Sentences with phrase «by measuring changes»

By measuring changes in winds, rather than relying upon problematic temperature measurements, researchers estimated the atmospheric temperatures near 10 km in the Tropics rose about 0.65 degrees Celsius per decade since 1970 — probably the fastest warming rate anywhere in Earth's atmosphere.

By measuring changes in winds, rather than relying upon problematic temperature measurements, Robert J. Allen and Steven C. Sherwood of the Department of Geology and Geophysics at Yale estimated the atmospheric temperatures near 10 km in the Tropics rose about 0.65 degrees Celsius per decade since 1970 — probably the fastest warming rate anywhere in Earth's atmosphere.

Records the change in purchasing power by measuring changes, over time, in the weighted average price of consumer goods and services such as food, transport and medical care.

The government wants to evaluate the project by measuring changes in certain indicators, such as the quality of schools, and pupil progress and attainment, over the next three years.

A future annual survey of textbook usage and student achievement could do a better job of isolating the effect of individual textbooks by measuring changes in student achievement as schools transitioned from one book to another.

The MinION is a portable single - molecule DNA sequencing instrument that was released by Oxford Nanopore Technologies in 2014, producing long sequencing reads by measuring changes in ionic flow when single - stranded DNA molecules translocate through the pores.

Eigler's breakthrough was made possible thanks to the invention of the scanning tunneling microscope (STM) by Gerd Binning and Heinrich Rohrer in 1981, a device that made possible the imaging of atoms by measuring changes in the way electrons hop between a sharp probe and a specimen, as the probe shifts position.

It does this by measuring changes in the distance between its two identical spacecraft to one - hundredth the width of a human hair.

The researchers are also exploring whether there are any non-target effects by measuring changes in the bat skin microbiome (both fungal and bacterial communities).

It does so by measuring changes in blood - oxygen levels in different areas.

John Belisle at Colorado State University and his colleagues wondered whether the diseases could be distinguished by measuring the changes each causes to the abundance of specific metabolites in the blood.

Traditionally, metal oxide semiconductor (MOS) sensors are used to detect the binding of biomolecules to a surface by measuring changes in charge.

The physiological basis of this variation was investigated by measuring changes in energy storage and expenditure in 16 nonobese volunteers who were fed 1000 kilocalories per day in excess of weight - maintenance requirements for 8 weeks.

«We determined the weather on these alien worlds by measuring changes as the planets circle their host stars, and identifying the day - night cycle,» said Lisa Esteves, a PhD candidate in the Department of Astronomy & Astrophysics at the University of Toronto, and lead author of the study published today in The Astrophysical Journal.

These inertial measurement units, or IMUs, determine a target's location by measuring changes in acceleration since the last GPS reading.

By measuring the changes in the platinum film's resistance, the researchers can detect minute motions, such as vibrations resembling a ladybug flapping its wings, they report online today in Nature.

With this noninvasive method, researchers may be able to follow the progression of many brain disorders, including epilepsy and Alzheimer's disease, by measuring changes in synaptic density over time.

By measuring changes in the levels of proteins that control each cell death program and by observing the cells» physical changes, the team saw clearly that cocaine causes neuronal cell death through out - of - control autophagy.

They first isolated a buckyball on a metal surface with a scanning tunneling microscope (STM), which images the atomic contours of a surface by measuring changes in the electrical current that travels between the surface and an ultrasharp tip that scans across it.

By measuring changes in the light reflected from the clouds, they found that the clouds appear to wax and wane in prevalence over a 27 - day cycle.

With PET scans and functional MRI, we can observe fluctuations in brain activity by measuring changes in blood flow and levels of nutrients.

This long - wave radiation penetrates the dust, and by measuring the change in its wavelength — its Doppler shift — we can work out a cloud's speed towards or away from us.

I wanted to see the electrons move, not just to explain their motion by measuring a change of light transmission and reflection in the material,» said Prof Keshav Dani, leader of Unit.

The distance to quasars, as well as to most galaxies, is established by measuring a change in their light known as a redshift.

We study the group velocity of single photons by measuring a change in their arrival time that results from changing the beam's transverse spatial structure.

By measuring the changing frequency of the signals as the chopper passed each one, the researchers determined the approximate location, altitude, speed, and flight direction of the craft.

By measuring this change in speed, the researchers were able to establish the duration of the photoemission event with zeptosecond precision.

By measuring this change, the device can identify and determine the concentration of the molecule.

By measuring the change in speed, the team found the strength of the field to be much stronger than expected, and at least five times more powerful than at Earth.

We thought we'd assess the direct environmental impact by measuring the change in the landscape resulting from all this construction activity.

At that point you try and measure changes in heat content of the upper ocean, more precisely, the flow of energy into and out of the upper ocean by measuring the change in heat content over time.

NAR's study examined intensifying or lessoning inequality by measuring the change in the number of owners and renters during the recent period of rising home values.

Not exact matches

... If you want to change the world, measure a person by the size of their heart, not the size of their flippers.

Zuckerberg says that «by making these changes, I expect the time people spend on Facebook and some measures of engagement will go down.»

Of course, beyond the major geographical changes as a result of the meteors, there's a new season of «Fortnite» — the most popular game in the world, by some measures — for millions of players to dig into.

