Sentences with phrase «by soil moisture»

The DTR reduction by clouds is largest in warm and dry seasons such as autumn over northern midlatitudes when latentheat release is limited by the soil moisture content.

Annual growth in bristlecones seems to be controlled primarily by soil moisture, whjich draws down over the summer.

However, surface temperature is more geographically variable than mid-tropospheric temperature, and is strongly influenced by the diurnal cycle and by soil moisture.

Radiation biases are largely affected by cloud simulations, while EF bias is largely affected by soil moisture modulated by seasonal accumulated precipitation and evaporation.

Not exact matches

Causal agents: Blossom - end rot occurs when the plant is unable to take up adequate calcium, a condition caused by fluctuating soil moisture (drought or overwatering), high nitrogen fertilization, or root pruning during cultivation.

It does so by working in tandem with a smartphone app to monitor the soil moisture, nutrition, temperature, humidity and light.

It is found that the performance of NB sensors is strongly limited by the presence of the soil moisture and by its small - scale variations.

According to Greg Okin, a professor of geography at the University of California, Los Angeles, «Climate models predict that the Southwest should get warmer and drier, and that by 2050 soil moisture could be lower than the US Dust Bowl Era.»

The Warming Meadow's radiators raise average soil temperatures by about three degrees Fahrenheit, decrease growing season soil moisture by up to twenty percent and advance the spring snowmelt date by up to a month in order to simulate predicted effects of climate change.

In the western United States particularly, water availability is affected by plants, which are like «little water pumps» that drain soil moisture throughout the entire growing season, he said.

«There are a lot of different pathways by which temperature can negatively affect crop yield: soil moisture deficit [or] heat directly damaging the plants and interfering with their reproductive process.»

For more than a third of the country, out - of - the - ordinary soil moisture can change the likelihood of next - day rain by a median factor of 13 %.

«By 2050 soil moisture could be lower than it was in the Dust Bowl era.»

In their upcoming second Ecological Restoration publication titled «Resurgence of Native Plants After Removal of Amur honeysuckle from Bender Mountain Preserve,» Conover and Sisson reveal the lengths to which honeysuckle alters habitats by decreasing light availability and depleting soil moisture and nutrients, as well as by possibly releasing toxic chemicals that prevent other plant species from growing in the vicinity.

Nor do they know what such changes mean for the food web; for life - cycle events like migration, breeding and nesting; for the amount of moisture that trees will suck from the soil; or for the amount of carbon dioxide stored by plants.

No - till and, to a lesser degree, conservation tillage maintains or improves soil quality by preserving soil structure and moisture, increasing soil organic matter, and providing habitat for soil microbes.

The marks carved into the clay are caused by buried archaeological remains absorbing moisture from the soil.

The growth medium was a peat potting mixture, with water content measured by a soil - moisture sensor.

Continuously monitoring plant «water stress» is particularly critical in arid regions and traditionally has been done by measuring soil moisture content or developing evapotranspiration models that calculate the sum of ground surface evaporation and plant transpiration.

«The study showed soil amendment using lignite - derived humic substances improved the condition of plants exposed to water stress by reducing moisture loss,» he said.

Extreme summer heat can endanger food security by reducing crop productivity, stressing livestock, reducing soil moisture, and increasing water consumption.

by Robert Sanders, UC Berkeley An oft - neglected layer of weathered rock underlying the soil on hillslopes could be a... [Read More...] about Hidden «rock moisture» may be key to tree survival during drought

These community run farms use a technique known as Analog forestry, which imitates the native biodiversity of the region's flora and fauna, by planting in the shade of tree canopies to assist in replenishing the nutrition and moisture of the soil.

HELEN FRANKENTHALER (B. 1928) Pranzo Italiano (Harrison 44) etching and aquatint in colors, 1973, on White Fabriano, signed and dated in pencil, numbered 34/43 (there were also 3 artist's proofs), published by 2RC Edizioni d'Arte, Rome, with full margins, two pale foxmarks in the lower margin, moisture staining at the lower sheet edge (associated pale foxing, primarily visible on the reverse), occasional pale surface soiling in the margins, otherwise in good condition P. 8 1/2 x 7 7/8 in.

Model projections suggest that although increased temperature and decreased soil moisture will act to reduce global crop yields by 2050, the direct fertilization effect of rising carbon dioxide concentration -LRB-[CO2]-RRB- will offset these losses.

At a global scale, increased CO2 concentrations could partially offset expected yield declines caused by lower soil moisture and higher temperature, but recent models suggest a significantly smaller fertilization effect from CO2 than previously predicted (25).

Soil moisture is driven by precipitation (predominately) and temperature (and perhaps winds).

