Sentences with phrase «by phytoplankton»

• Accelerated warming because of decreased ocean uptake of CO2 from atmosphere by phytoplankton and CFCs acting as greenhouse gases

As spring turns to summer, nutrients in the surface layer are consumed by phytoplankton, reducing nutrient availability at the surface.

Ocean acidification is also predicted to reduce microbial production of nitrate from ammonium (Beman et al., 2011), which could have major consequences for oceanic primary production because a significant fraction of the nitrate used by phytoplankton is generated by nitrification at the ocean surface (Yool et al., 2007).

Study researcher Kevin Arrigo, from the Stanford University, and colleagues said that the melting of the ice release large amounts of iron into the ocean and iron happens to be a crucial nutrient needed by phytoplankton to grow.

They also designed a model that included simulations of the process by which salty water known as «sea spray» is enriched with organic matter produced by phytoplankton (essentially, phytoplankton poop).

Other evidence from the rocks supports that notion, the researchers note: Before and during those mass die - offs, atmospheric levels of oxygen — a gas produced in prodigious quantities by phytoplankton — also dropped substantially, recovering only long after the mass extinctions had occurred.

RED LIGHT Researchers used the red light emitted by phytoplankton to track how efficient the organisms are at photosynthesis.

But nearly twice as much of the sunlight energy captured by phytoplankton in the ocean is released as heat than is used to make food, researchers report January 7 in Science.

SeaWiFS, on board the OrbView 2 (aka SeaStar) satellite measures the wavelengths of light reflected by phytoplankton (microscopic marine plants) and algae that use chlorophyll for photosynthesis.

The Southern Ocean is the cloudiest place on Earth, a condition caused in part by phytoplankton particles kicked up by sea spray.

Some CO2 simply dissolves into the water, but the rest is taken up by phytoplankton during photosynthesis.

According to Andrew Allen, the senior author on the paper, the new research indicates that particular groups of bacteria, perhaps specifically cultivated by phytoplankton, are also important for regulating the magnitude of phytoplankton blooms.

Oceaneos Environ - mental Solutions has developed an iron compound that can be consumed efficiently by phytoplankton, he adds, but he declined to release details.

Continue reading «Aragonite saturation state in a tropical coastal embayment dominated by phytoplankton blooms (Guanabara Bay — Brazil)»

Well, to make it work, the mechanism needs clean air (which you always had over at least parts of the oceans) and nucleating aerosols (e.g., as you get from DMS, which is primarily formed by phytoplankton which exists for a loooooong while), so yes, it is reasonable that the mechanism has been operational, though quantitatively it may have changed somewhat.

The third row contains data from another simulation in which emissions were allowed to increase just enough to offest sequestration by phytoplankton, leading to the same CO2 concentrations as the control run.

Air Pollution and Materials • Increased acid deposition • Increased photochemical smog • Degradation of outdoor paints and plastics Fig, p. 488 Global Warming • Accelerated warming because of decreased ocean uptake of CO2 from atmosphere by phytoplankton and CFCs acting as greenhouse gases

The upwelling may have been so strong, however, that the phytoplankton did not keep pace with the upwelling — that is, more carbon dioxide upwelled than was used by the phytoplankton.

These are needed by the phytoplankton to replace the nutrients that they use up in the surface water.

For instance, one gas known as dimethylsulfide ends up causing clouds to reflect more sunlight, which cools the oceans» surface, while other gases produced by phytoplankton can... affect other aspects of atmospheric chemistry.»

«Marine ecosystems everywhere to the north will be increasingly starved for nutrients, leading to less primary production (photosynthesis) by phytoplankton, which form the base of ocean food chains.»

The researchers used satellite observations including determinations of net primary production (NPP)-- the net production of organic matter from aqueous carbon dioxide (CO2) by phytoplankton — to drive their food - web - based model.

Nutrients like phosphorous, which are slurped up by phytoplankton and algae.

This means that for much of the ocean levels of nitrate and / or phosphate are very low; they have been used up by the phytoplankton.