Sentences with phrase «by lava emerging»
Partially collapsed lava tubes are visible as chains of pit craters, and broad lava fans formed by lava emerging from intact, subsurface tubes are also common.
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To satisfy microbial nutritional fitness, the research team uses mineral mixtures that mimic the Martian regolith composition from different locations and historical periods of Mars: «JSC 1A» is mainly composed of palagonite — a rock that was created by lava; «P - MRS» is rich in hydrated phyllosilicates; the sulfate containing «S - MRS,» emerging from acidic times on Mars and the highly porous «MRS07 / 52» that consists of silicate and iron compounds and simulates sediments of the Martian surface.
Once lava emerged, movement began along a newly formed crack, or dike, that sloped downward and outward inside the 2 - mile - wide by 5 - mile - long caldera.
It is caused by water coming in contact with the molten material under the Earth's crust called magma (it's lava when it emerges).