The forecast center begins tracking flood information in October by studying soil moisture, snow, the amount of moisture within the snow and frost.

Finally, the rate of evaporation over land is limited by the amount of moisture in the soil.

The climate models employed in the IPCC's Fourth Assessment are clearly deficient in their ability to correctly simulate soil moisture trends, even when applied to the past and when driven by observed climate forcings.

How are soil moisture, surface fluxes, and aerosol properties altered by deep convective precipitation events and seasonal accumulation of precipitation?

This unique response of RSM to extra soil moisture provided by irrigation is consistent with Christy et al. (2006)'s observational study that found increased nighttime minimum temperature in California Central Valley during the last century.

From the perspective of soil moisture, the ongoing drought is the worst in at least the last 1,200 years, the study found, adding that the high temperatures in the past few years may have aggravated the precipitation deficits by nearly 40 %.

These include millions of trees killed in recent years by beetles that prefer warmer weather, and declines in spring soil moisture brought on by earlier snowmelt.

Soil moisture remained good in the Lower Valley due to their wetter than normal season but in the northern parts of Texas, soil moisture is declining (Information provided by the Texas Office of State ClimatoloSoil moisture remained good in the Lower Valley due to their wetter than normal season but in the northern parts of Texas, soil moisture is declining (Information provided by the Texas Office of State Climatolosoil moisture is declining (Information provided by the Texas Office of State Climatology).

«Poor land use practices and many years of intense drought contributed to these heat waves by depleting soil moisture and reducing the moderating effects of evaporation.»

The shift can be explained by changing precipitation patterns and higher average temperatures that make moisture evaporate from the soil more rapidly than in the past, the study said.

These tools provide the means to sharpen assessment and management capacities required to: compare the result of several water allocations plans; improve soil - moisture control - practices under rainfed conditions; optimize irrigation scheduling; sustainably intensify crop production; close the yield and water - productivity gaps; quantify the impact of climate variability and change on cropping systems; enhance strategies for increased water productivity and water savings; minimize the negative impact on the environment caused by agriculture.

Drought is expected to occur 20 - 40 percent more often in most of Australia over the coming decades.6, 18 If our heat - trapping emissions continue to rise at high rates, 19 more severe droughts are projected for eastern Australia in the first half of this century.6, 17 And droughts may occur up to 40 percent more often in southeast Australia by 2070.2 Unless we act now to curb global warming emissions, most regions of the country are expected to suffer exceptionally low soil moisture at almost double the frequency that they do now.3 Studies suggest that climate change is helping to weaken the trade winds over the Pacific Ocean, with the potential to change rainfall patterns in the region, including Australia.20, 21,16,22

Explore common L - band sensor and algorithm issues for sea surface salinity and soil moisture retrievals derived by SMOS and Aquarius data.

CO2 has a strong sensitivity to temperature and this is enhanced over continents by precipitation and therefore the average level of moisture in soil.

«For a given wind farm, the inhibiting effect should be quantified by fully considering local background environmental factors (e.g., temperature and soil moisture) and the recovery of vegetation with different vegetation conditions.

Even in areas where precipitation does not decrease, these increases in surface evaporation and loss of water from plants lead to more rapid drying of soils if the effects of higher temperatures are not offset by other changes (such as reduced wind speed or increased humidity).5 As soil dries out, a larger proportion of the incoming heat from the sun goes into heating the soil and adjacent air rather than evaporating its moisture, resulting in hotter summers under drier climatic conditions.6

In her study, RCMs operating at the typical 25 — 50 km scale resolution tend to overestimate the positive soil moisture — precipitation feedback in the Alpine area, which is better represented by higher resolution models.

Depending on the region, the persistence from spring to summer of soil moisture or snow anomalies generated during spring by temperature and precipitation variations may explain river flows variations in summer, when no concomitant climate variations exist.

These advances include the near - global three - dimensional sampling by the Argo array of temperature and salinity profiling floats and spaceborne measurements of sea surface salinity using the European Space Agency's Soil Moisture and Ocean Salinity (SMOS) spacecraft and NASA's Aquarius mission aboard the Argentine SAC - D spacecraft (which ceased operations in June 2015).

Adding compost also enhanced soil quality, increased plant growth and cattle forage by up to 50 %, and helped the soil retain moisture, a crucial benefit in drought - stricken California.

We identify mechanisms associated with ecological responses (i.e., GPP) in a given location by reviewing associated variables (e.g., temperature, precipitation, VPD, soil moisture).

Natural processes changed the timing and magnitude of soil moisture, streamflow, and groundwater deficits by up to several years, and caused the amplification of rainfall declines in streamflow to be greater than in normal dry years.

Wagner heads a study by the International Soil Moisture Network.