«By studying Saturn's moon Titan, which although being an icy moon can be considered something like the Solar System's rocky planets, we have discovered rainstorms produced
by methane rather than water, and we have found that Titan's meteorology has things in common with Earth's tropics,» said Del Genio.
Not exact matches
They determined a material with less than 90 percent carbon and enhanced
by oxygen,
rather than nitrogen or sulfur, worked best for both carbon capture and
methane selectivity, especially for materials activated at temperatures approaching 800 degrees Celsius.
By studying the planet's infrared glow, the astronomers discovered that its air abounds with the carbon - bearing molecules carbon monoxide and
methane, implying that the planet could have carbide (a compound of carbon and metal)
rather than silicate in its interior.
The new modeling work, led
by Tetsuya Tokano of the University of Cologne, Germany, shows that the same processes could be at work on Titan as well, except that it is
methane rather than water that evaporates from the seas.
And now new research indicates that the structures are not human - made at all,
rather they are natural formations sculpted
by the breakdown of
methane gas within the ocean floor — millions of years before civilization.
A June 2017 study
by the Center for Arctic, Gas Hydrate, Environment and Climate (CAGE) concluded those unexpected
methane blasts,
rather than gradual releases, are a big problem.
Wow, that's an interesting scientific approach to a new phenomenon, assuming that it's unique (there are now two other examples,
by the way) assuming that the emissions were of gaseous
methane under pressure
rather than solid
methane hydrate continuing to dissociate, assuming no
methane flows in from surrounding areas, and so on.
By basing the levy on emissions
rather than carbon all greenhouse gases stand on a common level, sequestration is strongly encouraged as well as such simple things as capturing
methane from oil wells and garbage dumps (that gets built into the cost of disposal).
Because the carbon that stimulates
methane production is primarily dissolved organic carbon carried downward through the peat
by rainwater
rather than the solid - phase carbon that forms peat, this change in transport depth doubled the peak production zones for
methane.
It is important to note that the amount of
methane liberated
by these initial eruption events is likely
rather small — when considered on the global scale.
However, new research led
by Princeton University researchers and published in The ISME Journal in August suggests that, thanks to
methane - hungry bacteria, the majority of Arctic soil might actually be able to absorb
methane from the atmosphere
rather than release it.
But for natural gas to truly play a bridging role, guardrails will need to be in place, for example,
by ensuring that natural gas displaces coal generation (
rather than merely adding to it) and supporting other measures like carbon pricing,
methane regulations, and renewable portfolio standards (Lazarus et al. 2015).
These costs remain the same irrespective of whether the
methane emission is delayed
by up to 20 years, kicking in at 2035
rather than 2015, or stretched out over two or three decades,
rather than one.
BTW, I wonder about how the
methane release paper you linked to has been impacted
by the
rather sudden change in atmospheric
methane growth rate (near zero)... that seems not to have been anticipated, AFAIK.
Since
methane clathrates are stable at a higher temperature than liquefied natural gas (LNG)(− 20 vs − 162 °C), there is some interest in converting natural gas into clathrates
rather than liquifying it when transporting it
by seagoing vessels.
It's counterproductive, except to make money
by releasing the
methane for sure,
rather than leave the strata alone and focus the money and effort on non-carbon infrastructure and conservation as fast as possible.
Published last week in the journal Science, researchers from New Zealand's National Institute of Water and Atmospheric Research (NIWA) found that the majority of
methane released into the atmosphere since 2006 was produced
by bacteria, pointing to sources like agriculture —
rather than sources like fossil fuel production or the burning of organic material — as the culprit behind the increase in
methane levels.