Sentences with phrase «by nitrogen and oxygen»

Yet, scattering by nitrogen and oxygen can only explain how sunsets can be orange and perhaps reddish, not how the sky can blush blood red.

Not exact matches

Nor is it particularly important to know the chemical composition of a man, except for the purposes of amusing or shocking audiences in popular lectures by telling them that they are so much hydrogen, oxygen, carbon, nitrogen, potassium, sulfur, and so on, worth one dollar and ninety - eight cents on the current market in chemicals.

The oxygen removal is performed by a nitrogen or carbon dioxide current, by vacuum, or by a combination of both and has a capacity to process up to 13,200 gallons / hour.

There are basically two types of lines, those produced by collisions between the atoms or ions and the electrons in the surrounding gas, which are called collision lines, and which are very bright for elements such as oxygen, nitrogen and neon, and lines which are produced when ions capture free electrons, which are called recombination lines, and which are bright only for those gases with the highest abundances in the interstellar medium: hydrogen and helium.

The test, which could be available to patients within two years, identifies the chemical signatures found in the plasma of blood joint proteins damaged by oxidation, nitration and glycation; the modification of proteins with oxygen, nitrogen and sugar molecules.

They determined a material with less than 90 percent carbon and enhanced by oxygen, rather than nitrogen or sulfur, worked best for both carbon capture and methane selectivity, especially for materials activated at temperatures approaching 800 degrees Celsius.

LA's smog is caused by sunlight driving chemical reactions between oxygen, nitrogen compounds and hydrocarbons in the lower atmosphere.

For years scientists have known that nitrogen and phosphorus, which commonly enter freshwater lakes in chemical fertilizers, play a role in eutrophication — the process by which algal blooms, turbidity, and oxygen deficiencies turn a lake into a dead zone, largely devoid of animal life.

The heat absorbed by water vapor and carbon dioxide is shared with all the nitrogen, oxygen and argon, because the latter molecules are always bumping into water vapor and carbon dioxide as they mix in the atmosphere.

The color difference occurs because Earth's auroras are dominated by excited nitrogen and oxygen molecules, and Saturn's auroras are dominated by excited hydrogen molecules.

Now a report in the 26 January Physical Review Letters suggests that searing hot temperatures generated inside the bubbles drive out nitrogen and oxygen, leaving behind a stunning light show produced by the trace gas argon.

By the way, this effect is most prevalent when the particles that do the scattering are smaller than the wavelength of light, as is the case for the nitrogen and oxygen molecules in the atmosphere.

Heavy elements such as oxygen and nitrogen — spat out by dying stars — boost the rate of nuclear reactions.

The researchers tested a variety of solutions containing the soil bacteria Geobacter sulfurreducens and Thiobacillus denitrificans, which thrive by eating acetate (an organic compound that makes vinegar sour) and nitrate (a negatively - charged molecule of biologically available nitrogen and oxygen), respectively, when they can find a spare electron or two.

The near - infrared mapping spectrometer on NASA's Galileo spacecraft found evidence of the presence of molecules made of oxygen, carbon, sulfur, hydrogen, and nitrogen on Europa, and a hint of the presence of a class of complex organic compounds called tholins which may be driven by pre-biotic processes (more).

Some of these light - element nuclei also might be produced by cosmic rays shattering atoms of carbon, nitrogen, oxygen, and other elements in the interstellar medium.

When the star's ultraviolet radiation strikes the gases in the nebula, they heat up, giving out radiation ranging in wavelength from blue — emitted by hot oxygen in the bubble near the star — to yellow — emitted by hot hydrogen and nitrogen.

XRD data of all the flash states studied revealed an anomalous diffraction signal from Mn that is not complicated by signals from the overall protein matrix of carbon, nitrogen, oxygen and other metals, or even by the Ca atom, which is a part of the five atom Mn4Ca metalloenzyme complex.

