Sentences with phrase «by hydrogen gas»

Draths and Frost were able to complete the final stage, in which muconic acid is converted to adipic acid by hydrogen gas and a platinum catalyst, without having to separate the muconic acid from the crude culture medium.

An international team of scientists has pushed the limits of radio astronomy to detect a faint signal emitted by hydrogen gas in a galaxy more than five billion light years away — almost double the previous record.

Not exact matches

There are basically two types of lines, those produced by collisions between the atoms or ions and the electrons in the surrounding gas, which are called collision lines, and which are very bright for elements such as oxygen, nitrogen and neon, and lines which are produced when ions capture free electrons, which are called recombination lines, and which are bright only for those gases with the highest abundances in the interstellar medium: hydrogen and helium.

By March 14, hydrogen gas explosions captured live on television had blown out the walls and roofs of the Unit 1 and 3 reactor buildings.

Kanzius had essentially replicated the centuries - old method of water electrolysis, separating water into hydrogen and oxygen gases by running a current through water loaded with salt, which makes it conductive.

Its size and distance from Earth were unveiled by mapping radio waves emitted from hydrogen gas (www.arxiv.org/abs/0906.0616).

H II regions like RCW 106 are clouds of hydrogen gas that are being ionised by the intense starlight of scorching - hot, young stars, causing them to glow and display weird and wonderful shapes.

To their surprise, the ice bubbled like boiling water at temperatures between -210 C / -346 F and -120 C / -184 F. Analysis of the gas showed it to be hydrogen molecules, which the researchers believe were formed from methanol and ammonia broken up by UV irradiation.

In fact, HERA should be able to see the ionization of the hydrogen gas caused by some of the individual galaxies in the early universe, Hewitt said.

This region is made up of hydrogen plasma, a gas of atoms whose electrons have been stripped away by the ferocious temperature, leaving just protons behind.

As our solar system slowly orbits around the galactic center, the sun's ultraviolet radiation carves out an egg - shaped region of ionized hydrogen atoms surrounded by neutral hydrogen gas.

The diffuse cloud in this image, taken with the Carnegie Institution for Science's Swope telescope in Chile, is the shell of hot hydrogen gas ejected by a white dwarf star on March 11, 1437.

A low - pressure method, developed in the 1980s, forms a thin diamond film by shooting a current through carbon and hydrogen gases, but the results are impure.

Radio waves emitted by cool hydrogen (third inset) trace a pool of gas left behind by the explosion and merger.

The three toepads visible to modern telescopes, as well as the claw - like regions in the nearby Lobster Nebula, are actually regions of gas — predominantly hydrogen — energised by the light of brilliant newborn stars.

Hydrogen atoms which diffuse inside the cages only bond weakly to them, so the gas can be recovered simply by heating the material slightly.

There is relatively less interest in power - to - gas in the U.S., where hydrogen from electrolysis, even by taking advantage of cheap excess renewable energy, would have a tough time competing against abundant, low - cost shale gas.

The water - gas shift reaction, in which carbon monoxide is removed from the fuel gas stream by reacting with water to produce carbon dioxide and hydrogen, is a key step in the process.

Hydrogen gas is produced primarily by heating natural gas and water vapor.

The process, known as power - to - gas, inserts hydrogen generated by electrolysis directly into the natural gas pipeline system.

First, engineers reduce the volume of the gas by cooling it to the temperature of liquid nitrogen (196 degrees C), which is easier to attain than liquid - hydrogen temperatures.

Hydrogen gas produced by reactions in the repository could build up pressure that leads to radioactive gases escaping through fractures in the rock.

Previously, researchers have produced hydrogen gas in microbial - powered, batterylike fuel cells, but only when they supplemented the energy produced by the bacteria with electrical energy from external sources — such as that obtained from renewable sources or burning fossil fuels, says Bruce Logan, an environmental engineer at Pennsylvania State University, University Park.

Units 1 and 3 have experienced explosions that destroyed exterior walls, apparently from buildups of hydrogen gas produced by the zirconium in the fuel rods reacting with coolant water at extremely high temperatures — but the interior containment vessels there thus far seem to be intact.

These orally produced sulfur gases — with names like hydrogen sulfide, methylmercaptan, and dimethyl sulfide — plus some other miscellaneous by - products of bacterial metabolism, account for 90 percent of bad breath that can't be traced to an outside cause.

Using the Very Large Array of the National Radio Astronomy Observatory in the US, the team observed radio emission from hydrogen in a distant galaxy and found that it would have contained billions of young, massive stars surrounded by clouds of hydrogen gas.

Given this very close arrangement, astronomers are intrigued by the galaxies» apparent lack of any significant gravitational interaction; only a faint bridge of neutral hydrogen gas — not visible in this image — appears to stretch between them.

