Sentences with phrase «by ocean organisms»

of the oxygen that's currently being put into the atmosphere by ocean organisms, we may not manage to burn all that coal that fast.

Not exact matches

Whitehead did not speculate on the precise location of memory within the animal organism, but the most plausible extension of his theory suggests rather that memories are maintained for the soul by other occasions, thereby freeing the soul for its adventure into novelty.2 The way in which the conscious ego draws upon the ocean of unconscious feeling which sustains it may well reflect the way the soul draws upon other living occasions.

At this size it is small enough to be ingested by every single organism in the world's oceans — animals as small as krill and salps (plankton feeders) right up to the great Blue Whale.

Ocean seagrass meadows reduce bacteria unhealthful to humans and marine organisms by up to 50 %, a new study shows, and they also decrease the likelihood of disease in coral reefs by half.

«Ocean acidification can affect individual marine organisms along the Pacific coast, by changing the chemistry of the seawater,» said lead author Brittany Jellison, a Ph.D. student studying marine ecology at the UC Davis Bodega Marine Laboratory.

Roughly 800 million years ago, in the late Proterozoic Eon, phosphorus, a chemical element essential to all life, began to accumulate in shallow ocean zones near coastlines widely considered to be the birthplace of animals and other complex organisms, according to a new study by geoscientists from the Georgia Institute of Technology and Yale University.

In the oceans, they contribute to the «great garbage patches» and are ingested by many organisms, from protozoa to baleen whales.

The team were able to draw these conclusions by analysing new data from the chemical composition of the fossilised shells of sea surface and seafloor organisms from that period, taken from drilling cores from the ocean floor in the South Atlantic.

The oceans of around 1 billion years ago, the researchers argue, were topped by a thin oxygenated layer populated with photosynthetic organisms and heterotrophic bacteria.

By accumulating the understanding of the ecology of small marine organisms, she hopes to deepen an understanding of the spread of life in the entire ocean.

When carbon dioxide, CO2, from the atmosphere is absorbed by the ocean, it forms carbonic acid (the same thing that makes soda fizz), making the ocean more acidic and decreasing the ocean's pH. This increase in acidity makes it more difficult for many marine organisms to grow their shells and skeletons, and threatens coral reefs the world over.

«Although tiny, these organisms are a vital part of the Earth's life support system, providing half of the oxygen generated each year on Earth by photosynthesis and lying at the base of marine food chains on which all other life in the ocean depends.»

The scientists hope to gain more insight into this by exploring how past changes in seawater pH have impacted these organisms, but also through further field and laboratory studies testing the effect of ocean acidification on these calcifiers.

«The range of pH and temperature that some organisms experience on a daily basis exceeds the changes we expect to see in the global ocean by the end of the century,» notes Rivest, an assistant professor at VIMS.

The question of how species came to live where they live, which is studied by the field of biogeography, has long been debated among biologists, especially in cases where organisms that are related live on distant continents separated by vast oceans.

This anthropogenic addition of nitrogen has reached a magnitude comparable to about half of global ocean nitrogen fixation (the natural process by which atmospheric nitrogen gas becomes a useful nutrient for organisms).

Researchers are applying observations made by Charles Darwin's grandson to find that small organisms carry water with them as they go — which means they might play a big role in mixing vast tracts of ocean water

The discovery of genes involved in the production of DMSP in phytoplankton, as well as bacteria, will allow scientists to better evaluate which organisms make DMSP in the marine environment and predict how the production of this influential molecule might be affected by future environmental changes, such as the warming of the oceans due to climate change.

The 2.52 billion - year - old sulfur - oxidizing bacteria are described by Czaja as exceptionally large, spherical - shaped, smooth - walled microscopic structures much larger than most modern bacteria, but similar to some modern single - celled organisms that live in deepwater sulfur - rich ocean settings today, where even now there are almost no traces of oxygen.

The ocean waters that are cleared of sea ice by strong winds blowing from the coast carve out a suitable enclave where marine organisms can thrive, unlike the rest of the icy cold Antarctic region.

Another key question is how the production of methane by these organisms is influenced by environmental conditions in the ocean, including temperature and pollution such as fertilizer runoff.

One - celled plants, the remains of organisms that feed on them, and fecal matter sink, by force of gravity, into the deep ocean.

Because more CO2 in the atmosphere makes the oceans more acidic, the event can be tracked by looking at the amount of calcium carbonate deposited on the ocean floor by marine organisms.

As one of the largest national research programmes on ocean acidification, BIOACID has contributed to quantifying the effects of ocean acidification on marine organisms and their habitats, unravelling the mechanisms underlying the observed responses, assessing the potential for evolutionary adaptation, and determining how these responses are modulated by other environmental drivers.

