Sentences with phrase «by observable characteristics»

We also find that little of the changes in teacher effectiveness estimates within teachers can be explained by observable characteristics.

Semiparametric lower bound estimates of the variance in teacher quality based entirely on within - school heterogeneity indicate that teachers have powerful effects on reading and mathematics achievement, though little of the variation in teacher quality is explained by observable characteristics such as education or experience.

Not exact matches

Moreover, instead of passively mimicking their peers (irrational herding), lenders engage in active observational learning (rational herding); they infer the creditworthiness of borrowers by observing peer lending decisions, and use publicly observable borrower characteristics to moderate their inferences.

If there is any characteristic clearly observable in the progress of Nature towards higher consciousness, it is that this is achieved by increasing differentiation, which in itself causes ever stronger individualities to emerge.

If the benefits of marriage for children can be explained by other observable characteristics of the family, and especially money or parenting behavior, then policy may be more successful if focused on those pathways.

The relationship is non-linear because phenotype, or set of observable characteristics, is determined by a complex interplay between an organism's genes — tens of thousands of them, all influencing one another's behaviour — and its environment.

In summary, Hispanic award probability differentials were explained by variables added in Models 4 and 5, but none of the observable characteristics in Models 1 to 5 fully explained the differential for Asians or blacks.

But, he adds, «I think by far the interpretation most consistent with observable characteristics of the moons aside from their orbits --[their] density, spectral properties, [dark color]-- would be that they're captured asteroids.»

Phenotype an observable characteristic or trait of a cell or organism determined by the interaction of the genetic make - up or genotype and the environmental influences.

If spending is not strongly influenced by observable school characteristics, we have to question whether it is driven by a district strategy at all.

In Hyderabad, students attending recognized and unrecognized private schools outperformed their peers in government schools by a full standard deviation in both English and math (after accounting for differences in their observable characteristics).

To eliminate the effects of any chance differences in performance caused by other observable characteristics, our analysis takes into account students» age, gender, race, and eligibility for the free lunch program; whether they had been assigned to a small class; and whether they were assigned to a teacher of the same race — which earlier research using these same data found to have a large positive effect on student performance (see «The Race Connection,» Spring 2004).

By balanced, we mean that we can not reject the hypothesis that there are no differences in the observable characteristics of lotteried - in and lotteried - out students.

If black students in the sample continue to lose ground through 9th grade at the rate experienced in the first two years of school, they will lag behind white students on average by a full standard deviation in raw math and reading scores and by more than two - thirds of a standard deviation in math even after controlling for observable characteristics (the gap would be substantially smaller in reading).

• Only eight percent of students in the cities were enrolled in schools that «beat the odds» by outperforming schools with similar observable characteristics elsewhere in the state.

Estimating the effect of individual teachers» grading standards on their students» achievement gains assumes that these standards remain relatively consistent over time, that they are not unduly influenced by the composition of their class, and that they are not a reflection of some other observable characteristic that might account for any effects we observe.

Finally, based on the rich information on instructors» demographic characteristics and multi-year employment records in this state, I will explore the extent to which instructor effectiveness can be explained by observable instructor demographic characteristics and employment features.

Rubric Design Each of the characteristics of the School ADvance Administrator Evaluation Framework is supported by a set of descriptors that correspond to that characteristic in ways that are observable and / or documentable.

[1] Teacher observations conducted by principals that occur once or twice a year and consist of rating teachers on observable behaviors and characteristics have not proved valid.

In both cases the (assumed linear) physical relationship between observables that is being estimated relates to Y (or λ), not S, and the error characteristics are similar — assumed gaussian, with errors in temperature data dominated by errors elsewhere.

If the benefits of marriage for children can be explained by other observable characteristics of the family, and especially money or parenting behavior, then policy may be more successful if focused on those pathways.