Sentences with phrase «by numerical models»

Predictions of future climate, essential for safeguarding society and ecosystems, are underpinned by numerical models of the Earth system.

Rignot: The IPCC Report is a consensus and the projections are defined by numerical models.

Eric Rignot, a glaciologist at NASA's Jet Propulsion Laboratory, said, «None of this has been predicted by numerical models, and therefore all projections of the contribution of Greenland to sea level [rise] are way below reality.»

By its very nature, a model is a simplification of reality, so the final step when we consider predictions made by numerical models is to assess the uncertainty in our predictions.

The results were backed up and verified by numerical modelling developed and applied as part of an EPSRC CASE (Collaborative Award in Science and Engineering) Studentship.

Evidence for glacial landforms based on hydro - acoustic data from the East Siberian continental margin remain undated53, but were most recently supported by numerical modeling to be related to an ESCIS that has formed during MIS 659.

Your claim proven as a theorem now means basically (with some radiative cooling at the top for the return flow) that it does not need confirmation by numerical modelling, but rather, application, to see how it plays out in real atmospheric problems.

article by Heinz and me (reference available on request), once the minimal scale (smallest scale feature of vorticity) is properly resolved by a numerical model, the correct Navier - Stokes dissipation form (second order derivatives) can be used and produces the correct spatial spectrum, i.e. the numerical solutions converge.

Several intriguing papers demonstrate, either analytically or by numerical modelling, how drumlins could possibly form, but as yet there is no sign of a compelling universal explanation.

Not exact matches

Howat and his team were able to figure this out by creating high - resolution topographic models of the glaciers and their boundaries, as well as a numerical model of exactly how much water was flowing off these coastal glaciers and ice caps — technology that wasn't available back in 1996.

By combining classical earthquake statistics and newly developed numerical models, our contribution addresses a crucial aspect of the seismic hazard, providing an intuitive physical explanation for a global - scale problem.

Using numerical models and computer simulations, the researchers show how spinning particles, pushed about by the fluid flows created as each particle spins, can arrange themselves into an array of emergent macro-scale patterns.

New research published in the Canadian Geotechnical Journal addresses the issue of unwanted seismic events by proposing a numerical modeling process to evaluate the effects of hydraulic fracturing prior to drilling.

The group reached the conclusion after having succeeded in the mathematical reproduction of the planet's current atmospheric conditions, through computer modeling that used a numerical model of the atmosphere developed by the Met Office, the UK's national meteorological service.

The mathematical model developed for the latest work determines how termite mounds affect plant growth by applying various tools from physics and mathematical and numerical analysis to understand a biological phenomenon, said first author Juan Bonachela, a former postdoctoral researcher in the research group of co-author Simon Levin, Princeton's George M. Moffett Professor of Biology.

The new model, which is a scaled - down version of an earlier numerical model by Shaqfeh and colleagues that provided the first large - scale, quantitative explanation of the formation of the layer, can predict how blood cells with varying shapes, sizes, and properties — including the crescent - shaped cells that are the hallmark of sickle cell anemia — will influence blood flow.

To test their algorithm, Nemenman and Daniels created an artificial, model solar system by generating numerical trajectories of planets and comets that move around a sun.

«Given the promise shown by the research and the ever increasing computing power, numerical prediction of hailstorms and warnings issued based on the model forecasts, with a couple of hours of lead time, may indeed be realized operationally in a not - too - distant future, and the forecasts will also be accompanied by information on how certain the forecasts are.»

According to their numerical 3D models of an earthquake and resultant tsunami on the Pitas Point and Red Mountain faults — faults located offshore Ventura, Calif. — a magnitude 7.7 earthquake would result in many parts of the regional coastline being inundated a few kilometers inland by a tsunami wave, with inundation in places greater than that indicated by the state of California's current reference inundation line.

By incorporating the complexities of channel geometry, fluid flow rates, diffusion coefficients and possible chemical interactions into a numerical model, the behavior of a particular system can be accurately predicted when an intuitive prediction may be extremely difficult.

Researchers have developed a numerical model that was able to verify the effects on passive cooling of buildings caused by the density variation of vegetation of green roofs.

This study is focused on three specific aspects: to assess the impact of vegetation density on energy efficiency of a roof located at a Mediterranean coastal climate; develop a simplified numeral model that can estimate thermal resistance values equivalent to plants and substrates, and finally, to verify the numerical model by using experimental data.

The successful applicant will work with world leading experts in advanced analytical / numerical modelling, analysis of high - resolution observations obtained by cutting - edge ground and space based instruments.

The largest datasets exist for Earth, followed by Saturn, Jupiter and Mercury (Krupp 2015), whereas important information has also been obtained from ground - based or Earth - orbiting telescopes as well as analytical and numerical models.

Using a numerical model developed by the Max Planck Institute for Meteorology and the German Weather Service, the team created two simulations of convectional organization over a 312,000 - square - kilometer grid with 1 - kilometer spacing.

Here, we study the origins of biofilm genetic structure by combining model development, numerical simulations, and microfluidic experiments using the human pathogen Vibrio cholerae.

