Sentences with phrase «by islet cells»

Not exact matches

Using cells from cadavers, doctors have been experimentally transplanting pancreatic islets into humans for decades, but as many as 60 percent of the transplanted islets die immediately because they are cut off from their blood supply and are killed by an immune response due to direct injection into the bloodstream, and those that survive the transplant usually die within several months.

The results indicate that beta cell function does not decline with age, and instead suggest that islet function is threatened by an age - dependent impairment of vessels that support them with oxygen and nutrients,» says Per - Olof Berggren at the Rolf Luft Research Center for Diabetes and Endocrinology at Karolinska Institutet, who led the study together with Alejandro Caicedo at University of Miami Miller School of Medicine and Hong Gil Nam at DGIST in Republic of Korea.

«In the study we challenged the view that the age - dependent impairment in glucose homeostasis is solely due to intrinsic, dysfunction of islet cells, and hypothesized that it is instead affected by systemic aging factors,» says first author Joana Almaca at the Diabetes Research Institute, University of Miami.

Islet autoimmunity, detected by antibodies that appear when the immune system attacks the islet cells in the pancreas that produce insulin, is a precursor to type 1 diabIslet autoimmunity, detected by antibodies that appear when the immune system attacks the islet cells in the pancreas that produce insulin, is a precursor to type 1 diabislet cells in the pancreas that produce insulin, is a precursor to type 1 diabetes.

Cannabinoids produced by the alpha cells may in fact activate cannabinoid CB1 receptors located in the pancreatic islets.

The investigators demonstrated robust new growth of islets and their saliva - making equivalents, and by a painstaking procedure, they proved Faustman's final proposition — that spleen cells had converted to both islets and salivary tissue.?

Faustman got her idea by chance while transplanting islets, the pancreatic bodies that contain beta cells, from normal mice into others that had lost theirs to type 1, or juvenile, diabetes.

GREEN GLOB - LINS Spurred by a dose of misfolded proteins, a 20 - week - old mouse developed clumps of deformed proteins (green) in a cluster of cells called an islet (red) in its pancreas.

* In type 1 diabetes, the insulin - producing cells in the Langerhans islets of the pancreas are destroyed because they are attacked by the body's immune system (formation of islet autoantibodies against structures of the beta cells).

As before, abnormalities of islet morphology and β cells loss were studied by staining α -, β -, and δ - cells using anti-glucagon, anti-insulin, and anti-somatostatin antibodies, respectively (Fig. 7 C).

The results showed that Tg - hIAPP injected with pancreatic homogenate containing IAPP aggregates (the Tg / Tg group) exhibited an altered islet morphology characterized by the appearance of α - and δ - cells in the center of the islets, compared with the classical pattern in mice (observed in Tg / WT), in which these cells are mostly confined to the periphery of the islets (Brissova et al., 2005).

Our findings demonstrate that induction of IAPP misfolding and aggregation by administration of preformed IAPP - aggregated seeds leads to the development of marked T2D - like pathology, including severe hyperglycemia, impaired glucose homeostasis, loss of β cells, and changes in islets morphology.

To evaluate islet dysfunction and β cells damage, we studied islet morphology by staining α -, β -, and δ cells using anti-glucagon, anti-insulin, and anti-somatostatin antibodies, respectively (Fig. 4 D).

In the group of mice treated with synthetic IAPP aggregates, we observed a substantial reduction in the area of islets occupied by β cells as compared with controls untreated or treated with the same concentration of nonaggregated IAPP (Fig. 7 D).

The area of the islets occupied by β cells was significantly reduced in the Tg / Tg group, as compared with control mice.

Image analysis of stained islets was used to estimate the percentage of the islet area occupied by β cells (D) Data correspond to meand ± SE and were analyzed by one - way ANOVA, and differences were statistically significant (P = 0.0015).

Type 2 diabetes (T2D) mellitus is characterized by hyperglycemia, insulin resistance, defective insulin secretion, loss of β cell function and mass, and accumulation of amyloid in the islets of Langerhans (Stumvoll et al., 2005).

Review of «Tumor - Free Transplantation of Patient - Derived Induced Pluripotent Stem Cell Progeny for Customized Islet Regeneration» from Stem Cells Translational Medicine by Stuart P. Atkinson

SAN DIEGO and BETHESDA, MD, March 3, 2015 — ViaCyte, Inc., a privately - held regenerative medicine company with the first stem cell - derived islet replacement therapy for the treatment of diabetes in clinical trials, today announced a presentation by Dr. Eugene Brandon, Director of Strategic Relations and Project Management, at the JDRF TypeOneNation Summit.