The new measures would build on a number of energy — and environment - related executive orders signed by Trump seeking to gut most of the climate change regulations put in place by predecessor President Barack Obama.

By the time she delivered a commencement speech at Smith College in 2013, she was preaching the gospel of a good night's sleep and asking graduates to measure their lives by a «third metric» — changing the world for the better — in addition to those timeless standards, money and poweBy the time she delivered a commencement speech at Smith College in 2013, she was preaching the gospel of a good night's sleep and asking graduates to measure their lives by a «third metric» — changing the world for the better — in addition to those timeless standards, money and poweby a «third metric» — changing the world for the better — in addition to those timeless standards, money and power.

Sometimes this is measured, erroneously, by changes in key personnel.

fMRI (Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging) «is a functional neuroimaging procedure using MRI technology that measures brain activity by detecting changes associated with blood flow,» according to Wikipedia.

When Trump finished yelling at her, she said, she suggested that he change his ads to say the apartments were the most expensive when measured by the price per room.

What's more, two regulatory changes are approaching that would reverse measures made by Obama to ease the application process for high - skilled foreign workers.

Indeed, Trump's proposed budget cuts funding for the Environmental Protection Agency by 31 %, and specifically eliminates measures designed to preserve clean air and water and ward off climate change — including Obama - era legislation amending the longstanding Clean Air Act and creating what is literally known as the Clean Water Rule.

Management believes these measures offer the ability to make period - to - period comparisons that are not impacted by certain items that can cause dramatic changes in reported operating results, to perform trend analysis, to better identify operating trends that may otherwise be masked or distorted by these types of items and to provide additional transparency of certain items.

Implications from deeper understanding of your customers typically involve changes in how you measure sales effectiveness, performance reviews, incentives, product mix, channels and sometimes «addition by subtraction,» or the process of improving performance by not selling to certain types of customers.

These risks and uncertainties include: Gilead's ability to achieve its anticipated full year 2018 financial results; Gilead's ability to sustain growth in revenues for its antiviral and other programs; the risk that private and public payers may be reluctant to provide, or continue to provide, coverage or reimbursement for new products, including Vosevi, Yescarta, Epclusa, Harvoni, Genvoya, Odefsey, Descovy, Biktarvy and Vemlidy ®; austerity measures in European countries that may increase the amount of discount required on Gilead's products; an increase in discounts, chargebacks and rebates due to ongoing contracts and future negotiations with commercial and government payers; a larger than anticipated shift in payer mix to more highly discounted payer segments and geographic regions and decreases in treatment duration; availability of funding for state AIDS Drug Assistance Programs (ADAPs); continued fluctuations in ADAP purchases driven by federal and state grant cycles which may not mirror patient demand and may cause fluctuations in Gilead's earnings; market share and price erosion caused by the introduction of generic versions of Viread and Truvada, an uncertain global macroeconomic environment; and potential amendments to the Affordable Care Act or other government action that could have the effect of lowering prices or reducing the number of insured patients; the possibility of unfavorable results from clinical trials involving investigational compounds; Gilead's ability to initiate clinical trials in its currently anticipated timeframes; the levels of inventory held by wholesalers and retailers which may cause fluctuations in Gilead's earnings; Kite's ability to develop and commercialize cell therapies utilizing the zinc finger nuclease technology platform and realize the benefits of the Sangamo partnership; Gilead's ability to submit new drug applications for new product candidates in the timelines currently anticipated; Gilead's ability to receive regulatory approvals in a timely manner or at all, for new and current products, including Biktarvy; Gilead's ability to successfully commercialize its products, including Biktarvy; the risk that physicians and patients may not see advantages of these products over other therapies and may therefore be reluctant to prescribe the products; Gilead's ability to successfully develop its hematology / oncology and inflammation / respiratory programs; safety and efficacy data from clinical studies may not warrant further development of Gilead's product candidates, including GS - 9620 and Yescarta in combination with Pfizer's utomilumab; Gilead's ability to pay dividends or complete its share repurchase program due to changes in its stock price, corporate or other market conditions; fluctuations in the foreign exchange rate of the U.S. dollar that may cause an unfavorable foreign currency exchange impact on Gilead's future revenues and pre-tax earnings; and other risks identified from time to time in Gilead's reports filed with the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission (the SEC).

There are important lessons in these changes for those of us who are focused on and measured by our performance and by the results we achieve.

Determination of the National Average Wage Index for 2016 To determine the national average wage index for calendar year 2016, we multiplied the 2015 national average wage index of 48,098.63 by the percentage change in average wages from 2015 to 2016, as measured by annual wage data we tabulated.

2 The percentage change has been calculated using actual exchange rates in use during the comparative prior year period to enhance the visibility of the underlying business trends by excluding the impact of translation arising from foreign currency exchange rate fluctuations, which is considered a non-GAAP financial measure.

These results come from a survey of 1,848 Canadians conducted December 12 to 14, 2016, by Abacus Data at the request of Clean Energy Canada, measuring Canadians» views of climate and clean energy policy issues, including the new Pan-Canadian Framework on Clean Growth and Climate Change.

Despite interest rates remaining very low by historical measures, any dental organization looking to utilize external funding for projects this fiscal year should be aware of potential changes and possible budget implications.