Sentences with phrase «by models of climate»

Not exact matches

Darin Kingston of d.light, whose profitable solar - powered LED lanterns simultaneously address poverty, education, air pollution / toxic fumes / health risks, energy savings, carbon footprint, and more Janine Benyus, biomimicry pioneer who finds models in the natural world for everything from extracting water from fog (as a desert beetle does) to construction materials (spider silk) to designing flood - resistant buildings by studying anthills in India's monsoon climate, and shows what's possible when you invite the planet to join your design thinking team Dean Cycon, whose coffee company has not only exclusively sold organic fairly traded gourmet coffee and cocoa beans since its founding in 1993, but has funded dozens of village - led community development projects in the lands where he sources his beans John Kremer, whose concept of exponential growth through «biological marketing,» just as a single kernel of corn grows into a plant bearing thousands of new kernels, could completely change your business strategy Amory Lovins of the Rocky Mountain Institute, who built a near - net - zero - energy luxury home back in 1983, and has developed a scientific, economically viable plan to get the entire economy off oil, coal, and nuclear and onto renewables — while keeping and even improving our high standard of living

True believers in the dominant model tell us that the solution of our problems is to reduce taxes on corporations and the rich, reduce government services to the poor and middle class, improve the climate for business by reducing work place and environmental protections and minimum wage requirements, privatizing public services, and facilitating the investment of capital overseas.

By conserving land, protecting forests for carbon storage and absorption of green house gas emissions, and actively managing our lands for climate resiliency we can act as a model for statewide organizations and land trusts.

The main efforts of governments continues to focus too on a top - down structure of climate governance, guided by a «targets and timetables» approach that mirrors the Montreal model.

Back then, it said that the planet was warming at a rate of 0.2 C every decade — a figure it claimed was in line with the forecasts made by computer climate models.

Regardless of what climate models find, investigating these long - distance links in weather could also pay off by improving risk prediction and forecasts.

«We have to think of religious identity as the central mental model and framework and belief system by which many Americans, if not a majority of Americans, are going to come to understand climate change,» he said.

New climate model projections of the world's coral reefs reveal which reefs will be hit first by annual coral bleaching, an event that poses the gravest threat to one of the Earth's most important ecosystems.

Instead progress is generally made by a painstaking piecing together of evidence from every new temperature measurement, satellite sounding or climate - model experiment.

Whether it can be relied upon by government and if the details of collecting and processing it are disclosed «and documented with enough detail» to reliably capture new science for weather and climate models will be important.

Climate models predict that the hottest seasons on record will become the norm by the end of the century — an outcome that bodes ill for feeding the world

The data is important for climate change models, since the emissions released by thawing permafrost could significantly affect levels of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere.

Climate models in the IPCC's latest report indicate that to keep within the 2 C target by 2100, the world would have to emit close to zero, or even negative, quantities of greenhouse gases by 2050.

While large - scale climate research models offer a systems view of what the transport sector, for example, could contribute to climate protection in comparison to the energy sector, the study presented in Science, however, examines transport - related issues within the sector by using more recent and more specific data on how people commute and travel.

According to Greg Okin, a professor of geography at the University of California, Los Angeles, «Climate models predict that the Southwest should get warmer and drier, and that by 2050 soil moisture could be lower than the US Dust Bowl Era.»

Forecasts without systematic errors: climate models, such as the model MPI - ESM LR of the Max Planck Institute for Meteorology, predict a significant increase in temperature by the end of this century, especially at the Earth's poles.

The researchers were able to test their hypothesis that stronger winds were driving the ocean heat uptake by putting the observations of wind behavior into climate models.

With this new, aggregate climate map in hand, they turned to a technique used primarily by ecologists and biologists, called species distribution modeling, to identify fire - prone regions of the globe.

On a millennial time scale, conventional climate models underestimated the variations of sea surface temperatures reconstructed from climate archives by a factor of 50.

The researchers from Wageningen University & Research, Bogor Agricultural University in Indonesia, University of East Anglia and the Center for International Forestry Research analysed the spatially distributed pattern of hydrological drought, that is the drought in groundwater recharge, in Borneo using a simple transient water balance model driven by monthly climate data from the period 1901 - 2015.

The wind speeds and directions predicted by the climate model explain phenomena such as the dominance of the seas by the Iron Fleet, the likely attack plans of invading dragon hordes from Essos, and the trading routes between Westeros and the Free cities across the Narrow Sea.

The model calculations, which are based on data from the CLOUD experiment, reveal that the cooling effects of clouds are 27 percent less than in climate simulations without this effect as a result of additional particles caused by human activity: Instead of a radiative effect of -0.82 W / m2 the outcome is only -0.60 W / m2.

But scientists from the Universities of Bristol, Cardiff, and Southampton have gone one stage further, by using a Climate Model to simulate and explore the climate of the world of Game of TClimate Model to simulate and explore the climate of the world of Game of Tclimate of the world of Game of Thrones.

If so, the increased frequency and intensity of heat waves forecast by climate change models could bring about considerable changes to these environments,» Orizaola concludes.

The study was partially funded by Columbia University Research Initiatives for Science and Engineering (RISE) award; the Office of Naval Research; NOAA's Climate Program Office's Modeling, Analysis, Predictions and Projections; Willis Research Network; and the National Science Foundation.

Landerer and his colleagues modelled the changes that would occur if the most realistic estimates made by the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change — a doubling of carbon dioxide levels by 2100 compared with 2000 — were to become reality.