Nitrogen, in the form of nitric oxide (one nitrogen atom and one oxygen atom), has been detected for the first time on the surface of Mars by a team of researchers using the Sample Analysis at Mars (SAM) instrument suite aboard NASA's Curiosity rover, adding to the growing speculation that life could have once flourished on ancient Mars.

Light emitted by oxygen is shown as blue, hydrogen emission is shown as green, and nitrogen emission as red light.

Highly energetic gamma - and X-rays, with wavelengths as small as or smaller than atoms, are absorbed by oxygen and nitrogen in the upper atmosphere.

«The widespread effects could include vertical transport of carbon, nitrogen, [and] oxygen by the organisms,» John Dabiri, one of the researchers behind the new study, told Earther in an email.

Instead their spectra are dominated by broad emission lines of highly ionized helium, nitrogen, carbon and sometimes oxygen.

If I'm understanding this correctly, then, much of what's doing the re-radiating is ordinary oxygen and nitrogen that have had the energy from excited CO2 (and other greenhouse gases) transferred to them by collisions.

Free radicals are released by cellular mechanisms responding to impact and cardio - muscular stress - specifically reactive oxygen and nitrogen species (RONS).

It packs on dense mass by increasing oxygen delivery to your muscles and improving nitrogen retention.

Sulfur is the eighth most common element by mass in the human body, behind oxygen, carbon, hydrogen, nitrogen, calcium, phosphorus and potassium.

Pure nitrogen protects the rubber, and by its very nature, prevents tire degradation and rim corrosion caused by moist oxygen.