The only time period that remotely resembles the ocean changes happening today, based on geologic records, was 56 million years ago when carbon mysteriously doubled in the atmosphere, global temperatures rose by approximately six degrees and ocean pH dropped sharply, driving up ocean acidity and causing a mass extinction among single - celled ocean organisms.

The microorganisms are used as food by other organisms, such as fish and ocean mammals, making the iron available to other creatures in the food chain.

Ocean acidification reduces the availability of carbonate ions that are required by many organisms — such as corals and mollusks — to build skeletons and shells.

Changing living conditions caused by climate change or ocean acidification — the decrease of ocean pH due to the uptake of human - induced carbon dioxide from the atmosphere — pose serious threats to marine organisms.

The carbon captured by living organisms in oceans is stored in the form of biomass and sediments from mangroves, salt marshes, sea grasses and potentially algae.»

Oxygen is and has been produced by advanced photosynthetic organisms, first in the ocean and then on land.

Since you state that a decrease in net calcification could result from a decrease in gross calcification, an increase in dissolution rates, or both, you distinguish between these responses and get to the conclusion that the impact of ocean acidification on a creature's net calcification may be largely controlled by the status of its protective organic cover and that the net slowdown in skeletal growth under increased CO2 occurs not because these organisms are unable to calcify, but rather because their unprotected skeleton is dissolving faster.

The purpose of the cruise was to determine how marine organisms are acclimated to long - term ocean acidification and the resulting effect on biogeochemical cycles by studying organisms living in naturally CO2 - rich coral reefs.

Funding was provided through the European Community's Seventh Framework Programme (FP7) «European Project on Ocean Acidification» (EPOCA), the European Marie Curie Initial Training Network «Calcification of Marine Organisms» (CalMarO) and the project by German Ministry for Education and Research (BMBF) «Biological Impacts of Ocean ACIDification» (BIOACID).

About BIOACID: Since 2009, more than 250 BIOACID scientists from 20 German research institutes have investigated how different marine organisms respond to ocean acidification and increasing carbon dioxide concentrations in seawater, how their performance is affected during their various life stages, how these reactions impact marine food webs and elemental cycles and whether they can be mitigated by evolutionary adaptation.

In a photo exhibition by the German research network on ocean acidification BIOACID, the two nature photographers Solvin Zankl and Nick Cobbing present BIOACID members at their work and introduce organisms that current ocean acidification research focuses on.

An international team of researchers has identified the genetic mutations which allowed microalgae (phytoplankton) from the Southern Ocean to adapt to extreme and highly variable climates — a step towards understanding how polar organisms are impacted by climate change.

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On one two - page spread in Ocean Sunlight, we illustrate the concept of how quickly phytoplankton reproduces by including a series of circles increasing in size, each with a close - up view of these microscopic organisms.

«Once in our lakes and oceans, plastics are there to stay, unless they are eaten by organisms, or wash back up onto shore.»

If the T - shirt ends up in the ocean (where plastic microfiber pollution is a very serious issue), it will also biodegrade or be consumed by marine organisms that will digest it naturally.

News Release: Marine Organisms Threatened By Increasingly Acidic Ocean Corals and Plankton May Have Difficulty Making Shells September 29, 2005 http://www.whoi.edu/page.do?pid=9779&tid=282&cid=7388&ct=162

We don't have good information on the base of the food chain for most of the past — that's just «noise» but now that we start having ways to track trends in primary productivity — what's being made out of sunlight, water and CO2, by which organisms, and how fast do their populations change (remembering that some plankton populations turn over a new generation in a couple of weeks so relative numbers of different species can change that fast across the oceans).

Making up 50 to 60 percent of the ocean's fish - mass and serving as food for other fishes like tuna, mahi mahi and squid, to name a few, the ingestion of plastic by this organism is dangerous on two fronts.

However, this ecological niche of the North Polar Ocean is already occupied by organisms.

Present - day ocean surface waters are supersaturated for the major carbonate mineral forms used by marine organisms, including the more soluble form aragonite (corals, many mollusks) and the less soluble form calcite (coccolithophores, foraminifera, and some mollusks).

The ocean uptake of excess atmospheric carbon dioxide, the excess above preindustrial levels driven by human emissions, causes well - understood and substantial changes in seawater chemistry that can affect marine organisms and ecosystems.

The distribution of calcium carbonate - secreting pelagic organisms is primarily controlled by the fertility and temperature of the near - surface ocean.

The aragonite, a crystal form of calcium carbonate, formed by tiny organisms then become too corroded to survive in high - pressure or cold waters including some parts of the shallow North Pacific, the southern ocean and the deepest waters of the ocean.

Sea - ice biome - The biome formed by all marine organisms living within or on the floating sea ice (frozen sea water) of the polar oceans.

One of the most common zooplankton, krill are among the most abundant marine organisms and migrate daily in giant swarms, heading hundreds of meters deep by day and up to the ocean's surface by night to feed.