Sentences with phrase «by infant temperament»

In the final hypothesis, we examined whether the association between the mother - grandmother relationship and adolescent parenting was moderated by infant temperament.

For the final hypothesis, we examined whether the link between the mother - grandmother relationship and adolescent parenting was moderated by infant temperament.

Infant characteristics were represented by infant temperament, measured by the Fussy - Difficult factor of the Infant Characteristics Questionnaire (ICQ), standardized for 6 - month - old infants (Bates, Freeland, & Lounsbury, 1979).

Not exact matches

In support of this model, multiple studies have shown the association between infant negative reactivity and later psychosocial outcomes such as problem behaviour and self - regulation to be moderated by parental behaviour, so that highly reactive children fare better than others when they experience optimal parenting but worse than others when they experience negative parenting.41 - 46 Further support is found in studies indicating that interventions targeting parental attitudes and / or behaviours are particularly effective for children with a history of negative reactive temperament.47, 49

The interactive effect of infant temperament and parent behaviour on child development has been explained by the «differential susceptibility model, «39,40 which proposes that highly reactive infants are more sensitive than their peers to both negative and positive environmental influences.

Colic is a transient condition that ends around the third to fourth month of an infant's life and appears to have few consequences for the child; (c) Crying and / or frequent fussing is a characteristic of negatively reactive temperament but can be distinguished from colic in several ways; colic is not a stable phenomenon and it manifests itself as intense crying bouts of long duration, whereas negative reactivity is stable and characterized by frequent bouts of fussiness.

Some of the many benefits a Postpartum Doula provides for you and your baby include: Better infant care skills Positive newborn characteristics Breastfeeding skills improve A healthy set of coping skills and strategies Relief from postpartum depression More restful sleep duration and quality Education and support services for a smooth transition home A more content baby Improved infant growth translates into increased confidence A content baby with an easier temperament Education for you to gain greater self - confidence Referrals to competent, appropriate professionals and support groups when necessary The benefits of skin to skin contact Breastfeeding success Lessen the severity and duration of postpartum depression Improved birth outcomes Decrease risk of abuse Families with disabilities can also benefit greatly by learning special skills specific to their situation Families experiencing loss often find relief through our Doula services Improved bonding between parent and child.

Kagan, Starch Research Professor of Psychology who is best known for his research that showed temperament — in particular, the «high - reactive» or «low - reactive» states exhibited by infants as young as 16 weeks — remains a force throughout one's life.

The exclusively environmental explanation has been challenged by results demonstrating some, albeit inconclusive, evidence of the effect of infant temperament.

AAI, Adult Attachment Interview; AFFEX, System for Identifying Affect Expression by Holistic Judgement; AIM, Affect Intensity Measure; AMBIANCE, Atypical Maternal Behaviour Instrument for Assessment and Classification; ASCT, Attachment Story Completion Task; BAI, Beck Anxiety Inventory; BDI, Beck Depression Inventory; BEST, Borderline Evaluation of Severity over Time; BPD, borderline personality disorder; BPVS - II, British Picture Vocabulary Scale II; CASQ, Children's Attributional Style Questionnaire; CBCL, Child Behaviour Checklist; CDAS - R, Children's Dysfunctional Attitudes Scale - Revised; CDEQ, Children's Depressive Experiences Questionnaire; CDIB, Child Diagnostic Interview for Borderlines; CGAS, Child Global Assessment Schedule; CRSQ, Children's Response Style Questionnaire; CTQ, Childhood Trauma Questionnaire; CTQ, Childhood Trauma Questionnaire; DASS, Depression, Anxiety, Stress Scales; DERS, Difficulties in Emotion Regulation Scale; DIB - R, Revised Diagnostic Interview for Borderlines; DSM, Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders; EA, Emotional Availability Scales; ECRS, Experiences in Close Relationships Scale; EMBU, Swedish acronym for Own Memories Concerning Upbringing; EPDS, Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale; FES, Family Environment Scale; FSS, Family Satisfaction Scale; FTRI, Family Trauma and Resilience Interview; IBQ - R, Infant Behaviour Questionnaire, Revised; IPPA, Inventory of Parent and Peer Attachment; K - SADS, Kiddie Schedule for Affective Disorders and Schizophrenia for School - Age Children; KSADS - E, Kiddie Schedule for Affective Disorders and Schizophrenia - Episodic Version; MMD, major depressive disorder; PACOTIS, Parental Cognitions and Conduct Toward the Infant Scale; PPQ, Perceived Parenting Quality Questionnaire; PD, personality disorder; PPVT - III, Peabody Picture Vocabulary Test, Third Edition; PSI - SF, Parenting Stress Index Short Form; RSSC, Reassurance - Seeking Scale for Children; SCID - II, Structured Clinical Interview for DSM - IV; SCL -90-R, Symptom Checklist 90 Revised; SCQ, Social Communication Questionnaire; SEQ, Children's Self - Esteem Questionnaire; SIDP - IV, Structured Interview for DSM - IV Personality; SPPA, Self - Perception Profile for Adolescents; SSAGA, Semi-Structured Assessment for the Genetics of Alcoholism; TCI, Temperament and Character Inventory; YCS, Youth Chronic Stress Interview; YSR, Youth Self - Report.

