Sentences with phrase «by nerve cells in»

Shenoy's lab pioneered the algorithms used to decode the complex volleys of electrical signals fired by nerve cells in the motor cortex, the brain's command center for movement, and convert them in real time into actions ordinarily executed by spinal cord and muscles.

The neurotransmitter acetylcholine is released by nerve cells in the brain when people or mice are under mild stress or concentrating on learning something new.

Not exact matches

Chemotherapy works by killing cancer cells by targeting fast - dividing cells, and in most cases, kills off some healthy cells along the way, including nerve cells in the brain.

Thus, at the lowest level, electrons tend to unite and converge in the atom; atoms converge by molecularization, crystallization; molecules unite by polymerization; cells unite by conjugation, reproduction, association; nerve ganglions concentrate and localize to form a brain by what might be called a process of cephalization; the higher animal groups form colonies, hives, herds, societies, etc.; man socializes and forms civilizations as foci of attraction and organization.

It is considered an inhibitory neurotransmitter, which means it regulates brain and nerve cell activity by inhibiting the number of neurons firing in the brain.

It is commonly known that calcium is required for strong bones and teeth, but it is little acknowledged that calcium is actually required by every cell in the body to function in a healthful way: from bones to nerves and muscles to blood, calcium serves a significant purpose throughout the body.

Found in the sensory nerve cells of vertebrates, TRPM8 typically sends a sensation of cold to the brain when activated by low temperatures.

The nonsense in dreams is caused by random electrical noise in nerve cells, asserted Hobson, a kind of cellular static; repression had nothing to do with it.

Yu said the impairment of sensory nerve regeneration in diabetic corneas is due to decreased ciliary neurotrophic factor, as evidenced by the fact that dendritic cells express ciliary neurotrophic factor (CNTF) in normal and healing corneas but decrease in diabetic corneas due to the reduced infiltration of dendritic cells.

Qi concluded that the peptide reduced nerve cell impairment caused by Huntington's disease in the animal model.

But their prominence at sites where nerve cells are damaged by the disease means they deserve careful scrutiny in the desperate search for ways to arrest the most salient cause of dementia.

Blood from people affected by the 2014 Zika outbreak in French Polynesia provides the first evidence that the virus can make the immune system attack nerve cells

There was another intriguing connection: Acinetobacter are molecular mimics of proteins found in myelin, the nerve cell coating that the immune system attacks in MS.. That suggests the bacteria might trigger immune attacks that hit myelin, too, as when soldiers who inadvertently resemble the enemy get hit by friendly fire.

In nerve cells, opening ion channels is a crucial step in generating action potentials — the signals by which the cells communicate in the braiIn nerve cells, opening ion channels is a crucial step in generating action potentials — the signals by which the cells communicate in the braiin generating action potentials — the signals by which the cells communicate in the braiin the brain.

The disease is caused by a genetic mutation that leads to abnormal clumps of protein in the brain, eventually resulting in the atrophy and death of nerve cells.

Test - tube experiments showed that BMAA can kill motor nerve cells in the spinal cord, the very ones destroyed by ALS.

GABA has been known for decades to be a key neurotransmitter in the brain, a chemical that nerve cells use to communicate with each other, but its role in the pancreas was unknown until the 2011 paper by Drs. Prud «homme and Wang.

A single genetic mutation made the Zika virus far more dangerous by enhancing its ability to kill nerve cells in developing brains, a new study suggests.

In his thirties, he learned about a new way to stain tissue developed by the Italian Camillo Golgi: a new silver - based stain that turned some nerve cells completely black while leaving most others entirely untouched, rendering the delicate branches of the nerve processes clearly visible (as seen in the image on the leftIn his thirties, he learned about a new way to stain tissue developed by the Italian Camillo Golgi: a new silver - based stain that turned some nerve cells completely black while leaving most others entirely untouched, rendering the delicate branches of the nerve processes clearly visible (as seen in the image on the leftin the image on the left).

Funded by the National Institutes of Health and Air Force Office of Scientific Research, Drs. Wiesel and Hubel, in 1958, were seeking to determine how certain nerve cells, or neurons, responded to stimuli.

«Our data clearly showed that one of the protein receptors on white blood cells called CXCR3 brings white blood cells to the optic nerve in response to production of its binding partner CXCL10 by damaged nerve tissue,» said Zhang.

«Retinal nerve cells grown in the lab: Work could eventually lead to cell transplants for people blinded by glaucoma, MS.» ScienceDaily.

For one thing, recent studies show that cannabinoids manufactured by our own nerve cells play a crucial role in wiring the brain, both prenatally and during adolescence.

Endometriosis is caused by uterus lining (endometrium) cells moving elsewhere in the body where they can compress nerves and bleed in time with a woman's menstrual cycle.

Nerve cells in the brain, or neurons, are known to communicate among themselves by transmitting electrical signals, aided by chemical signaling at the synapses connecting the neurons.

In previous studies, researchers have successfully differentiated stem cells into heart, liver, pancreas or nerve cells by adding certain chemicals, but kidney cells have proved challenging.

They also tested other chemicals known to prevent the other two forms of cellular suicide, but only CGP3466B protected mouse nerve cells in the brain from death by cocaine.