The models used by the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change, called Coupled Model Intercomparison Project - 5 (CMIP - 5), are the best physical models of climate change avaClimate Change, called Coupled Model Intercomparison Project - 5 (CMIP - 5), are the best physical models of climate change avaclimate change available.

By improving the understanding of how much radiation CO2 absorbs, uncertainties in modelling climate change will be reduced and more accurate predictions can be made about how much Earth is likely to warm over the next few decades.

The study uses a model of China's economy and energy output, called C - GEM, developed by scholars at the Tsinghua - MIT China Energy and Climate Project.

Recent modelling by researchers from the Potsdam Institute for Climate Impact Research in Germany, as well as studies of past climate, suggest that the planet will soon have warmed enough to melt Greenland's ice sheet entirely — if it hasn't already become warm Climate Impact Research in Germany, as well as studies of past climate, suggest that the planet will soon have warmed enough to melt Greenland's ice sheet entirely — if it hasn't already become warm climate, suggest that the planet will soon have warmed enough to melt Greenland's ice sheet entirely — if it hasn't already become warm enough.

«They are using this information to test state - of - the - art climate models under conditions of high atmospheric carbon dioxide concentrations, similar to those expected by the end of this century.»

Three approaches were used to evaluate the outstanding «carbon budget» (the total amount of CO2 emissions compatible with a given global average warming) for 1.5 °C: re-assessing the evidence provided by complex Earth System Models, new experiments with an intermediate - complexity model, and evaluating the implications of current ranges of uncertainty in climate system properties using a simple model.

Other crowdsourced projects include labeling aerial photos of Mongolia in a quest to find Genghis Khan's tomb and improving climate models by poring over World War I ship logs for weather information.

EPRI's conclusions about energy technology gains were fed into a second computer model to assess the costs of stripping 80 percent of 1990 - level carbon emissions out of the electricity sector by 2050, approximating the goal of the House - passed climate bill.

Global climate models predict that already - wet regions, such as the northeastern United States, will get even wetter by the end of the century if carbon dioxide levels reach 717 parts per million.

And by carefully measuring and modeling the resulting changes in atmospheric composition, scientists could improve their estimate of how sensitive Earth's climate is to CO2, said lead author Joyce Penner, a professor of atmospheric science at the University of Michigan whose work focuses on improving global climate models and their ability to model the interplay between clouds and aerosol particles.

A new climate change modeling tool developed by scientists at Indiana University, Princeton University and the National Oceanographic and Atmospheric Administration finds that carbon dioxide removal from the atmosphere owing to greater plant growth from rising CO2 levels will be partially offset by changes in the activity of soil microbes that derive their energy from plant root growth.

This enabled the team to estimate how temperature - related mortality rates will change under alternative scenarios of climate change, defined by the four Representative Concentration Pathways (RCPs) established by the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change for climate modelling and research iclimate change, defined by the four Representative Concentration Pathways (RCPs) established by the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change for climate modelling and research iClimate Change for climate modelling and research iclimate modelling and research in 2014.

«There is a growing need for modeling activities by which we can assess the impacts of climate change in the different parts of the world,» Pachauri says.

Over the past 34 years, rainfall in Uganda has decreased by about 12 percent even though many of the global climate models predict an increase in rainfall for the area, according to an international team of researchers.

Today's climate models are more sophisticated than ever — but they're still limited by our knowledge of the Earth.

The model has already been integrated into the next generation of the global land model used for climate simulations by the NOAA Geophysical Fluid Dynamics Laboratory, a major national climate modeling center.

CUMULUS CAUSALITY In «A Formula for Economic Calamity,» by David H. Freedman, David Colander of Middlebury College asserts that climate models often have no terms to account for the effects of clouds.

Using statistically modeled maps drawn from satellite data and other sources, U.S. Geological Survey scientists have projected that the near - surface permafrost that presently underlies 38 percent of boreal and arctic Alaska would be reduced by 16 to 24 percent by the end of the 21st century under widely accepted climate scenarios.

A U.S. Forest Service (USFS) study found that between 53 and 97 percent of natural trout populations in the Southern Appalachian region of the U.S. could disappear due to warmer temperatures predicted by global climate change models.

Based on a peatland model developed at the University of York and latest climate change predictions, the researchers warn that by 2051 - 80 the dunlin could see a 50 % decline in numbers, with the golden plover down 30 % and the red grouse down by 15 %, all driven by declining abundance of the birds» crane fly prey.

One positive finding of the ecological niche modelling study is that while the ranges of many species are expected to contract, much of the remaining suitable habitat for many species will be located within existing protected areas, and that the recent creation of new reserves such as Itombwe and Kabobo in the Democratic Republic of Congo, have greatly increased the protection of some species under threat by future climate change.

About 80 percent of the 23 climate models used by the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change predict some degree of drought in the Amazon if greenhouse gas emissions keep climbing, hclimate models used by the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change predict some degree of drought in the Amazon if greenhouse gas emissions keep climbing, hClimate Change predict some degree of drought in the Amazon if greenhouse gas emissions keep climbing, he said.

The resulting outburst of methane produced effects similar to those predicted by current models of global climate change: a sudden, extreme rise in temperatures, combined with acidification of the oceans.

Naga Oshima of the Meteorological Research Institute conducted the global climate model calculations to obtain temperature anomalies caused by various amounts of soot injected into the stratosphere.