Sentences with phrase «by radiative flux»

The higher energy state is then maintained by radiative flux.

«Because the solar - thermal energy balance of Earth [at the top of the atmosphere (TOA)-RSB- is maintained by radiative processes only, and because all the global net advective energy transports must equal zero, it follows that the global average surface temperature must be determined in full by the radiative fluxes arising from the patterns of temperature and absorption of radiation.»

Dubious, I googled «must be determined by the radiative fluxes» and found a guest post by Willis Eschenbach at WUWT that questions that and other assertions, along with many reasonable comments.

Not exact matches

We may — like the IPCC — draw the conclusion that the radiant flux changes are dominated by cloud radiative forcing changes without information on clouds.

Changes in the planetary and tropical TOA radiative fluxes are consistent with independent global ocean heat - storage data, and are expected to be dominated by changes in cloud radiative forcing.

If Victor wasn't so stupid & trollish I would suggest Rob Painting's «How Increasing Carbon Dioxide Heats The Ocean» over on SkS and, by way of preparation, the added quote from IPCC AR5 WG1 3.4.1 «The net air — sea heat flux is the sum of two turbulent (latent and sensible) and two radiative (shortwave and longwave) components.»

But the troposphere can still warm with an increased radiative cooling term because it is also balanced by heating through latent heat release, subsidence, solar absorption, increased IR flux from the surface, etc..

(57k) When I state that the equilibrium climatic response must balance imposed RF (and feedbacks that occur), I am referring to a global time average RF and global time average response (in terms of radiative and convective fluxes), on a time scale sufficient to characterize the climatic state (including cycles driven by externally - forced cycles (diurnal, annual) and internal variability.

In this way, the response of LW fluxes (PR) and convection (CR) tend to spread the temperature response vertically from where forcings occur — not generally eliminating the effect of RF distribution over height, although in the case with convection driven by differential radiative heating within a layer, CR can to a first approximation evenly distribute a temperature response over such a layer.

Starting from an old equilbrium, a change in radiative forcing results in a radiative imbalance, which results in energy accumulation or depletion, which causes a temperature response that approahes equilibrium when the remaining imbalance approaches zero — thus the equilibrium climatic response, in the global - time average (for a time period long enough to characterize the climatic state, including externally imposed cycles (day, year) and internal variability), causes an opposite change in radiative fluxes (via Planck function)(plus convective fluxes, etc, where they occur) equal in magnitude to the sum of the (externally) imposed forcing plus any «forcings» caused by non-Planck feedbacks (in particular, climate - dependent changes in optical properties, + etc.).)

(Note that radiative forcing is not necessarily proportional to reduction in atmospheric transparency, because relatively opaque layers in the lower warmer troposphere (water vapor, and for the fractional area they occupy, low level clouds) can reduce atmospheric transparency a lot on their own while only reducing the net upward LW flux above them by a small amount; colder, higher - level clouds will have a bigger effect on the net upward LW flux above them (per fraction of areal coverage), though they will have a smaller effect on the net upward LW flux below them.

The effect of band widenning is a reduction in net upward LW flux (this is called the radiative forcing), which is proportional to a change in area under the curve (a graph of flux over the spectrum); the contribution from band widenning is equal to the amount by which the band widens (in units ν) multiplied by - Fνup (CO2).

(Within a typical atmosphere, as on Earth, heat transport by conduction and molecular mass diffusion are relatively insignificant for bulk transport (there is some role in smaller - scale processes involving particles in the air), except when the net radiative flux and convective flux are very very small (not a condition generally found on Earth).

We have performed such experiments for the principal greenhouse gases, clouds, and aerosols using the [Goddard Institute] climate model by systematically inserting, or taking out, each atmospheric constituent one at a time, and recording the corresponding radiative flux change.

Radiative flux is meaningless by itself in most situations.

In another study, a multi-year time series of surface radiative fluxes and other atmospheric properties measured by a DOE climate program are being used at AER to evaluate radiative fluxes and to validate forecasts of surface temperature and other properties in the Weather Research and Forecasting (WRF) regional model.

This necessitates taking into account atmospheric radiative transfer so that any SST warming is driven by radiative changes (e.g., changes in greenhouse gas concentrations) and resultant changes in the surface fluxes.

6 are determined entirely by a choice of the only free parameter l, which can be expressed in terms of a critical threshold of net radiative flux r c, below which no physical solution exists (Fig. 5).

The radiative flux predicted by the HIRLAM weather model was compared to observations made in Jokioinen and Sodankylä.

There are large decadal fluctuations in TOA radiative flux that are caused by these decadal changes in ocean and atmosphere circulation — i.e. the stadium wave.

The working group activities are motivated by several identified deficiencies in estimates of high latitude surface fluxes (e.g., sensible and latent heat, radiative fluxes, stress, and gas fluxes).

(For clarity regarding my reference to evidence «confirmed by satellite», in that particular case I was referring to measurements of radiative flux that confirm the greenhouse effect).

The higher frequency content in the temperature series by necessary assumption arises from other radiative forcings as well as natural heat flux oscillations.

This flux is roughly compensated by the sum of the sensible heat, latent heat, and * net * upwelling radiative fluxes.

I am concerned about the apparent lack of correlation between the shortwave reflections and CRF as measured by the neutron counter (figure 6 on my DRAFT copy of «Cosmic rays modulation of the cloud effects on the radiative flux in the Southern Hemisphere Magnetic Anomaly region»).

A comparison of CO2 and CH4 fluxes from eutrophic reservoirs suggests that eutrophication does little to change the net carbon balance of reservoirs, but greatly increases the atmospheric radiative forcing caused by these systems through the stimulation of CH4 production (figure 3).