Currently, the best approach for predicting those at risk for developing T1DM before symptoms appear is by measuring autoantibodies to islet cell antigens in the pancreas.

Our group is specifically working on improvement of islet isolation and transplantation protocols in clinical practice and the development of novel therapeutic options in the field of beta cell replacement with a clear translational «bench to bedside» approach by linking experimental research with preclinical and clinical work:

This has been evidenced by 1) increased acinar cell necrosis, 2) increased serum amylase and lipase, 3) higher hepatic damage, 4) altered liver function test, 5) increased kidney damage, 6) increase in serum urea and creatinine, 7) altered distribution of pancreatic cells, 8) increased vacoulation and irregular islets, and 9) mild fibrosis in exocrine regions.

Heninger AK, Monti P, Wilhelm C, Schwaiger P, Kuehn D, Ziegler AG, Bonifacio E. Activation of islet autoreactive naïve T cells in infants is influenced by homeostatic mechanisms and antigen presenting capacity.

Probably, these perturbations noted with islet cell functions could be a multifactorial effect and can be attributed to a reduced threshold of the beta - cells reported under MS [18] that can all be accelerated with the induction of AP by L - arginine.

SAN DIEGO, March 17, 2015 — ViaCyte, Inc., a privately - held regenerative medicine company with the first stem cell - derived islet replacement therapy for the treatment of diabetes in clinical trials, today announced a presentation by Dr. Paul Laikind, President and CEO, at the third annual Regen Med Investor Day co-hosted by the Alliance for Regenerative Medicine (ARM) and top financial firm Piper Jaffray.

TIMP - 1, previously described as being able to protect against cytokine and STZ ‐ induced β cell death [5, 6], was one of the most enriched factors in co-culture experiments using mouse and human islet cells, and the authors found that TIMP - 1 was induced by pro-inflammatory factors which are commonly associated with T1DM.

Islet transplants Insulin is normally produced by islet or beta cells in the pancIslet transplants Insulin is normally produced by islet or beta cells in the pancislet or beta cells in the pancreas.

«Chronology of islet differentiation revealed by temporal cell labeling.»

Heninger AK, Monti P, Wilhelm C, Schwaiger P, Kuehn D, Ziegler AG, Bonifacio E. Activation of islet autoreactive naive T cells in infants is influenced by homeostatic mechanisms and antigen presenting capacity.

The pluripotent stem cell process could allow researchers to make genetic changes to dampen or potentially eliminate the rejection of the pig islets by the human immune system.

The treatment could provide what the company calls a virtual cure for Type 1 diabetes, which is caused by a lack of insulin - producing «islet» cells in the pancreas.

The approach is especially promising because stem cells are a renewable source of beta cells, meaning patients can generate many more islet cells from one pancreas than could be gathered by extracting only the mature islet cells.

The far more nuanced and precise data produced by single cell analyses will allow for better understanding of pancreatic islet function and dysfunction at the cellular level.

To overcome this limitation, a team led by JAX Assistant Professor Michael Stitzel, Ph.D., isolated single cells from the pancreatic islets of both non-diabetic and type 2 diabetic subjects to obtain transcriptomes for each cell.

Type 1 Diabetes mellitus (T1D) is an autoimmune disorder characterized by a loss of function of insulin producing beta cells in pancreatic islets of langerhans leading to insulin insufficiency.

Vanderbilt University, «Improving isolation of pancreatic islets in T1D to assess alpha cell function and gene expression,» led by Drs. Al Powers and David Harlan (University of Massachusetts Medical School)

This hormone is secreted by the β cells of the pancreatic islets of Langerhans in response to increased circulating levels of glucose and amino acids after a meal.»

Alpha Lipoic Acid Monograph Alternative Medicine Review 1998 (Aug); 3 (4): 308 — 311 ~ FULL TEXT Acting as a potent antioxidant, DHLA was found to protect rat pancreatic islet cells from destruction by reactive oxygen species.

The hormone insulin is secreted by beta - cells, and glucagon is secreted by α - cells that are clumped together in little islands (islets of Langerhans) in the pancreas.

The distinct endocrine glands are the adrenals, thyroid, parathyroids, pituitary gland and islets in the pancreas, although hormones are produced by many cells in other tissues.

An inherited early - onset form of diabetes characterized by abiotrophy of islet β - cells in a line of Keeshond dogs (128), is a rare example of an «other specific type» of canine diabetes and presumably has a genetic basis.

Islet cells, stained for insulin (brown), and surrounded by a sea of atrophied exocrine tissue are relatively normal in dogs with EPI.

Diabetes is caused by degeneration of insulin - producing cells in the pancreas (in the Islets of Langerhaans to be precise).