Sentences with phrase «by hydrothermal vent»

More amazingly, we now know that beneath the crust of Enceladus is a global ocean of liquid saltwater and organic molecules, all being heated by hydrothermal vents on the seafloor.

Since then, many other possible crucibles have been identified: deep underground, in the open ocean, by hydrothermal vents on the ocean floor, on a radioactive beach and on the surface of a lump of clay.

Not exact matches

Further calculations by Catling and his team conclude that no abiotic methane sources on a rocky planet could produce enough of the gas to counteract this process — whether it is volcanic outgassing from a planet's interior, chemical reactions in hydrothermal vents, even asteroid impacts.

The hydrothermal vent system was discovered by researchers from the Centre for Geobiology at University of Bergen (Norway).

Other researchers, however, say that the fossil stromatolites were not formed by living organisms, but by physical and chemical processes around hydrothermal vents.

Surrounded by treacherous fields of sharp volcanic rocks, the violent hydrothermal vents of Endeavor Ridge are an inhospitable place to lay cable, says Juniper.

This is a pastel painting of a new species, Xenoturbella profunda, found by researchers in a hydrothermal vent in the Gulf of California.

Their abundant presence on this peak may be tied to the liquid carbon dioxide spewed by the volcano's hydrothermal vents, which kills virtually all life in the deeper reaches of the crater.

Geysers and deep - sea vents are hydrothermal phenomena in which water, heated and pressurized by molten rock, is released through vents at the land surface or into the oceans.

Hydrothermal vents form by an analogous method: Ion - rich hot water is expelled from the seafloor and then begins to dissolve, forming a porous shell of metal extending upward.

He found them in sediment collected from a hydrothermal vent, sent to him by a retired oceanographer.

Three new papers co-authored by Mike Russell, a research scientist at NASA's Jet Propulsion Laboratory, Pasadena, Calif., strengthen the case that Earth's first life began at alkaline hydrothermal vents at the bottom of oceans.

Deep - sea organisms including mussels thrive in the extreme environments of hydrothermal vents and cold seeps which are characterised by high hydrostatic pressure, lack of photosynthesis - derived food, variable temperatures and high concentrations of toxic substances.

These fields are surrounded by a unique set of animals, including vent crabs and eyeless vent shrimp, that survive off of the chemicals emitted from the hydrothermal vents.

Grassle's work ultimately revealed that a diverse community of organisms thrives along deep - sea hydrothermal vents, feasting on organic matter produced by sulfur - oxidizing bacteria instead of photosynthesis.

That means it must be continuously produced there, probably by hydrothermal reactions similar to those that occur near hot vents at the bottom of Earth's oceans (Science, doi.org/b5s9).

In the deep gold mines of South Africa, and under the sea, at hydrothermal vents where breaks in the fissure of Earth's surface that release geothermally heated waters — hydrogen - rich fluids host complex microbial communities that are nurtured by the chemicals dissolved in the fluids.

The remarkable density of life at deep - sea hydrothermal vents is explained by the mutually beneficial symbiosis of invertebrate animals and sulfide - oxidizing bacteria that colonize their cells

The group is represented by possible habitat generalists (such as the large Enteroctopus dofleini which ranges from the intertidal to depths in excess of 450 m) and specialists (such as Vulcanoctopus hydrothermalis which is found only in hydrothermal vents).

Hydrothermal vents, known as black smokers, were first discovered on Earth in 1977 on the Galápagos Rift [see «The Crest of the East Pacific Rise,» by Ken C. Macdonald and Bruce P. Luyendyk; Scientific American, May 1981].

Images retrieved by NASA's Cassini spacecraft from one of Saturn's moons, Enceladus, show that hydrothermal vents may not be unique to our home planet.

Its purpose is to display and interpret original works by a science illustrator who, in collaboration with a scientist, has visited and documented hydrothermal vent ecosystems via travel in the deep - sea submersible Alvin.

Subsequent explorations by the deep - sea submersible Alvin revealed not only the presence of hydrothermal vents, but also a startling array of giant worms, clams, and mussels.

Of course, the formation and evolution of a hydrothermal vent system is complicated by the fact that nothing is ever «permanent» on the sea floor.

«To explain these features, we suggest that abyssal hill hydrothermal venting occurs in frequent bursts, possibly triggered by earthquakes,» said Haymon.

AB: Since many astrobiologists are currently examining hydrothermal vents, in search of extremophiles, does the prebiotic chemistry actually get decomposed rather than enhanced by the presence of such ocean venting?

Scientists are especially interested in measuring the amount of hydrogen gas in the plume, which would tell them how much energy and heat are being generated by chemical reactions in hydrothermal vents at the bottom of the moon's ocean.

At Ferraria, the contours of São Miguel's rocky western shore form a well - known piscina, or natural swimming pool, sheltered by basalt crags and fed by a set of hydrothermal vents.

They were inspired by Black Smokers, which are hydrothermal vents found on the seabed.

A team of geologists led by Henrik Svensen of the University of Oslo discovered hydrothermal vent complexes — thousands of them — dating back to the Paleocene - Eocene boundary.

New investigations by a team of ten scuba divers during the multinational (France, Zaire, Germany, and Burundi) TANGANYDRO expedition (August - October 1991) found hydrothermal vents down to a depth of 46 m along north - trending active faults bounding the Tanganyika rift on the western side.

«Hydrothermal vents and solar Grand Maximum» is a hypothesis, but one not backed by evidence or peer - reviewed science.

Nah you just want to waste time by asking nonsense childish questions and I notice you once again avoid answering the one regarding hydrothermal vents.

Given the more than 3 million volcanoes worldwide indicated by the work of Hillier & Watts (2007), one might be prone to wonder about the statistical significance of Gerlach's seven subaerial volcanoes and three hydrothermal vent sites.

But a talk at the AGU Chapman Conference today by palaeoclimatologist Lowell Stott of the University of Southern California suggests a radically different reservoir: pools of liquid carbon dioxide trapped in seafloor hydrothermal vents.

The communities of bacteria around deep sea volcanic (hydrothermal) vents survive by converting highly toxic hydrogen sulfide into food through chemosynthesis much like surface algae convert sunlight to food via photosynthesis.