Using the world's largest radio telescope, two astronomers from Swinburne University of Technology in Australia have detected the faint signal emitted by atomic hydrogen gas in galaxies three billion light years from Earth, breaking the previous record distance by 500 million light years.

A study by researchers at Sandia National Laboratories concludes that a number of existing gas stations in California can safely store and dispense hydrogen, suggesting a broader network of hydrogen fueling stations may be within reach.

«Not only did we detect radio signals emitted by distant galaxies when the Universe was three billion years younger, but their gas reservoirs turned out to be unexpectedly large, about 10 times larger than the mass of hydrogen in our Milky Way.

A recent report by Sandia National Laboratories asks whether hydrogen fuel can be accepted at any of the 70 California gas stations involved in the study, based on a new hydrogen technologies code.

By adding diborane gas (a mixture of hydrogen and boron) the researchers introduced «holes» into the crystal structure that allowed electrons to flow uninhibited.

WHAM telescope The Wisconsin Hydrogen - Alpha Mapping telescope focuses on the light emitted by hot hydroHydrogen - Alpha Mapping telescope focuses on the light emitted by hot hydrogenhydrogen gas.

Because neutral hydrogen gas would absorb such a signal, the observation means that neutral hydrogen must have already been burned away by other galaxies, Hu says.

Captured by the 4.1 - meter VISTA telescope in northern Chile, the image, released online today by the European Southern Observatory, reveals solar - system - sized clumps and strands of hydrogen gas.

Left: Absorption by neutral hydrogen gas along the line of sight.

It's possible to produce hydrogen to power fuel cells by extracting the gas from seawater, but the electricity required to do it makes the process costly.

Subject to a surface temperature of about 1,800 degrees Fahrenheit, oxygen and carbon are ripped away from the planet by lighter hydrogen gas and carried in a streaming halo behind it.

Astronomers often search for gas by observing neutral hydrogen, which broadcasts radio waves at a wavelength of 21 centimetres.

Hydrogen trioxide is stable at low temperatures but begins to decompose slowly at -40 degreesC, forming so - called singlet oxygen, a high - energy form of the gas which can be detected by its reaction with dimethylanthracene.

Sandia leads a number of other hydrogen research efforts, including the Hydrogen Fueling Infrastructure Research and Station Technology (H2FIRST) project co-led by the National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL), a maritime fuel cell demonstration, a development project focused on hydrogen - powered forklifts and a recent study of how many California gas stations can safely store and dispense hhydrogen research efforts, including the Hydrogen Fueling Infrastructure Research and Station Technology (H2FIRST) project co-led by the National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL), a maritime fuel cell demonstration, a development project focused on hydrogen - powered forklifts and a recent study of how many California gas stations can safely store and dispense hHydrogen Fueling Infrastructure Research and Station Technology (H2FIRST) project co-led by the National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL), a maritime fuel cell demonstration, a development project focused on hydrogen - powered forklifts and a recent study of how many California gas stations can safely store and dispense hhydrogen - powered forklifts and a recent study of how many California gas stations can safely store and dispense hydrogenhydrogen.

Møller and his team found the primordial filament by making precise measurements of remote blobs of glowing hydrogen gas, using ESO's Very Large Telescope in Chile.

Back then, all stars needed to form was a primordial soup of mostly hydrogen and some helium atoms, perturbed by the effects of gravity on minuscule differences in the density of the gases, and the mysterious substance known as dark matter.

If so, astronomers could hunt for them by detecting gamma rays, neutrinos, and even antimatter radiating from interstellar and intergalactic clouds of hydrogen gas.

Measuring 300 light - years across, the bubble, known as G52L, is filled with hydrogen gas that is ionized by the energetic radiation of embedded young stars.

An international collaboration of scientists led by Omar Yaghi, a chemist with the Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory (Berkeley Lab), has developed a technique they dubbed «gas adsorption crystallography» that provides a new way to study the process by which metal - organic frameworks (MOFs)-- 3D crystals with extraordinarily large internal surface areas — are able to store immense volumes of gases such a carbon dioxide, hydrogen and methane.

To examine the cost of geologic hydrogen storage, Lord started by selecting geologic formations that currently store natural gas.

Phase V hydrogen, created by crushing Earth's lightest element with mind - boggling pressures, gives the physicists a glimpse of the inner atmosphere of a gas giant, where pressures reach millions of (Earth) atmospheres

Ammonia is currently made by a reaction between nitrogen and hydrogen, called the Haber - Bosch process, where hydrogen is produced from reforming natural gas.

[2] Neutral hydrogen gas absorbs all the high - energy ultraviolet light emitted by hot young stars very efficiently.