ACT - activated clotting time (bleeding disorders) ACTH - adrenocorticotropic hormone (adrenal gland function) Ag - antigen test for proteins specific to a disease causing organism or virus Alb - albumin (liver, kidney and intestinal disorders) Alk - Phos, ALP alkaline phosphatase (liver and adrenal disorders) Allergy Testing intradermal or blood antibody test for allergen hypersensitivity ALT - alanine aminotransferase (liver disorder) Amyl - amylase enzyme — non specific (pancreatitis) ANA - antinuclear antibody (systemic lupus erythematosus) Anaplasmosis Anaplasma spp. (tick - borne rickettsial disease) APTT - activated partial thromboplastin time (blood clotting ability) AST - aspartate aminotransferase (muscle and liver disorders) Band band cell — type of white blood cell Baso basophil — type of white blood cell Bile Acids digestive acids produced in the liver and stored in the gall bladder (liver function) Bili bilirubin (bile pigment responsible for jaundice from liver disease or RBC destruction) BP - blood pressure measurement BUN - blood urea nitrogen (kidney and liver function) Bx biopsy C & S aerobic / anaerobic bacterial culture and antibiotic sensitivity test (infection, drug selection) Ca +2 calcium ion — unbound calcium (parathyroid gland function) CBC - complete blood count (all circulating cells) Chol cholesterol (liver, thyroid disorders) CK, CPK creatine [phospho] kinase (muscle disease, heart disease) Cl - chloride ion — unbound chloride (hydration, blood pH) CO2 - carbon dioxide (blood pH) Contrast Radiograph x-ray image using injected radiopaque contrast media Cortisol hormone produced by the adrenal glands (adrenal gland function) Coomb's anti- red blood cell antibody test (immune - mediated hemolytic anemia) Crea creatinine (kidney function) CRT - capillary refill time (blood pressure, tissue perfusion) DTM - dermatophyte test medium (ringworm — dermatophytosis) EEG - electroencephalogram (brain function, epilepsy) Ehrlichia Ehrlichia spp. (tick - borne rickettsial disease) EKG, ECG - electrok [c] ardiogram (electrical heart activity, heart arryhthmia) Eos eosinophil — type of white blood cell Fecal, flotation, direct intestinal parasite exam FeLV Feline Leukemia Virus test FIA Feline Infectious Anemia: aka Feline Hemotrophic Mycoplasma, Haemobartonella felis test FIV Feline Immunodeficiency Virus test Fluorescein Stain fluorescein stain uptake of cornea (corneal ulceration) fT4, fT4ed, freeT4ed thyroxine hormone unbound by protein measured by equilibrium dialysis (thyroid function) GGT gamma - glutamyltranferase (liver disorders) Glob globulin (liver, immune system) Glu blood or urine glucose (diabetes mellitus) Gran granulocytes — subgroup of white blood cells Hb, Hgb hemoglobin — iron rich protein bound to red blood cells that carries oxygen (anemia, red cell mass) HCO3 - bicarbonate ion (blood pH) HCT, PCV, MHCT hematocrit, packed - cell volume, microhematocrit (hemoconcentration, dehydration, anemia) K + potassium ion — unbound potassium (kidney disorders, adrenal gland disorders) Lipa lipase enzyme — non specific (pancreatitis) LYME Borrelia spp. (tick - borne rickettsial disease) Lymph lymphocyte — type of white blood cell MCHC mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration (anemia, iron deficiency) MCV mean corpuscular volume — average red cell size (anemia, iron deficiency) Mg +2 magnesium ion — unbound magnesium (diabetes, parathyroid function, malnutrition) MHCT, HCT, PCV microhematocrit, hematocrit, packed - cell volume (hemoconcentration, dehydration, anemia) MIC minimum inhibitory concentration — part of the C&S that determines antimicrobial selection Mono monocyte — type of white blood cell MRI magnetic resonance imaging (advanced tissue imaging) Na + sodium ion — unbound sodium (dehydration, adrenal gland disease) nRBC nucleated red blood cell — immature red blood cell (bone marrow damage, lead toxicity) PCV, HCT, MHCT packed - cell volume, hematocrit, microhematocrit (hemoconcentration, dehydration, anemia) PE physical examination pH urine pH (urinary tract infection, urolithiasis) Phos phosphorus (kidney disorders, ketoacidosis, parathyroid function) PLI pancreatic lipase immunoreactivity (pancreatitis) PLT platelet — cells involved in clotting (bleeding disorders) PT prothrombin time (bleeding disorders) PTH parathyroid hormone, parathormone (parathyroid function) Radiograph x-ray image RBC red blood cell count (anemia) REL Rocky Mountain Spotted Fever / Ehrlichia / Lyme combination test Retic reticulocyte — immature red blood cell (regenerative vs. non-regenerative anemia) RMSF Rocky Mountain Spotted Fever SAP serum alkaline phosphatase (liver disorders) Schirmer Tear Test tear production test (keratoconjunctivitis sicca — dry eye,) Seg segmented neutrophil — type of white blood cell USG Urine specific gravity (urine concentration, kidney function) spec cPL specific canine pancreatic lipase (pancreatitis)-- replaces the PLI test spec fPL specific feline pancreatic lipase (pancreatitis)-- replaces the PLI test T4 thyroxine hormone — total (thyroid gland function) TLI trypsin - like immunoreactivity (exocrine pancreatic insufficiency) TP total protein (hydration, liver disorders) TPR temperature / pulse / respirations (physical exam vital signs) Trig triglycerides (fat metabolism, liver disorders) TSH thyroid stimulating hormone (thyroid gland function) UA urinalysis (kidney function, urinary tract infection, diabetes) Urine Cortisol - Crea Ratio urine cortisol - creatine ratio (screening test for adrenal gland disease) Urine Protein - Crea Ratio urine protein - creatinine ratio (kidney disorders) VWF VonWillebrands factor (bleeding disorder) WBC white blood cell count (infection, inflammation, bone marrow suppression)

The oxygen is used by our body, but the nitrogen is not and so it builds up.

When sunlight passes through the atmosphere, the blue wavelengths are scattered more widely by the oxygen and nitrogen molecules, and more blue comes to our eyes.

The land and sea warm, the infra - red from them increases and the oxygen, nitrogen and water vapour all carry more heat upwards by convection.

2) What is the molecular difference by which CO2 absorbs infrared radiation but oxygen and nitrogen do not?

Actually the judge asked a slightly incorrect question (probably unwise to correct him publicly), the question should be,» What is the molecular difference by which CO2 absorbs infrared radiation emitted from the Earth's surface but oxygen and nitrogen do not?»

