Sentences with phrase «by infection of the brain»

ANIMALS LESS THAN AGE SIX MONTHS Seizures are usually caused by infections of the brain.

This inflammation can be caused by infection of the brain (bacterial, viral, fungal and parasites are examples of infectious causes of encephalitis) or can be immune - mediated; which means the body's immune system is malfunctioning and creating abnormal inflammation for reasons we do not fully understand.

Not exact matches

However, one third of cases are triggered by damage to the brain from causes such as head injury, stroke, tumours or infection.

Johns Hopkins researchers report that fetal mice — especially males — show signs of brain damage that lasts into their adulthood when they are exposed in the womb to a maternal immune system kicked into high gear by a serious infection or other malady.

As well as revealing step by step how disease and infection can aggravate and accelerate the early stages of Alzheimer's, Perry and his colleague Clive Holmes have begun a pioneering trial in 40 people to see if a drug that acts to dampen inflammation in the body can help delay the progress of the brain disease.

THE brain function of infants may be boosted or hindered by infections experienced by their mothers during pregnancy.

Outside of the brain, cytokines are released by immune cells fighting infections, and they can alter MHCI expression in a complicated feedback loop.

The brain is protected by a barrier of cells that tightly regulates the transport of substances into this organ in order to prevent infection.

An association between Zika infections during pregnancy and the birth of babies with microcephaly (a birth defect in which an infant's brain does not develop properly resulting in a smaller than normal head) was first suggested by Brazilian physicians in August 2015, and in November microcephaly cases potentially associated with Zika started to be recorded; three months later WHO made its announcement.

Although the scientists can't assume hospitalization is directly causing suicide, they say their work backs up a hot theory that inflammation — one of the body's main defenses against infection — influences depression by generating a chemical that interferes with brain signaling.

«A growing body of evidence suggests that immune system activation, such as that caused by bacterial and viral infections, can play important roles in many brain disorders,» explained William Carlezon, PhD, chief of the Division of Basic Neuroscience at McLean Hospital, and senior author of the paper.

On the safety side, the panelists delved into the possible risks of injecting genetically modified cells into patients, including the potential for deadly viral infections, brain toxicity, and, paradoxically, the growth of new tumors brought about by CAR - T cells years after treatment.

In this case, prenatal brain development is initially normal, but then disrupted by the viral infection of neural progenitors.

«These findings provide new insight into the mechanisms and timing of the brain disruption caused by Zika infection, and the sequence of developmental anomalies that may occur,» said del Campo, who also serves as a medical geneticist at Rady Children's Hospital - San Diego.

It has historically been considered to be caused by factors such as birth asphyxia, stroke and infections in the developing brain of babies.

This brain slice from a human autopsy has taken on vivid color in the hands of a neuroscientist: green from infection by a lentivirus, red for neurons, blue for the nuclei of brain cells.

«We can see that the brain is affected by all types of infections.

Moreover, it seems that the immune system itself can affect the brain to such an extent that the person's cognitive ability measured by an IQ test will also be impaired many years after the infection has been cured,» explains MD and PhD Michael Eriksen Benrós, who is affiliated with the National Centre for Register - Based Research at Aarhus BSS and the Mental Health Centre Copenhagen, University of Copenhagen.

Encephalitis caused by the immune system attacking the brain is similar in frequency to encephalitis from infections, Mayo Clinic researchers report in Annals of Neurology.

«Normally, the brain is protected by the so - called blood - brain barrier (BBB), but in the case of infections and inflammation, new research has shown that the brain can be affected on account of a more permeable BBB.»

According to Michael Eriksen Benrós, the increased risk of mood disorders can be explained by the fact that infections affect the brain:

I have an ongoing interest in sickness behaviour responses induced by bacterial and viral infections / mimetics and our observation of an exaggeration of these responses in animals / persons with ongoing brain inflammation has brought 2 of my major interests together: Such responses in the aged or demented incorporate episodes of delirium, a phenomenon that remains unexplained and which now represents a major research interest for me.

