The hydrology of the FRB is dominated
by snow accumulation and melt processes, leading to a prominent annual peak streamflow invariably occurring in June - July.
The hydrology of the FRB is dominated
by snow accumulation and melt processes, leading to a prominent annual peak streamflow invariably occurring in June — July.
Not exact matches
David Ullman, a postdoctoral researcher at Oregon State University and lead author on the study, said there are two mechanisms through which ice sheets diminish — dynamically, from the jettisoning of icebergs at the fringes, or
by a negative «surface mass balance,» which compares the amount of
snow accumulation relative to melting.
By measuring the thickness of the ice laid down each year, the researchers estimated annual
snow accumulation for the past 300 years.
The beginning of the last glacial period was characterized in the Northern hemisphere
by significant
accumulation of
snow at high latitudes and the formation of a huge polar ice sheet.
When firn is buried beneath subsequent
snow accumulations, density increases as air spaces between the crystals are reduced
by mechanical packing and plastic deformation until... interconnected air passages between grains are sealed off into individual air bubbles (Herron and Langway, 1980).
«If the structure is indeed the result of the 2004 impact, we would expect it to have undergone about 10 years of alteration
by processes such as
snow accumulation, erosion
by the wind, and deformation
by the flow of the ice shelf itself.»
The
accumulation of packed
snow in the concrete's seams made opaque grids, grids that were again defined
by planes of less dense, more transparent layers of
snow that covered the higher surfaces.
Although Zwally calculated the net «mass gains from
snow accumulation exceeded losses from ice discharge
by about 112 and 82 Gt / year respectively during the 1992 - 2001 and 2003 - 08 measurement periods», he also reported that the rate of ice loss along the west Antarctic coast and the peninsula had increased from 64 GT / year to 135 GT / year during those same periods.
In this way Antarctica undergoes rapid ice loss followed
by periods of slower recuperation depending on regional rates of
snow accumulation.
I would expect that most people in that area would be able to deal with even the highest
accumulation predicted (you wait for a
snow plow to come
by if nothing else), but that is simply an assumption on my part.
Ice, Cloud and land Elevation Satellite (ICESat) data (2003 — 08) show mass gains from
snow accumulation exceeded discharge losses
by 82 ± 25 Gt a − 1, reducing global sea - level rise
by 0.23 mm a − 1.
Dansgaard et al. (1989); increasingly abrupt changes were seen on further study, Johnsen et al. (1992); Grootes et al. (1993); jumps of Greenland
snow accumulation «possibly in one to three years» were reported
by Alley et al. (1993); see Alley (2000); five - year Younger Dryas steps: Taylor et al. (1997); a Younger Dryas temperature step in less than a decade was found to be hemisphere - wide since methane gas changed as well, Severinghaus et al. (1998).
Mass Gains of the Antarctic Ice Sheet Exceed Losses http://ntrs.nasa.gov/search.jsp?R=20120013495 SCAR ISMASS Workshop, July 14, 2012 «During 2003 to 2008, the mass gain of the Antarctic ice sheet from
snow accumulation exceeded the mass loss from ice discharge
by 49 Gt / yr (2.5 % of input), as derived from ICESat laser measurements of elevation change
Long - term climate warming is strongly correlated with declining
snow water equivalent and shifts in stream flow throughout the American West and appear to be largely explained
by decreased spring
accumulation and / or increased spring melt.
Scientists: Warming causes Antarctic ice sheet growth, and lower sea levels
By Kenneth Richard While many scientists are projecting rapid sea level rise as a result of a warmer Antarctica and consequent ice sheet melting, other scientists are projecting that the surface of the Antarctic ice sheet will gain in mass because a warmer Antarctica means
snow and ice
accumulation will outpace the -LSB-...]
Glaciochemical and particulate data record atmospheric - loading changes with little uncertainty introduced
by changes in
snow accumulation.
http://ntrs.nasa.gov/archive/nasa/casi.ntrs.nasa.gov/20120013495.pdf During 2003 to 2008, the mass gain of the Antarctic ice sheet from
snow accumulation exceeded the mass loss from ice discharge
by 49 Gt / yr (2.5 % of input), as derived from ICESat laser measurements of elevation change.
When firn is buried beneath subsequent
snow accumulations, density increases as air spaces between the crystals are reduced
by mechanical packing and plastic deformation until... interconnected air passages between grains are sealed off into individual air bubbles (Herron and Langway, 1980).
Snow accumulation forecasts will be replaced
by precipitation forecasts.
Here in the U.S., the Massachusetts Supreme Court this year abolished the «natural
accumulation rule,» and held that property owners could be liable for injuries sustained
by snow walkers, even if the
snow hadn't been touched
by human hands.
Because our existing case law holds that a property owner does not violate the duty of reasonable care
by failing to remove natural
accumulations of
snow and ice, see Sullivan v. Brookline, 416 Mass. 825, 827 (1994), the judge concluded that, as a matter of law, the plaintiff could not prevail on his claims of negligence; therefore, the judge allowed the defendants» motions for summary judgment.
But an «unnatural»
accumulation of
snow or ice, perhaps caused
by a snowblower or spilled water that has frozen into a glaze of slippery ice, is another story.
This rule, as we apply it, provides that a landlord or business invitor owes aduty to a tenant or business invitee 1292 * 1292 «to use reasonable care to see that the common areas are kept reasonably safe from the dangers created
by an
accumulation of
snow and ice which is attributed to purely natural causes.»