But it is the departures from LTE, caused by and causing superimposed radiative fluxes at different temperatures etc

Or net radiative flux at TOA is influenced by variability in OHC.

Quote: «The greenhouse effect theory would have us believe that trace gases in the atmosphere can absorb enough of that immense surface radiative flux to slow it down, which is nonsense, or to radiate enough back to warm the surface to a temperature higher than it is warmed by solar energy.

«in an isotropic non GHG world, the net would be zero, as the mean conduction flux would equalize, but in our earth it is still nearly zero» if the atmosphere were isothermal at the same temperature as the surface then exactly the downwelling radiation absorbed by the surface would be equal to the radiation of th surface absorbed by the air (or rather by its trace gases) and both numbers would be (1 - 2E3 (t (nu)-RRB--RRB- pi B (nu, T) where t (nu) is the optical thickness, B the Planck function, nu the optical frequency and T the temperature; as the flow from the air absorbed by the surface is equal to the flow from the surface absorbed by the air, the radiative heat transfer is zero between surface and air.

The radiative impact of a decrease in cloud cover on the surface net flux can be offset or even canceled if cloud opacity increases by 5 % -10 %.

It's such an extreme bastardisation of the physics and mathematics relating to radiative fluxes that it should have been called out by EVERY PhD in relevant disciplines and ridiculed for the Alice in Wonderland thinking it clearly is.

see fred «'' Jeff, the 1C value for a forcing of 3.7 W / m ^ 2 (the canonical value for doubled CO2 based on radiative transfer equations and spectroscopic data) is derived by differentiating the Stefan - Boltzmann equation that equates flux (F) to a constant (sigma) x the fourth power of temperature.

Clouds can also enhance the planetary albedo by reflecting shortwave (SW) solar radiative flux back to space to cool the Earth.

«Clouds can act as a greenhouse ingredient to warm the Earth by trapping outgoing longwave (LW) infrared radiative flux at the top of the atmosphere (TOA).

Although we focus on a hypothesized CR - cloud connection, we note that it is difficult to separate changes in the CR flux from accompanying variations in solar irradiance and the solar wind, for which numerous causal links to climate have also been proposed, including: the influence of UV spectral irradiance on stratospheric heating and dynamic stratosphere - troposphere links (Haigh 1996); UV irradiance and radiative damage to phytoplankton influencing the release of volatile precursor compounds which form sulphate aerosols over ocean environments (Kniveton et al. 2003); an amplification of total solar irradiance (TSI) variations by the addition of energy in cloud - free regions enhancing tropospheric circulation features (Meehl et al. 2008; Roy & Haigh 2010); numerous solar - related influences (including solar wind inputs) to the properties of the global electric circuit (GEC) and associated microphysical cloud changes (Tinsley 2008).

The skin itself cools by about 0.3 or 0.4 K due to radiative fluxes at the skin surface, which is a change that is two orders of magnitude greater than the alleged heat change in the skin layer induced by GHGs.

The radiative forcing equations have been confirmed by field measurements showing the expected level of IR flux arising from the surface in an upward direction in CO2 - absorbable wavelengths.

Additional variables also being measured by Aqua include radiative energy fluxes, aerosols, vegetation cover on the land, phytoplankton and dissolved organic matter in the oceans, and air, land, and water temperatures.

Air temperature is a nonconservative, intensive variable whose local value depends not only upon the radiative fluxes driven by thermalization of insolation, but upon upon the atmoshperic pressure, in accordance with Boyle's law.

Quantitatively similar trends are derived from radiative flux retrievals by the ERBS and Terra and Aqua satellites.

It is easy to confuse calculated TOA imbalance (or radiative forcing), caused by increasing GHGs or other perturbations, with actual TOA flux, which must remain equal to F0 in the long term.

Natural or anthropogenic CO2 in the atmosphere induces a «radiative forcing» ΔF, defined by IPCC (2001: ch.6.1) asa change in net (down minus up) radiant - energy flux at the tropopause in response to a perturbation.

Net flux is a constant, by definition of radiative equilibrium there is zero heating of every layer.

In other words, a bigger share of the 240 W / m 2 of the vertical energy transport will be transported by convective / advective means with a stronger GHE, and a smaller share by radiative means because the sum of convective vertical energy transport plus the diminished radiative flux must add up to about 240 W / m 2 in order to balance the incoming shortwave radiation.

whereF is radiant - energy flux at the emitting surface; εis emissivity, set at 1 for a blackbody that absorbs and emits all irradiance reaching its emitting surface (by Kirchhoff's law of radiative transfer, absorption and emission are equal and simultaneous), 0 for a whitebody that reflects all irradiance, and (0, 1) for a graybody that partly absorbs / emits and partly reflects; and σ ≈ 5.67 x 10 — 8 is the Stefan - Boltzmann constant.

LC09 purported to determine climate sensitivity by examining the response of radiative fluxes at the Top - of - the - Atmosphere (TOA) to ocean temperature changes in the tropics.

Consequently whilst the temperature variations may be correlated to a greater or lesser extent with radiative flux anomalies (< 7Wm - 2), they could be wholly or partially caused / explained by interannual variations in

Jeff, the 1C value for a forcing of 3.7 W / m ^ 2 (the canonical value for doubled CO2 based on radiative transfer equations and spectroscopic data) is derived by differentiating the Stefan - Boltzmann equation that equates flux (F) to a constant (sigma) x the fourth power of temperature.

I managed to retrieve a publication (Myhre & al., 1998: New estimates of radiative forcing due to well mixed greenhouse gases) where the well known factor used to compute the CO2 flux density out of its concentration's logarithm (5.35) was found by using line - by - line and narrow - band models on the base of data stored in the HITRAN database.