Low Volatility: This is the ultimate risk measurement as gauged
by the standard deviation of returns.
Bonds typically have much lower volatility (measured
by the standard deviation of their returns) than stocks, which make them suitable for the more risk - averse investors.
It beat its Russell 2000 ® index benchmark in one -, three -, five - and ten - year periods as well as since inception through 2013, at a comparable risk level measured
by a standard deviation of returns.
It doesn't matter if you measure risk
by standard deviation of returns, beta, or credit rating (with junk bonds).
A measure that indicates the average return minus the risk - free return divided
by the standard deviation of return on an investment.
Not exact matches
Timmer: You know, the last two years until the January high, were really extraordinary times for the market, and I fear that investors got spoiled
by that, because the S&P was up I think 52 % in two years and in 2017 the volatility — the
standard deviation of those
returns — was at an all - time low
of 3.9.
Volatility represented
by annualized
standard deviation of monthly
returns for Institutional shares, all other share classes will vary, from first month - end after inception (2/28/89).
It is calculated
by taking a fund's excess
return over that
of the three - month Treasury bill divided
by its
standard deviation.
The following chart summarizes average (equally weighted) sector
returns and
standard deviations of average sector
returns by calendar month over the available sample period.
Shifting 40 %
of the portfolio into bonds reduced portfolio
standard deviation from 16.57 % to 11.49 %.4 Portfolio risk declined
by 30 % and yearly
returns fell into a tighter range between -13 % and +33 %.
The Sharpe ratio is calculated
by subtracting the risk - free rate - such as that
of the 3 - month U.S. Treasury Bill - from the rate
of return for a portfolio and dividing the result
by the
standard deviation of the portfolio
returns.
Calculate daily realized volatility
of IEF as the
standard deviation of daily total
returns over the past 21 trading days, multiplied
by the square root
of 252 to annualize.
«Identifying VXX / XIV Tendencies» finds that the Volatility Risk Premium (VRP), estimated as the difference between the current level
of the S&P 500 implied volatility index (VIX) and the annualized
standard deviation of S&P 500 Index daily
returns over the previous 21 trading days (multiplying
by the square root
of 250 to annualize), may be a useful predictor
of iPath S&P 500 VIX Short - term Futures ETN (VXX) and VelocityShares Daily Inverse VIX Short - term ETN (XIV)
returns.
We focus on gross compound annual growth rate (CAGR), gross maximum drawdown (MaxDD) and rough gross annual Sharpe ratio (average annual
return divided
by standard deviation of annual
returns) as key performance statistics for the Top 1, equally weighted (EW) Top 2 and EW Top 3 portfolios
of monthly winners.
For this comparison, Sharpe is defined as fund annualized percentage
return (APR) minus 90 - day TBill APR divided
by fund annualized
standard deviation STDEV, all over the same period, which is lifetime
of fund (or back to January 1962).
I also have had a lower amount
of volatility (as measured
by standard deviation of day - over-day
returns) then my benchmark index (the S&P / TSX Composite Index).
The efficient frontier is a curve which represents all the points where for a given level
of risk (as measured
by standard deviation)
of a portfolio you are achieving the optimal rate
of return.
Different versions
of risk are usually measured
by calculating the
standard deviation of the historical
returns or average
returns of a specific investment.
The volatility
of the fund, measured
by the
standard deviation of monthly
returns, was slightly higher than that
of the reference ETF portfolio.
The world - wide portfolio more than doubles the 40 - year
return of the S&P 500 at less risk when measured
by standard deviation and the worst five - year period.
If you believe as we do that risk can not be adequately explained
by a single number such as
standard deviation of return, but is rather the potential for the respective portfolios to face future capital impairment, it becomes important to compare the fundamental character
of the manager's portfolio to that
of the benchmark.
Risk, when measured
by standard deviation, is minimized with a 50 % allocation to the DRS.. The Sharpe ratio, which is the most commonly used measure
of risk /
return trade - off, is maximized at around a 70 % allocation to the DRS.
Yet that additional 1 %
of return was accompanied
by nearly twice the risk, a
standard deviation of 14.99 % and a peak to trough loss (Max DD)
of more than 50 %.
