«New York City Housing Authority, Number of Families at Projects Under Parts I and II of the City - Aided Program, Shown
by Racial Composition at Initial Occupancy and on June 30, 1954.»
«New York City Housing Authority, Number of Families at Federal Projects, Shown
by Racial Composition at Initial Occupancy and on June 30, 1954.»
When they attended a school that was between 0 and 60 percent black, their math scores were unaffected
by the racial composition of the school they attended.
The researchers also looked at the data by gender and found that black boys were most affected
by the racial composition of the school.
Expected to show that African Americans were isolated in inferior schools, the study found that school resources varied mainly by region, not
by their racial composition.
Prevalence of facilities meeting indicators for recommended maternity care practices, *
by racial composition † of the zip code areas where the facilities were located — Maternity Practices in Infant Nutrition and Care Survey (mPINC), United States, 2011
The reasons for the differences in maternity care practices
by racial composition of the areas are not clear.
Not exact matches
«Don't judge a school
by its average test scores or its socioeconomic or
racial / ethnic
composition.
To analyze whether the implementation
by maternity facilities of practices that support breastfeeding varied depending on the
racial composition of the area surrounding the facility, CDC linked data from its 2011 Maternity Practices in Infant Nutrition and Care (mPINC) survey to U.S. Census data on the percentage of blacks living within the zip code area of each facility.
All facilities, regardless of the
racial / ethnic
composition of the populations they serve, can support the breastfeeding decisions of their patients
by implementing evidence - based policies and practices shown to be critical for establishing breastfeeding, so that more infants are able to reap the numerous health benefits of breastfeeding.
«Government can create opportunities for job creation and workforce participation, but can not mandate results, especially
by ethnic or
racial composition,» an Empire State Development spokesman said.
The authors begin
by presenting a great deal of descriptive data on the overall enrollment and aggregate
racial composition in public charter schools compared to traditional public schools.
• «Desegregation Since the Coleman Report,»
by Steve Rivkin, which examines the evidence on the
racial composition of schools and student learning.
By this measure, schools are closer to complete integration than ever before, and thus
racial composition would have to change less now than when the report was released.
While they also rate schools with fewer poor students more highly, we found no signs that the grades parents gave their school is influenced
by its
racial or ethnic
composition,» observed Martin West, one of the study's authors.
The Coleman Report revealed substantial achievement differences
by school
racial composition and emphasized the importance of considering various factors that contributed to those differences:
To ascertain whether this is the case, I draw on the best available public data on the
racial composition of the nation's schools: the Public Elementary and Secondary School Enrollment and Common Core of Data issued
by the Office for Civil Rights within the U.S. Department of Education.
This is accomplished
by using only that portion of the achievement of a gender or
racial group that can not be explained
by a linear time trend and the overall gender and
racial composition of the group's cohort.
Regarding the second question, Coleman reported that families were more important for learning than were school resources, and, further, that school resources varied more
by region than they did
by a school's
racial composition within any specific region.
In practice it is unlikely that an assessment system will have access to data on student backgrounds beyond what is routinely collected
by school systems: the percentage of students with limited English proficiency, the percentage eligible for free and reduced - price lunch, and the ethnic and
racial composition of the student population.
Desegregation since the Coleman Report
Racial composition of schools and student learning
by Steven Rivkin
The study, Resegregation in American Schools, analyzes the latest data from the National Center of Education Statistics» Common Core of Education Statistics, and examines changes in
racial composition in American schools, national patterns of segregation, the relationship between segregation
by race and schools experiencing concentrated poverty, the difference in segregation in different regions and types of school districts, and the extent and segregation of multiracial schools.
Much more, of course, was involved in the shooting than the
racial composition of the schools attended
by Wilson and Brown, but it is hard to shake the feeling that a lack of contact and understanding — outside of confrontations — between white police officers and black citizens lies at the heart of this and too many other tragic encounters.
By contrast, the University of Arkansas researchers adopted a more rational definition of segregation that compares a school's
racial composition to the larger metropolitan area using the U.S. Census Bureau's «core based statistical area» (CBSA).
The study, «The Louisiana Scholarship Program,»
by Anna J. Egalite and Jonathan N. Mills, finds that the transfers resulting from the LSP vouchers statewide «overwhelmingly improve integration in the public schools students leave (the sending schools), bringing the
racial composition of the schools closer to that of the broader communities in which they are located.»
For this benchmark, we use the
racial composition of the larger metropolitan or micropolitan area, the Core Based Statistical Area (CBSA) as defined
by the U.S. Census Bureau, in which the school is located.
Data on private school enrollment and
racial composition come from the Private School Universe Survey (PSS), a biennial survey conducted
by the National Center for Education Statistics (NCES).
Among the subset of students for whom data are available, we find that transfers made possible
by the school - choice program overwhelmingly improve integration in the public schools that students leave (the sending schools), bringing the
racial composition of the schools closer to that of the broader communities in which they are located.
Similarly, when the researchers looked at whether transfers to charter schools affected the distribution of students
by race or ethnicity, they found that, in most sites, the
racial composition of the charter school entered
by a transferring student was similar to that of the traditional public school that he or she had left.
In the administration of public schools
by the state and local authorities it is permissible to consider the
racial makeup of schools and to adopt general policies to encourage a diverse student body, one aspect of which is its
racial composition.
The goal of the policy is to assure that no school deviates
by more than 15 percent from the district's overall
racial composition, which is 60 percent minority (African American, Asian, and Hispanic).
For instance, the
racial composition of the school age population of the entirety of New York City has little relevance to concerns about and efforts to improve the
racial balance of schools on Staten Island, which
by virtue of its geography might as well be a part of New Jersey.
The paper demonstrates this point
by showing that in the aggregate, a comparison of
racial composition of sending and receiving schools shows no large differences — it appears that students are switching to schools of similar
racial composition.
Simply equalizing a school's
racial composition, the analysis concludes, can reduce the achievement gap
by about 25 % — an impact as great as any reform strategy has had to date.
The states differ significantly in the
racial or ethnic
composition of students and in the characteristics of the families of students, so it would be expected that a significant part of the differences in the NAEP test scores might be accounted for
by these differences.
Those sentiments were captured in another study
by Harvard economics professor Caroline M. Hoxby, who compared the math and reading proficiency of almost all the nation's charter school students to the test results of those at their nearest public school with similar
racial composition.
Specifically, we want to know the
racial / ethnic
composition of the schools, the proportion of ELL, SPED and low - income students (
by free and reduced lunch eligibility).
A 2010 report commissioned
by the American Alliance of Museums indicated that the
racial composition of contemporary museum audiences has remained at a level of diversity reminiscent of the 1970s while the diversity of the general population has more than tripled during that time.
William Villalongo plays with deeply rooted art historical iconography
by redefining
racial and sexual politics in his
compositions.
Luscious colors, complex
compositions, transcendental narratives and an ability to seamlessly work across media: Marshall is shifting expectations on
racial identity and art historical discourse
by declaring himself and his culture Invisible No More.
Although the maltreated and comparison groups were comparable in terms of
racial composition, to prevent spurious associations that can result from variation in allele frequency and prevalence of trait
by population (24), ancestry proportion scores were generated and included as a covariate in all analyses.