A new paper by Levermann et al. in PNAS uses the record of past rates of sea level rise from palaeo archives and numerical computer models to understand how much sea level rise we can expect per degree of warming in the future.

Overall, this study demonstrates that the climate simulated by a numerical climate model can be sensitive to how the snow albedo is treated.

A new study shows that the climate simulated by a numerical climate model can depend surprisingly much of what is assumed about the snow grain shapes when computing the reflection of solar radiation by the snowpack.

Considering the model in a flow cell containing nanodiamonds immobilized in a hydrogel, numerical illustration shows flowing water molecules can be polarized over 1000-fold, in sufficient volumes for detection by current NMR scanners.

Potential topics include: (1) Advanced numerical modelling of magnetic flux tubes / loops in the low solar atmosphere (2) Forward modelling of spectroscopic and narrowband EUV observations of the low solar atmosphere, (3) Solar Rotational Tomography of EUV and / or coronagraph coronal observations, (4) Automated detection and prediction of coronal mass ejections, (5) Analysis of solar wind turbulence observations by in situ spacecraft, (6) Eclipse instrumentation, observations and data analysis.

We found that 14C - assimilation could be described by the same function of CO2 for both approaches but showed different dependencies on HCO3 — when pH was varied at constant TIC than when TIC was varied at constant pH. A numerical model of Trichodesmium's CCM showed carboxylation rates are modulated by HCO3 — and pH. The decrease in Ci assimilation at low CO2, when TIC was varied, is due to HCO3 — uptake limitation of the carboxylation rate.

In addition, tidal forces affecting the Oort Cloud come from the differential gravitational forces exerted by stars in the Milky Way's galactic disk and by the galactic core on the Sun and comets as a result of their relative location in the Solar System, which have been modelled with numerical simulations (Duncan et al, 1987).

The visualization covers the period June 2005 to December 2007 and is based on a synthesis of a numerical model with observational data, created by a NASA project called Estimating the Circulation and Climate of the Ocean, or ECCO for short.

by Walter Chaw Mathematician John Forbes Nash, Jr. gained his reputation in theoretical economics and / by discerning patterns in impossibly complicated numerical models.

The Fair Credit Reporting Act (FCRA) defines a «credit score» as «a numerical value or a categorization derived from a statistical tool or modeling system used by a person who makes or arranges a loan to predict the likelihood of certain credit behaviors, including default...»

So long as the perturbation is not rounded out by the limited numerical precision of the model, it will invariably grow.

Success at prediction is enhanced by maximizing the number of different hypotheses (models) you can generate and test against numerical data and other available information.

Whether the activity of cumulus convection is determined by the variables averaged over the grid box of numerical models (100 km scale for typical GCMs, 20 km scale in the case of «high resolution» GCM of MRI).

This product primarily exploits high - quality measurements of air samples collected at tens of sites around the world by various laboratories (119 sites for CO2, 30 sites for CH4 and 127 sites for N2O), in combination with a numerical model of atmospheric tracer transport (Chevallier et al. 2010, Bergamaschi et al. 2013, Thompson et al. 2014).

This series of plots shows significant wave height (in meters, indicated by color scale) in the western Arctic Ocean during the 2016 Arctic cyclone, from August 14 to August 16, 2016, as predicted by a numerical wave model (WAVEWATCH III), run at the Naval Research Laboratory (NRL).

«The climate model is run, using standard numerical modeling techniques, by calculating the changes indicated by the model's equations over a short increment of time — 20 minutes in the most advanced GCMs — for one cell, then using the output of that cell as inputs for its neighboring cells.

I was told by one semi-expert climate scientist (someone who was in the process of changing fields to climate science from a different numerical modeling field, as so possibly still catching up) that although globally aerosols played the most important role in this period, there was also around the same time period (maybe beginning slightly earlier?

New research by Misra and Mishra in the Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres shows that differences in the ocean bathymetry (or topography) of two novel numerical climate model integrations can influence the ocean currents and their impact on regional climate.

When dealing with simple mathematical models, experiments can be bypassed, mathematics alone can the trick by inversion, simplification,... Else, approximations (often based on numerical discretisation and big computers nowadays) have to be used.

The difference in the climatological mean June - July - August ocean heat content as measured by the depth of the 20 °C isotherm (in meters) overlaid with corresponding differences in ocean heat transport vectors (W / m) between two numerical climate models with slightly different bathymetries.

reduce uncertainties of fossil coral reconstructions by replication studies and numerical modeling.

Woodburn, a hydrogeologist by training, along with Carl Steefel, head of Berkeley Lab's Geochemistry Department, will develop a mechanistic numerical model of the Cosumnes River watershed, which extends from the Sierra Nevada to south of Sacramento, ultimately feeding into the Sacramento - San Joaquin River Delta and the California State Water Project, the major source of water for much of Southern California.

By example, this Integrated Science Exploration Environment is proposed for exploring and managing sources of uncertainty in glacier modeling codes and methods, and for supporting scientific numerical exploration and verification.

They used the Ice Sheet System Model (ISSM), a numerical depiction of the physics of ice sheets developed by scientists at JPL and the University of California, Irvine.