In their study, Mazzolini and co-workers found that depending on the region of the cell being hit by the light, the electrical response of the nerve changes.

But according to Michael McKeown, a developmental geneticist at the Salk Institute in La Jolla, California, fru's presence in nine small clusters of fly nerve cells — including several previously mapped by Hall as «courtship centers» — may begin to give researchers «a handle on how the neural circuits that generate complex behaviors are put together.»

«We have shown that pericytes initiate the increase in blood flow seen when nerve cells become active, so we now know that functional imaging signals are caused by a pericyte - mediated increase of capillary diameter.

The switch works by regulating the activity of a handful of sleep - promoting nerve cells, or neurons, in the brain.

A new study from The Scripps Research Institute (TSRI) is the first to show precisely how a process in nerve cells called the S - nitrosylation (SNO) reaction — which can be caused by aging, pesticides and pollution — may contribute to Parkinson's disease.

The gene in question, apolipoprotein E (apoE), codes for a protein in the brain's astrocyte cells that seems to help spur nerve cell growth and clear up debris from neuronal injuries brought by head trauma, stroke, or cerebral hemorrhage.

In a study led by Duke Health and published in the journal Alcoholism: Clinical and Experimental Research, scientists demonstrate in rats that a short duration of the drug donepezil can reverse both structural and genetic damage that bouts of alcohol use causes in neurons, or nerve cells, in the young braiIn a study led by Duke Health and published in the journal Alcoholism: Clinical and Experimental Research, scientists demonstrate in rats that a short duration of the drug donepezil can reverse both structural and genetic damage that bouts of alcohol use causes in neurons, or nerve cells, in the young braiin the journal Alcoholism: Clinical and Experimental Research, scientists demonstrate in rats that a short duration of the drug donepezil can reverse both structural and genetic damage that bouts of alcohol use causes in neurons, or nerve cells, in the young braiin rats that a short duration of the drug donepezil can reverse both structural and genetic damage that bouts of alcohol use causes in neurons, or nerve cells, in the young braiin neurons, or nerve cells, in the young braiin the young brain.

The study, which was led by postdoc Gregor Pilz and PhD student Sara Bottes, used in vivo 2 - photon imaging and genetic labeling of neural stem cells in order to observe stem cell divisions as they happened, and to follow the maturation of new nerve cells for up to two months.

Writing in 2014 in the European Journal of Neuroscience, Leuner and colleagues reported that in rats with symptoms of postpartum depression (induced by stress during pregnancy, a major risk factor for postpartum depression in women), nerve cells in the nucleus accumbens atrophied and showed fewer protrusions called dendritic spines — suggesting weaker connections to surrounding nerve cells compared with healthy rats.

Previous studies have shown that the ability of adult mice to grow new nerve cells in the hippocampus can be influenced by genetic background, Gage says, suggesting that this ability may vary widely across species.

The drug works by stopping toxic ion flow in the brain that is known to trigger nerve cell death.

By reinsulating damaged nerves and regenerating nerve cells, Schwann cell transplants have earned their stripes in paralyzed mouse, pig and primate studies over the past decade.

The Harvard researchers began by analysing the three - dimensional structure of the small region of the nerve cell sheath protein that is targeted by immune cells in MS patients.

«In this exciting new study, the authors provide support for a new experimental treatment approach that works by helping nerve cells digest toxic proteins that might otherwise cause cell death,» said John Krystal, Editor of Biological Psychiatry.

But if the HLA - A2 gene turns out to be the culprit, then the immune system is probably involved somehow in Alzheimer's symptoms, says Payami, perhaps by damaging nerve cells.

Scientists at the Virginia Tech Carilion Research Institute (VTCRI) have revealed the pathology of cells and structures stricken by optic nerve hypoplasia, a leading cause of childhood blindness in developed nations.

The activities of cells in multicellular animals are co-ordinated by chemical messengers and nerve cells.

Two different inherited genetic variations in two different families of children with ASD «converged» to produce the same changes in nerve function and behavior, the researchers report in EBioMedicine, a new online translational medicine journal published by editors at The Lancet and Cell Press.

SMA is caused by a mutation in a gene that is vital for the survival of nerve cells that connect the brain and spinal cord to the muscles, known as motor neurons.

In a 2011 study, they showed that CBD helps treat MS - like symptoms in mice by preventing immune cells in their bodies from transforming and attacking the insulating covers of nerve cells in the spinal corIn a 2011 study, they showed that CBD helps treat MS - like symptoms in mice by preventing immune cells in their bodies from transforming and attacking the insulating covers of nerve cells in the spinal corin mice by preventing immune cells in their bodies from transforming and attacking the insulating covers of nerve cells in the spinal corin their bodies from transforming and attacking the insulating covers of nerve cells in the spinal corin the spinal cord.

The authors found that if they blocked lactate release by glia or uptake by nerve cells, they produced a long - lasting prevention of cocaine relapse in rodents.

Studies in animals indicated that in branches of the nerve that exit from the back of the brain and wrap around various parts of the face and head, overactive cells would respond to typically benign lights, sounds and smells by releasing chemicals that transmit pain signals and cause migraine.

A team led by Linda Buck of Harvard Medical School in Boston was able to test this proposition with mouse olfactory nerve cells.