immune system.

Compounds produced by microbes either cause changes in the gut directly or pass into the host's bloodstream and influence the central nervous system, possibly through neural, hormonal and immune pathways5.

These microorganisms also support the normal homeostatic functions of the host by helping to extract nutrients, stimulate the immune system, and provide protection against colonization by pathogens (Stappenbeck et al, 2002; Hooper, 2004; Bäckhed et al, 2005; Gill et al, 2006; Ley et al, 2006).

Source: Brown, Akey, et al., Nature Structural and Molecular Biology.ANN ARBOR — Researchers have revealed the molecular structure of a protein produced by the Zika virus that is thought to be involved in the virus's reproduction and its interaction with a host's immune system.

IDMIT will contribute 1) To the development and validation of assays based on flow cytometry and mass cytometry for the evaluation of immune responses in humans and animal models; these tools will be particularly relevant for the identification of signatures of vaccine efficacy; 2) To the animal model platform, in particularly by providing access to NHP models and to new technologies for in vivo imaging infections and host responses; 3) To networking activities, in particular by organising a workshop on in vivo imaging.

In mouse models, carcinogen - induced tumors that arise in immunodeficient mice, when transplanted to wild - type mice, are usually eliminated by the intact immune system of the new host.

With respect to biological applications, the group is focusing on how cellular heterogeneity and cell - to - cell communication drive ensemble - level decision - making in the immune system, with an emphasis on «two - body» interaction (e.g., host cell - virus interactions, innate immune control of adaptive immunity, tumor infiltration by immune cells).

Tumors also release microparticles containing PS, ultimately suppressing immune response to the tumor by keeping the host's immune system busy fighting particles and dead cells.

Among his most important accomplishments was the description of a key mechanism by which tumor cells can escape the host immune system.

Thus mechanisms of tumor evasion of the immune system may provide insight into how allogeneic MSC are tolerated by the mismatched host.

The awards span the broad mission of the NIH and include groundbreaking research, such as engineering immune cells producing drugs at the site of diseased tissue; developing a sensor to rapidly detect antibiotic resistance of a bacterial infection; understanding how certain parasites evade host detection by continually changing their surface proteins; and developing implants that run off the electricity generated from the motion of a beating the heart.