Sentences with phrase «by ozone gas»

«Our findings suggest that sterilisation by ozone gas is very likely to work for other implantable polymers as well, especially other polyesters.»

Not exact matches

It is the depletion of atmospheric ozone that results from release of the propellant gas from aerosol spray cans, allowing white skins to accrue prestige by turning dark and darker and finally black, under the sun's ultraviolet rays.

Marshalling convincing scientific data, they tell us that the environmental degradation caused by massive pollution of air water and land, threatens the very life of earth — fast depletion of non renewal resources, indeed of species themselves, the thinning of the ozone layer that exposes all living creatures to the danger of radiation, the build up of gases creating the greenhouse effect, increasing erosion by the sea — all these are brought out through their research.

Unlike CFCs and similar long - lived gases that are responsible for most ozone depletion, dichloromethane has a short atmospheric lifetime so has not been controlled by the Montreal Protocol.

Rowland, a chemist at the University of California, Irvine, and Mario Molina of the Massachusetts Institute of Technology theorized in 1974 that chlorofluorocarbon gases (CFCs), when struck by sunlight, could decompose to ozone - eating chlorine and chlorine monoxide.

But the reactive gases emitted by trees can also increase the amounts of ozone and methane, both greenhouse gases which have warming effects on the climate.

«New ozone - destroying gases on the rise; not controlled by treaty.»

The researchers found that while the amount of ozone depletion arising from VSLS in the atmosphere today is small compared to that caused by longer - lived gases, such as CFCs, VSLS - driven ozone depletion was found to be almost four times more efficient at influencing climate.

This is important, as a molecule of ozone lost in this region has a far larger impact on climate than a molecule destroyed at higher altitudes by longer - lived gases.»

By contrast, nitrous oxide, a by - product of food production, is both a powerful greenhouse gas and an ozone depleting gas, and is likely to become more important in future ozone depletioBy contrast, nitrous oxide, a by - product of food production, is both a powerful greenhouse gas and an ozone depleting gas, and is likely to become more important in future ozone depletioby - product of food production, is both a powerful greenhouse gas and an ozone depleting gas, and is likely to become more important in future ozone depletion.

Its contribution to heating forcing (caused by greenhouse gases, ground - level ozone and «black carbon» [4]-RRB- is 12 % on average.

The researchers [3] quantified China's current contribution to global «radiative forcing» (the imbalance, of human origin, of our planet's radiation budget), by differentiating between the contributions of long - life greenhouse gases, the ozone and its precursors, as well as aerosols.

Any nitrogen not taken up by plants is met by soil microbes that turn the fertilizer into nitrous oxide, an ozone - depleting gas that is also 300 times more potent than carbon dioxide.

In my view, the most important omission related directly to science and technology aspects of the greenhouse gas issue is the failure to point out the tremendous opportunity that exists to limit warming over the next few decades by imposing strong, mandatory controls of short - lived warming agents (so methane, black carbon, and tropospheric ozone).

By separating out the starlight from the planet light, we can identify molecules in the planet's atmosphere and look for gases produced by life, like oxygen, ozone and ammoniBy separating out the starlight from the planet light, we can identify molecules in the planet's atmosphere and look for gases produced by life, like oxygen, ozone and ammoniby life, like oxygen, ozone and ammonia.

And ozone, which forms a beneficial shield against ultraviolet radiation when high in the stratosphere, is an efficient greenhouse gas when it appears at airliner altitudes — as it increasingly does, since it too is a by - product of fossil fuel burning.

Ozone depletion is primarily caused by human - made compounds that release chlorine and bromine gases in the stratosphere.

Simulating natural and humanmade climate drivers, scientists showed that the decline in rainfall is primarily a response to humanmade increases in greenhouse gases as well as a thinning of the ozone caused by humanmade aerosol emissions.

More than 20,000 lives a year all over the world could be saved if major industrial regions cut emissions of ozone - triggering gases by a fifth

On Earth, oxygen, ozone and methane eliminate each other rapidly and other gases are destroyed by ultraviolet radiation from the sun.

Scientists from the University of Bath's Department of Pharmacy & Pharmacology and Centre for Regenerative Medicine and from the Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of São Paulo, Brazil, showed that ozone gas, obtained by passing electricity through oxygen, effectively sterilises one of the most common types of polymer used in medical implants.

Temperature observations are sparse around the hostile continent, but scientists recently modeled the ocean current knock - on effects of these wind changes, which have been caused by ozone thinning and by the buildup of greenhouse gases.

Ozone should recover to its pre-1980 levels by the middle of this century and slightly later for Antarctica where the protective gas layer gets extremely thin between August and December every year, the WMO reportedly said, adding that the process can be speeded up by almost 11 years if existing stocks of ozone - depleting products, such as those found in old refrigerators and fire extinguishers are destrOzone should recover to its pre-1980 levels by the middle of this century and slightly later for Antarctica where the protective gas layer gets extremely thin between August and December every year, the WMO reportedly said, adding that the process can be speeded up by almost 11 years if existing stocks of ozone - depleting products, such as those found in old refrigerators and fire extinguishers are destrozone - depleting products, such as those found in old refrigerators and fire extinguishers are destroyed.

The short - and long - wave absorptivities of the most important greenhouse gases water vapour, carbon dioxide, methane and ozone are derived from line - by - line calculations based on the HITRAN08 - databasis and are integrated in the model.

The cooling seen in the lower stratospheric MSU 4 record is indeed mostly due to ozone depletion (interrupted by a couple of big volcanoes), but the cooling further up is indeed consistent with the expected forcings from greenhouse gases.

However, a concerted effort to reduce non-CO2 forcings by methane, tropospheric ozone, other trace gases, and black soot might counteract the warming from a decline in reflective aerosols [54], [75].