Attachment theorists have suggested that temperament has no direct effect on the quality of attachment, since infant characteristics such as difficult temperament can be accommodated by sensitive caregivers, who can still foster secure attachment relationships [59].

Based on their review of literature, Mangelsdorf and Frosch [65] have suggested that effects of infant temperament on attachment may be indirect and moderated by other maternal and social variables.

With respect to the reactive dimension of temperament, Rothbart notes that researchers may characterize an infant's initial responses by his physiological and behavioural reactions to sensory stimuli of different qualities and intensities.

The Infant Toddler Temperament Tool (IT3) was developed for the Center for Early Childhood Mental Health Consultation, an Innovation and Support Project funded by the Office of Head Start.

One could argue that attachment development is not determined by the nature and quality of the infant - caregiver relationship but instead by the infant's temperament.

But when a mother's capacity to do so is limited by her own personality or stressful conditions then infants with difficult temperament or problem behaviors are at risk for developing attachment insecurity.

Despite some pitfalls of generalization (e.g. not taking individual infant temperaments into account) her refinement of attachment theory by carving out attachment styles, has laid the ground for further infant attachment understanding, lab tests and consequent attachment based therapy.

Discussion in this field has centered on the degree to which temperament is inborn nature and the degree to which temperament is nurtured or coaxed along by an infant or child's environment.

Two posthoc tests of interaction provided no evidence of differential effects of intervention on externalising or internalising behaviour problems by preintervention risk based on (1) a maternal mental health problem (clinical - level depression, anxiety or stress) or (2) infant difficult temperament.

Baseline and outcome data were measured by validated questionnaires completed by the primary care giver.5 11 The baseline questionnaires at age 7 months measured sociodemographic details, infant difficult temperament, maternal mental health and family stress and, at 12 months, parenting style and partner relationship.

First, the moderating effect of parenting stress on the relation between objective measures of neonatal behavior and later subjective maternal ratings of infant temperament may be driven by a subset of children who evidence persistent irritable and difficult behaviors over the first 4 months of life.

Prior research has indicated that parental ratings of infant temperament are influenced both by variation in objectively measured infant behavior patterns and by antecedent parental behavior patterns (Anderson et.al., 1989; Crockenberg & Acredolo, 1983).

Significant interaction terms were plotted using procedures recommended by Cohen and Cohen (1983) to compare differences in the relation between infant temperament and adolescent mother - grandmother relationship in the prediction of parenting.

The relation between infant temperament and parenting satisfaction varied by the quality of grandmother directiveness.

By contrast, adolescent mothers who have a less confrontational relationship may experience more support from their mothers in their parenting role; therefore, their parenting satisfaction may be less dependent on their infants» temperaments.

Mother - infant interactions are characterized by transactional processes in which mothers may modify their behaviors in response to infant characteristics (e.g., infant temperament)(Sameroff, 1975; Sameroff & Chandler, 1975).

Rather, these findings suggest that the degree to which neonatal reactivity explains variation in later maternal ratings of infant temperament is dependent on the general level of parenting stress experienced by mothers, regardless of whether they had used cocaine and / or opiates during pregnancy.

Finally, a modified version of the Infant Behavior Questionnaire (IBQ; Rothbart, 1981) was administered as a measure parent - reported child temperament (modifications, approved by M. K. Rothbart, included simplification of language for the MLS population and reduction of response scale to five points).

Additionally, 22 % of the variance in bonding was explained by infant sleep problems and temperament.

In this chapter, I will focus my discussion of emotion socialization on three areas: the role played by cultural display rules and imitation; the impact of gender differences in infant temperament and language development on socialization; and the sometimes surprising influence of processes of differentiation between mothers» and children's emotional expressiveness.

Conduct problems also were robustly predicted by low levels of early mother - report cognitive stimulation when infant temperament was controlled.