«We have been working for three years to develop a better research model of brain development, and it's fortunate we can now use this one to shed light on the major public health crisis posed by Zika infections,» says Hongjun Song, Ph.D., professor of neurology and neuroscience at the Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine's Institute for Cell Engineering.

1) Rituximab was added to the induction as the majority of PCNSL are CD20 + diffuse large B - cell lymphomas (DLBCL) and it was previously shown that the addition of rituximab to CHOP chemotherapy has improved the prognosis in DLBCL outside the brain.8 2) The intraventricular MTX / cytarabine treatment of the Bonn protocol requiring an Ommaya reservoir was replaced by intraspinal administration of liposomal cytarabine in view of the expected lower risk of procedure - related infections.

Many people with Alzheimer's die of sepsis, which can be caused by infections, and he believes brain tissue samples could have been contaminated during autopsies with microbes from elsewhere in the body.

Brazilians show that the infection by Zika virus kills glioblastoma, one of the most common and aggressive kinds of malignant brain tumour in adults.

[D] Some attenuated Type I - infected animals have detectable parasite in brain regions early during acute infection, decreasing to undetectable levels (average of uninfected indicated by black dashed line).

The cause of her readmission into hospital was meningitis — infection of her nervous system, brain and spinal cord, by Ebola virus that remained from her initial infection.

In addition, the mechanism by which the ZIKV infection can cause fetal brain damage is not known, and some reports suggest that the virus is able to evade the normal immunoprotective responses of the placenta.15 Zika virus is not the only pathogen associated with neonate microcephaly.

Gross brain pathology from infants with presumed or laboratory - confirmed ZIKV infection, primarily from neuroimaging, closely resembles neuropathology associated with congenital cytomegalovirus (CMV).48 The most notable difference is the distribution of intracranial calcifications (ie, typically subcortical in congenital ZIKV infection and periventricular in CMV).48, 49 Such calcifications are likely dystrophic and related to cell death, either by necrosis, apoptosis, or both.50

Understanding Zika's mechanisms will illuminate how viral infection leads to birth defects such as microcephaly, a condition marked by an abnormally small head and brain size, and could inform the development of therapies and vaccines, the study authors said.

BETHESDA, MD — Infection with Zika virus disrupts fetal brain development by interfering with the proliferation of human neural progenitor cells (hNPCs), a type of cell that drives neurodevelopment and proliferates into brain and nervous system cells, according to research presented at the American Society of Human Genetics (ASHG) 2016 Annual Meeting in Vancouver, B.C.

This brain inflammation is caused by the release of cytokines, chemical messengers in the body that trigger an immune response, similar to a viral infection.

If neurons are being starved of glucose by an infection, they will be seeking energy substrates wherever they can find them, and brain usage of ketones will increase more rapidly than in starvation / fasting.

Grape seed extract has been shown to dramatically reduce the risk of prostate cancer, fight infection, improve sugar levels, increase cognitive ability by slowing down the aging of the brain, boost «good» cholesterol (HDL) and strengthen blood vessels.

It appears that in response to infection, the excess inflammatory cytokines produced by the immune system decrease the output of sleep inducing hormones to the sleep centers of the brain.

Allergy is simply your body's immune system going into overdrive because of a present yeast infection which leads to LGS (leaky gut syndrome), all of this is caused by an imbalanced gut, LGS is the cause for adrenal fatigue which causes brain fog, fatigue, mood swings, irregular heart beats, weight gain and more.

Some theories suggest that fibromyalgia may result from stress - induced changes in the hippocampal area of the brain; others from stress - induced disruptions of the hypothalamic - pituitary - adrenal (HPA) axis (which affects adrenal function and cortisol production); and still others from low levels of the neurotransmitter, dopamine, caused by genetic factors and triggered by exposure to stressors, such as emotional distress, physical trauma, viral infections or inflammatory disorders.

Now I find a lot of people, they have a lot of dysfunction like let's say you're having memory issues, brain fog issues, mood issues — I find a lot of issues today area emanating from the gut and feeding back into the brain via inflammation, via dysbiotic bacteria, via infections, via the infection - like by - product such as lipo — lipopolysaccharide, LPS, or endotoxin, via food allergens getting into your bloodstream, via pesticides and junk in the environment, getting into your gut and into your bloodstream and affecting your brain.