Almost immediately (nanoseconds) they relax from their excited state by either 1) emitting that energy as a new photon, some of which will continue up towards space, some of which will go back downward to be reabsorbed, thus keeping the energy in the atmosphere longer, or 2) by colliding with another gas molecule, most likely an O2 (oxygen) or N2 (nitrogen) molecule since they make up over 98 % of the atmosphere, thereby converting the extra vibrational energy into kinetic energy by transferring it to the other gas molecule, which will then collide with other molecules, and so on, making the air warmer.

Just as there is no «33 °C warming by greenhouse gases from the minus 18 °C it would be without them» — when the real blanket which slows heat loss is reinstated — the heavy voluminous fluid ocean atmosphere of real gas, mainly nitrogen and oxygen, and when the Water Cycle is reinstated.

Compare with electronic transition absorption of visible light by the electrons of the molecules of nitrogen and oxygen in the atmosphere, the real gas Air, which is what gives us our blue sky, reflection / scattering.

Petra December 16, 2012 at 2:12 am said:» That oxygen and nitrogen may insulate the earth against some cooling, does not preclude greenhouse gasses from being warmed by IR»

That oxygen and nitrogen may insulate the earth against some cooling, does not preclude greenhouse gasses from being warmed by IR.

(The main components of the atmosphere — nitrogen and oxygen — are not greenhouse gases, because they are virtually unaffected by long - wave, or infrared, radiation).

The minus - 18 °C figure quoted by AGWScienceFiction fisics in its fake Greenhouse Effect energy budget, has been stolen from real physics where it refers to the Earth without any atmosphere at all, and that is predominantly nitrogen and oxygen.

P.s. Myrrh is correct on some things 100 %, on others he is wrong, for example: «water evaporation cools the land and the sea, BUT, that doesn't cool the planet — only takes heat high up to be easier cooled by the shuttling oxygen & nitrogen, plus: as sun umbrellas clouds intercept lots of heat, high up — nevertheless, that heat is still in the earth's system — only O&N are» COOLING THE PLANET» Petra, do you believe that; O&N exist in the atmosphere?

Just as the real gases of nitrogen and oxygen and carbon dioxide have been replaced by sleight of hand by the real world physics imaginary «ideal gas», without mass therefore not subject to gravity and without weight, and without volume and attraction, which means, their Greenhouse Effect atmosphere is empty space, which is why they have no sound.

The heat from the ground is COLLECTED by oxygen & nitrogen; reason when is windy, cooling is more efficient - > that heat makes them to expand and on the way up, to waste that heat.

(c) If the nitrogen — oxygen atmosphere of the Earth would be replaced by a CO2 atmosphere with the same pressure of 1 atm, then the average near - surface temperature would decrease by approximately 2.5 °C and not increase as commonly assumed.

The example I've given is of visible light in the atmosphere being bounced around the sky, actually reflected / scattered, by the electrons of the molecules of nitrogen and oxygen which comprise c98 % of our fluid gas atmosphere.

Because AGWSF fisics is fake there is no internal coherence in it, for example: if «all electromagnetic energy is the same and all creates heat when absorbed» then AGWSF fisics doesn't have any answer to the real world physics understanding of how visible light is reflected / scattered in the atmosphere which is by real technical absorption of visible light by the electrons of the molecules of nitrogen and oxygen, hence our blue sky.

Bounced around like balls in a pinball machine by the molecules of nitrogen and oxygen when their electrons absorb the tiny bits of light and spit them back out again.

Tiny visible light is not a powerful energy, it is so weak it gets bounced around all over our sky by the electrons of the molecules of nitrogen and oxygen as they absorb and spit it out again.

But of course, when it's pointed out that not all absorption of electromagnetic radiation creates heat, for example in photosynthesis when it converts to chemical energy and not heat energy and in the atmosphere where absorption of visible light by the electrons of the molecules of nitrogen and oxygen which spit out the same non-thermal energy that went in, this is ignored.