Another way to look at the results
of the AAII screens is to calculate compound annual
returns divided
by standard deviation for each series
of results from 1998 to 2012.
During the 1978 - 2017 time frame, the S&P 500 Index
returned 11.81 % with a risk factor
of 15.20 %, as measured
by standard deviation, whereas the Barclays Bond Index
returned 6.99 % with a
standard deviation of only 4.19 %.
The chart shows that the annualized
standard deviation of the least popular quartile was 20.18 %; the most popular quartile,
by comparison, actually had a much higher annualized
standard deviation of 28.35 % — suggesting that this measure
of unpopularity actually gives higher
returns with less risk.
Volatility is measured
by the
standard deviation of five years
of weekly total
returns in local currency.
* As measured
by the
Standard Deviation (volatility)
of our monthly
returns versus the TSX Composite.
Shifting 40 %
of the portfolio into bonds reduced portfolio
standard deviation from 16.57 % to 11.49 %.4 Portfolio risk declined
by 30 % and yearly
returns fell into a tighter range between -13 % and +33 %.
Additionally, these impressive Sharpe ratios come with low risk when measured
by other means than
standard deviation of returns.
The calculated performance number can be volatility adjusted, in which case the model adjusts the asset
return performance
by calculating the average daily
return over the timing period divided
by the
standard deviation of daily total
returns over the volatility window period.
To investigate, we consider two measures
of U.S. stock market volatility: (1) realized volatility, calculated as the
standard deviation of daily S&P 500 Index
return over the last 21 trading days (annualized); and, (2) implied volatility as measured
by the Chicago Board Options Exchange Market Volatility Index (VIX).
Calculated
by annualizing the
standard deviation of the fund's daily
returns over the 1 - year period ended as
of the date
of the calculation.
For example, given that the price
return of a bond is determined
by the bond's duration and yield change, a bond portfolio constructed using the volatility measure
of standard deviation of price
return could be biased toward bonds with short duration.
Stocks were then ranked based on their 1 year sharpe ratio, or the annualized
return of a stock divided
by its annualized
standard deviation of the weekly
returns.
By definition, approximately 68 % of the time, the total return is expected to differ from its mean total return by no more than plus or minus the standard deviation figur
By definition, approximately 68 %
of the time, the total
return is expected to differ from its mean total
return by no more than plus or minus the standard deviation figur
by no more than plus or minus the
standard deviation figure.
To show a relationship between excess
return and risk, this number is then divided
by the
standard deviation of the portfolio's annualized excess
returns.
It is calculated
by subtracting the risk - free rate from the rate
of return for a portfolio and dividing the result
by the
standard deviation of the portfolio
returns.
The volatility
of a pair is measured
by calculating the
standard deviation of its
returns.
The Sharpe ratio is calculated for a time series
by dividing the mean period
return (daily, monthly, yearly), in excess
of the risk free rate,
by the
standard deviation of such
returns.
Standard Deviation (StdDev (x)-RRB- Now that we have calculated the excess return from subtracting the risk - free rate of return from the return of the risky asset, we need to divide this by the standard deviation of the risky asset being m
Standard Deviation (StdDev (x)-RRB- Now that we have calculated the excess return from subtracting the risk - free rate of return from the return of the risky asset, we need to divide this by the standard deviation of the risky asset being
Deviation (StdDev (x)-RRB- Now that we have calculated the excess
return from subtracting the risk - free rate
of return from the
return of the risky asset, we need to divide this
by the
standard deviation of the risky asset being m
standard deviation of the risky asset being
deviation of the risky asset being measured.
It is calculated
by taking a fund's excess
return over that
of the three - month Treasury bill divided
by its
standard deviation.
At about 15 %, the fund's volatility, measured
by an annualized
standard deviation of monthly
returns in the entire analysis period, was slightly lower than that
of the overall stock market.
The Levy - Gunthorpe
standard deviation is superior to calculating the annualized
standard deviation of returns as the product
of the
standard deviation of the monthly
returns multiplied
by the square root
of 12.