Chlorofluorocarbons, banned by an international agreement known as the Montreal Protocol because they eat up atmospheric ozone, are also greenhouse gases.

Ozone can be given rectally by gas, in saline as SQ fluids at acupuncture sites, injected into tumors with ozonated saline or mixed with blood and given intravenously.

Ozone Flowers, a show by New York - based painter Michael Assiff, has two pressing events in mind: the onset in 2017 of the Mexican «Cap and Trade» carbon market to reduce greenhouse gasses, and, to the country's north, the ascent to power of a new climate change - denying political regime.

Thus, for handling ozone from Siemens «device in the lab you must take very clean quarz or Jena - glasses, thorroughly rinsed from any kind of nitrous gases (that are common in the lab), and Mount it air tight with clean PARAFFINVM SOLIDVM, that is not attacked by Ozone, = quite remarkozone from Siemens «device in the lab you must take very clean quarz or Jena - glasses, thorroughly rinsed from any kind of nitrous gases (that are common in the lab), and Mount it air tight with clean PARAFFINVM SOLIDVM, that is not attacked by Ozone, = quite remarkOzone, = quite remarkable.

and 1998 snippets Methane now contributes about 20 % to the increased direct radiative forcing by greenhouse gases compared to preindustrial times [Shine et al., 1995] Oxidation of CH4 in the troposphere produces carbon monoxide (CO), can lead production of ozone (03), and involves atmospheric oxidant, the hydroxyl radical (OH).

The short - and long - wave absorptivities of the most important greenhouse gases water vapour, carbon dioxide, methane and ozone are derived from line - by - line calculations based on the HITRAN08 - databasis and are integrated in the model.

by Deborah McNamara on January 2, 2014 0 arctic drilling environmental issues EPA greenhouse gas emissions Keystone XL pipeline National Journal ozone rule renewable energy standard

HFC's are cousins to chlorofluorocarbons (CFC's) and hydrochlorofluorocarbons (HCFC's), two other classes of refrigerants which are being eliminated under the Montreal Protocol, a 21 - year old treaty signed by 195 nations to control the gases that opened up a hole in the earth - protecting ozone layer of the atmosphere.

This shift away from CO2 - centric emissions debates is also evident in a group blog post by analysts at the Center for American Progress, who propose a «multiple multilateralism» approach on climate that, among other things, seeks quick steps on sources of warming other than carbon dioxide — particularly sooty Arctic pollution and gases already considered under the existing ozone - protection treaty.

As to the specific papers you cited, Miller et al 2006 states,» Recent changes in the magnitude of the annular patterns have been interpreted as the signature of anthropogenic forcing by changes in the concentration of greenhouse gases (GHGs) or else stratospheric ozone [Shindell et al., 1999; Fyfe et al., 1999; Kushner et al., 2001; Kindem and Christiansen, 2001; Sexton, 2001; Gillett and Thompson, 2003; Shindell and Schmidt, 2004; Arblaster and Meehl, 2006].»

There are enough health - damaging pollutants in the air today such that, if they (tropospheric ozone, its principal precursor methane, black soot, and some other trace gases that contribute to the global warming) were reduced by feasible amounts, the planet's energy balance could be restored, or nearly so.

However, there was a significant reduction on Ontario ozone levels, which was offset by increased emissions from natural gas power plants that substituted for some of the electricity from the shuttered coal - fired power plants.

- Ozone is only a trace gas: 0.1 ppm is the exposure limit established by the US National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health.

By destroying ozone (itself a greenhouse gas) in the stratosphere, CFCs also affect the climate indirectly in ways that are still not fully understood.

Pollutant gas and aerosol emissions levels in the reference scenario were checked for consistency by estimating regional surface particulate and ozone levels using the MOZART atmospheric chemistry model.

The heat caused by infrared radiation is absorbed by greenhouse gases such as water vapor, carbon dioxide, ozone and methane, which slows its escape from the atmosphere.

NOAA scientists have developed a new high - resolution climate model that shows southwestern Australia's long - term decline in fall and winter rainfall is caused by increases in manmade greenhouse gas emissions and ozone depletion, according to research published today in Nature Geoscience.

The combination of these two cooling effects causes dramatically increased ozone depletion so that ozone loss in the Arctic by the year 2020 is roughly double what it would be without greenhouse gas increases.

Posted in Global Warming, Green House Gas Emissions Comments Off on Australia Drying Caused by Greenhouse Gases and Ozone

The destruction of ozone by CFC compounds requires cold conditions because at these temperatures acidic gases (hydrochloric and sulphuric acid) condense to form ice crystals and surface chemistry reactions with CFCs occur liberating the ozone destroying halogen radicals.

Scientists in the US say parts of Australia are being slowly parched because of greenhouse gas emissions — which means that the long - term decline in rainfall over south and south - west Australia results from fossil fuel burning and depletion of the ozone layer by human activity.

This collection of Fact Sheets focuses on the work undertaken by UNIDO, in its capacity as Implementing Agency of the Montreal Protocol, to phase - out ozone depleting substances which also are high global warming potential gases, by introducing alternatives with zero ozone - depleting potential and low global warming potential.

In later work, he contributed a theory that an increased thinning of the ozone layer at the poles could be explained by the emission of industrial gases.

«(5) include as reductions in greenhouse gases reductions achieved through the destruction of methane and its conversion to carbon dioxide, and reductions achieved through destruction of chlorofluorocarbons or other ozone depleting substances, if permitted by the Administrator under section 619 (b)(9) and subject to the conditions specified in section 619 (b)(9), based on the carbon dioxide equivalent value of the substance destroyed.