Sentences with phrase «by plankton»

Weber, T. S. & Deutsch, C. Oceanic nitrogen reservoir regulated by plankton diversity and ocean circulation.

Examples of such gaseous aerosol precursors are dimethyl sulfide (DMS) emitted by plankton or iodocompounds created by marine algae.

For example, changes in the surfactants produced by plankton trying to keep warm, or some other biological factor that has been totally ignored.

Mesocosm experiments found that when atmospheric CO2 was increased, primary production by plankton community consumed 39 % more DIC.

The rate of accumulation depends on how much CO2 mankind emits and how much of this excess CO2 is absorbed by plants and soil or is transported down into the ocean depths by plankton (microscopic plants and animals).

Another important and related sink is photosynthesis by vegetation on land and by plankton in the sea.

Sunlight can change iron to a form that can be taken up by plankton and other microbes.

After being absorbed by plankton, the mercury moves up the food chain: The plankton is eaten by small fish, which are then gobbled up by larger predators, each bigger animal accumulating more mercury with every meal.

He doesn't need to find sediment laid down by plankton at the bottom of some warm little pond.

By detecting the molecular machinery used by the plankton to create one of the enzymes needed to split nitrogen molecules apart, scientists appear to have discovered a new microbial source of the ocean's nitrogen - bearing nutrients.

But time is short, Pauly urges: «If things go unchecked, we might end up with a marine junkyard dominated by plankton.»

At both poles, organisms in decline are being replaced by plankton called flagellates.

Here, shells molted by plankton display autofluorescence — no blacklight here; this is all natural.

Not exact matches

by Claire Groden OCTOBER 1, 2015, 4:03 PM EDT Plastic has infiltrated the ocean's ecosystem, from plankton to whales.

By oyster's standards, he had a good life: the sea water was clean, and full of plankton, and the green warmth of the light at low tide made him grow and prosper.

Organic bivalve shellfish (mussels, clams, oysters) are fed by natural plankton and algae in tidal zones, so this industry is relatively easy in clean oceans, such as those near the south coast of Australia, where there are already certified operators for mussels and oysters.

At this size it is small enough to be ingested by every single organism in the world's oceans — animals as small as krill and salps (plankton feeders) right up to the great Blue Whale.

Plankton plays an important role in the ocean's carbon cycle by removing half of all CO2 from the atmosphere during photosynthesis and storing it deep under the sea — isolated from the atmosphere for centuries.

One study on southeastern Lake Michigan revealed that by 2009, phytoplankton levels in springtime — the prime plankton - growing time of year — had dropped nearly 90 percent since the mussels took over the lake bottom.

By fertilising plankton blooms that lock away carbon dioxide, iron - laden dust seems to have been the planet's main thermostat for the past 4 million years.

The idea is that by providing missing nutrients, a plankton bloom can be created.

Instead, as suggested by the trickle - up theory of salmon restoration, the plankton tends to get eaten by tiny animals, which are then eaten by larger animals until, ultimately, all or most of the CO2 sucked up by the tiny plants during their photosynthetic life spans finds its way back to the atmosphere in relatively short order.

The plankton molts were floating in seawater in a dish and imaged by laser scanning confocal microscopy.

The business case is to sell the CO2 declines generated by such plankton blooms via an international or national market for such emissions reductions.

Hamme says the team's preliminary analysis suggests that trying to stimulate plankton growth by adding iron to the water would have a minuscule effect on marine CO2 absorption.

Delaney unhappily eyes the blizzard of plankton and detritus zooming by on the video feed.

A major plankton bloom had somehow gotten started, and within just a few days the chlorophyll concentration in the water had increased by 150 %.

Despite the seemingly large number of tiny fish that fishermen and regulators thought were going to waste, the number was small compared to death by non-human predators and lack of plankton and other food sources.

By definition, plankton are waterborne animals or plants that can not swim against an ambient current.

Scientists thought that by providing iron, a trace element required for growth, they could create large plankton blooms and draw down atmospheric carbon dioxide.

Traditionally, pumps and nets are used for sampling plankton, which require sampling at predetermined stations or towing nets behind a ship, followed by visually sorting collected organisms into taxonomic groups.

The tern feeds on plankton that may be affected by ocean acidification.

Developed by biological oceanographer Ulf Riebesell of the Leibniz Institute of Marine Sciences in Germany, the mesocosms consist of a buoyant frame and a 65 - foot - long polyurethane bag that encloses plankton and other small marine organisms.

The balls of mucus, known as «marine mucilage,» are enormous, gelatinous masses of organic material emitted by stressed - out plankton.

Oysters feed by filtering plankton from the water, and they were so abundant in colonial times that they're estimated to have filtered all the water in the bay every three to six days.

Another high - profile test — of dumping iron particles into the ocean to stimulate plankton growth — failed miserably after being disrupted by protesters.

They make a toxin called domoic acid, which is consumed by other plankton that in turn become food for fish and other organisms.

The shale, named for the town of Eagle Ford, TX, is a geologic remnant of the ancient ocean that covered present day Texas millions of years ago, when the remains of sea life (especially ancient plankton) died and deposited onto the seafloor, were buried by several hundred feet of sediment, eventually turning into the rich source of hydrocarbons we have today.The shale was first tapped in 2008 and now has around 20 active fields good producing over 900 million cubic feet per day of natural gas.

The quantities are similar to those produced by marine plankton and pesticides, the two main sources of methyl bromide previously recognised.

The team's estimate of the amount of sinking carbon contributed by mixotrophs appears to agree with recent observations of carbon flux by mixotrophic plankton in the North Atlantic.

They found both models showed a general feeding structure throughout the plankton food web: The smallest organisms were too small to ingest prey, while the largest plankton were poor competitors when living by photosynthesis.

Stout infantfish were captured in a plankton net on the Great Barrier Reef in Australia by a field researcher in 1979, then overlooked for more than two decades until H. J. Walker, a senior museum scientist at the Scripps Institution of Oceanography, and William Watson of the National Marine Fisheries Service, realized they were an unknown species.

The ecosystem may be nourished at least in part by microbes that feed on organic goo in the subglacial mud — the remains of ancient plankton that died and sank to the bottom millions of years ago, when the world was warmer and this place was a sunlit sea.

The ice shelf had been thinning slowly, however, which was evidenced by a change in the oxygen isotopes present in plankton preserved from the underlying water column.

Across the world's oceans, seas and coasts, tens of millions of tonnes of it are released by microbes that live near plankton and marine plants, including seaweeds and some salt - marsh grasses.

An international team led by Thijs Vandenbroucke (researcher at the French CNRS and invited professor at UGent) and Poul Emsbo (US Geological Survey) initiated a study to investigate a little known association between «teratological» or «malformed» fossil plankton assemblages coincident with the initial stages of these extinction events.

The study, by an international team of scientists led by the University of Cambridge, examined how changes in ocean currents in the Atlantic Ocean were related to climate conditions in the northern hemisphere during the last ice age, by examining data from ice cores and fossilised plankton shells.

Sardines thrived here, feeding on the rich blooms of plankton fertilized by nutrients carried along by rising deep ocean waters.

So the eruption in 2010 of an Icelandic volcano gave scientists a perfect opportunity to see how much the cataclysm helped the plankton by showering them with unexpected clouds of iron.

Only when we know when and where certain nutrients are available for plankton growth we can also estimate how much carbon the plankton can bind by photosynthesis and thus remove from the atmosphere.»