I'd like for you to explain that to the hundreds of thousands of people out there with recurrent yeast infections, brain fog, and fatigue who have regained their lives by taking anti - fungal / anti-microbial herbs and other therapies to kill off excess candida.

It appears that in response to infection, the excess inflammatory cytokines produced by the immune system disturb the sleep centers of the brain.

The condition is generally caused by damage to the brain, but the injury may be the result of any number of things such as trauma, oxygen deprivation, infection, stroke, chemical imbalance in the body, or drug abuse.

Secondary epilepsy (also known as «Symptomatic epilepsy») is when the fits are being caused by another brain disorder such a brain tumour, an inflammation or infection of the brain (encephalitis), a brain malformation, a recent or previous stroke or head trauma.

Cerebellar ataxia occurs when the cerebellum of the brain becomes damaged, often by a brain tumor or some kind of infection.

While canine seizures may be caused by head trauma, brain tumors, toxins, infections, birth defects and many other identifiable causes, the vast majority of seizures in young dogs (one to three years old) are idiopathic or genetic epilepsy.

ACT - activated clotting time (bleeding disorders) ACTH - adrenocorticotropic hormone (adrenal gland function) Ag - antigen test for proteins specific to a disease causing organism or virus Alb - albumin (liver, kidney and intestinal disorders) Alk - Phos, ALP alkaline phosphatase (liver and adrenal disorders) Allergy Testing intradermal or blood antibody test for allergen hypersensitivity ALT - alanine aminotransferase (liver disorder) Amyl - amylase enzyme — non specific (pancreatitis) ANA - antinuclear antibody (systemic lupus erythematosus) Anaplasmosis Anaplasma spp. (tick - borne rickettsial disease) APTT - activated partial thromboplastin time (blood clotting ability) AST - aspartate aminotransferase (muscle and liver disorders) Band band cell — type of white blood cell Baso basophil — type of white blood cell Bile Acids digestive acids produced in the liver and stored in the gall bladder (liver function) Bili bilirubin (bile pigment responsible for jaundice from liver disease or RBC destruction) BP - blood pressure measurement BUN - blood urea nitrogen (kidney and liver function) Bx biopsy C & S aerobic / anaerobic bacterial culture and antibiotic sensitivity test (infection, drug selection) Ca +2 calcium ion — unbound calcium (parathyroid gland function) CBC - complete blood count (all circulating cells) Chol cholesterol (liver, thyroid disorders) CK, CPK creatine [phospho] kinase (muscle disease, heart disease) Cl - chloride ion — unbound chloride (hydration, blood pH) CO2 - carbon dioxide (blood pH) Contrast Radiograph x-ray image using injected radiopaque contrast media Cortisol hormone produced by the adrenal glands (adrenal gland function) Coomb's anti- red blood cell antibody test (immune - mediated hemolytic anemia) Crea creatinine (kidney function) CRT - capillary refill time (blood pressure, tissue perfusion) DTM - dermatophyte test medium (ringworm — dermatophytosis) EEG - electroencephalogram (brain function, epilepsy) Ehrlichia Ehrlichia spp. (tick - borne rickettsial disease) EKG, ECG - electrok [c] ardiogram (electrical heart activity, heart arryhthmia) Eos eosinophil — type of white blood cell Fecal, flotation, direct intestinal parasite exam FeLV Feline Leukemia Virus test FIA Feline Infectious Anemia: aka Feline Hemotrophic Mycoplasma, Haemobartonella felis test FIV Feline Immunodeficiency Virus test Fluorescein Stain fluorescein stain uptake of cornea (corneal ulceration) fT4, fT4ed, freeT4ed thyroxine hormone unbound by protein measured by equilibrium dialysis (thyroid function) GGT gamma - glutamyltranferase (liver disorders) Glob globulin (liver, immune system) Glu blood or urine glucose (diabetes mellitus) Gran granulocytes — subgroup of white blood cells Hb, Hgb hemoglobin — iron rich protein bound to red blood cells that carries oxygen (anemia, red cell mass) HCO3 - bicarbonate