The impact of voting
by nonparty members is much greater upon minor parties, such as the Libertarian Party and the Peace and Freedom Party.
Not exact matches
Yet a defendant threatened with punishment for injuring a
nonparty victim has no opportunity to defend against the charge,
by showing, for example in a case such as this, that the other victim was not entitled to damages because he or she knew that smoking was dangerous or did not rely upon the defendant's statements to the contrary.
Historically, the practice of funding legal action in exchange for future remuneration has been governed
by the common law doctrines of champerty and maintenance, which emerged to safeguard a party's best interests and protect the administration of justice against abuse from
nonparties.
1057 (prohibiting factfinders from imposing punitive damage awards based on the amount of harm caused
by the defendant to
nonparties to the litigation).