They say that their research shows that much of the warming was caused
by oceanic cycles when they were in a â $ ˜warm modeâ $ ™ as opposed to the present â $ ˜cold modeâ $ ™.
Not exact matches
Based on findings related to
oceanic acidity levels during the PETM and on calculations about the
cycling of carbon among the oceans, air, plants and soil, Dickens and co-authors Richard Zeebe of the University of Hawaii and James Zachos of the University of California - Santa Cruz determined that the level of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere increased
by about 70 percent during the PETM.
Changes in
oceanic circulation in the North Atlantic have influence on a planetary level
by affecting, in particular, the water
cycle.
Fossil fuel consumption rates will slowly diminish over the coming decades as fossil fuels are gradually depleted, and the resultant atmospheric and
oceanic CO2 is predicted
by IPCC modelers to END glaciation
cycles and thus, to open much of Canada and Siberia to greatly improved agriculture and forestry.
And as mentioned above,
by dawn the combined effect of clear skies and
oceanic overturning has lost all of the heat of the previous day, and the
cycle starts over again.
By calculating the running total departing from this figure in a simple integration I found that combined with the ~ 60
oceanic cycles (also solar influenced), I could reproduce the temperature history of the last 150 years quite accurately.
What is even more remarkable, is the fact that common frequencies seen in the two data sets [i.e. the flux optical depth anomaly and the SOI index] are simply those that would be expected if ENSO phenomenon is a resonant response of the Earth's (atmospheric /
oceanic) climate system brought about
by a coupling between it and the Earth's forced (18.6 year Nodical Lunar
Cycle) and unforced (1.2 year Chandler Wobble) nutations.
On balance the evidence shows that solar and
oceanic variations are more likely the cause of recent observations of warming in the air than increasing CO2 in the air but the issue can soon be resolved
by observing the global air temperature changes that occur during and after the extended
cycle 23 and the probable weak
cycle 24.
In some way, that's the engine where all the other variations must be hanged (specially variations in albedo because of clouds - maybe connected with solar
cycles as other authors are trying to prove -, variations in albedo because of sea ice extention, linked with the
oceanic currents - as in the «stadium wave» that was presented
by Curry and others, etc., variations in heat exchange between atmosphere and oceans, and so on.
All those effects (GHGs, solar and
oceanic) operate
by changing the speed of the water
cycle which speed responds instantly to changes in the atmospheric heights.
For example, there are
oceanic cycles like the El Niño Southern Oscillation (ENSO, comprised of El Niño and La Niña events), an 11 - year solar
cycle, and particulates released during volcanic eruptions which cause short - term cooling
by blocking sunlight.
Seems like rather than a straight line slope added to the
oceanic cycles, there are two step functions, one jump at ~ 1936, followed
by tracking again (constant offset), and another at the 1998 step (I'm ignoring the dip from pre-bucket adjusted data).
It will be hard to identify because, as I have mentioned in my other articles, the filtering of the solar signal through the various
oceanic cycles is neither rapid nor straightforward and it appears that the effects are caused not
by solar irradiance in itself but rather
by changes in the mix of wavelengths and particles from the sun as solar activity varies.
Possible explanations advanced for the slowdown include the effect of small volcanic eruptions, the absorption of extra heat
by the
oceanic depths and the juxtaposition of two natural ocean
cycles.
Findings
by scientists from the US Department of Energy (DOE) and the Pacific Northwest National Laboratory show it all has to do natural
oceanic cycles that change every 30 years.