ion (blood pH) HCT, PCV, MHCT hematocrit, packed - cell volume, microhematocrit (hemoconcentration, dehydration, anemia) K + potassium ion — unbound potassium (kidney disorders, adrenal gland disorders) Lipa lipase enzyme — non specific (pancreatitis) LYME Borrelia spp. (tick - borne rickettsial disease) Lymph lymphocyte — type of white blood cell MCHC mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration (anemia, iron deficiency) MCV mean corpuscular volume — average red cell size (anemia, iron deficiency) Mg +2 magnesium ion — unbound magnesium (diabetes, parathyroid function, malnutrition) MHCT, HCT, PCV microhematocrit, hematocrit, packed - cell volume (hemoconcentration, dehydration, anemia) MIC minimum inhibitory concentration — part of the C&S that determines antimicrobial selection Mono monocyte — type of white blood cell MRI magnetic resonance imaging (advanced tissue imaging) Na + sodium ion — unbound sodium (dehydration, adrenal gland disease) nRBC nucleated red blood cell — immature red blood cell (bone marrow damage, lead toxicity) PCV, HCT, MHCT packed - cell volume, hematocrit, microhematocrit (hemoconcentration, dehydration, anemia) PE physical examination pH urine pH (urinary tract infection, urolithiasis) Phos phosphorus (kidney disorders, ketoacidosis, parathyroid function) PLI pancreatic lipase immunoreactivity (pancreatitis) PLT platelet — cells involved in clotting (bleeding disorders) PT prothrombin time (bleeding disorders) PTH parathyroid hormone, parathormone (parathyroid function) Radiograph x-ray image RBC red blood cell count (anemia) REL Rocky Mountain Spotted Fever / Ehrlichia / Lyme combination test Retic reticulocyte — immature red blood cell (regenerative vs. non-regenerative anemia) RMSF Rocky Mountain Spotted Fever SAP serum alkaline phosphatase (liver disorders) Schirmer Tear Test tear production test (keratoconjunctivitis sicca — dry eye,) Seg segmented neutrophil — type of white blood cell USG Urine specific gravity (urine concentration, kidney function) spec cPL specific canine pancreatic lipase (pancreatitis)-- replaces the PLI test spec fPL specific feline pancreatic lipase (pancreatitis)-- replaces the PLI test T4 thyroxine hormone — total (thyroid gland function) TLI trypsin - like immunoreactivity (exocrine pancreatic insufficiency) TP total protein (hydration, liver disorders) TPR temperature / pulse / respirations (physical exam vital signs) Trig triglycerides (fat metabolism, liver disorders) TSH thyroid stimulating hormone (thyroid gland function) UA urinalysis (kidney function, urinary tract infection, diabetes) Urine Cortisol - Crea Ratio urine cortisol - creatine ratio (screening test for adrenal gland disease) Urine Protein - Crea Ratio urine protein - creatinine ratio (kidney disorders) VWF VonWillebrands factor (bleeding disorder) WBC white blood cell count (infection, inflammation, bone marrow suppression)

Progressive Multifocal Leukoencephalopath This is a white matter of the brain disease caused by a virus infection.

Typical conditions covered by an individual critical illness insurance policy are: cancer, stroke, heart attack, Alzheimer's disease, aortic surgery, aplastic anemia, bacterial meningitis, benign brain tumour, blindness, coma, coronary artery bypass surgery, deafness, heart valve replacement, kidney failure, loss of independent existence, loss of limbs, loss of speech, major organ failure on waiting list, major organ transplant, motor neuron disease, multiple sclerosis, occupational HIV infection, paralysis, Parkinson's disease, and severe burns.

Typical conditions covered by Critical Illness are cancer, stroke, heart attack, Alzheimer's disease, aortic surgery, aplastic anemia, bacterial meningitis, benign brain tumour, blindness, coma, coronary artery bypass surgery, deafness, heart valve replacement, kidney failure, loss of independent existence, loss of limbs, loss of speech, major organ failure on waiting list, major organ transplant, motor neuron disease, multiple sclerosis, occupational HIV infection, paralysis, Parkinson's disease, and severe burns.