Sentences with phrase «by the charged particles»

Since 2004 Voyager 1 had been travelling through a border zone in the heliosphere, the magnetic bubble blown by charged particles streaming from the sun.

The field shields us from bombardment by charged particles from the sun.

«Anything that's electromagnetic can be affected by their charged particles,» says NASA astrophysicist Madhulika Guhathakurta, a program scientist for STEREO.

A great many asteroids show evidence of weathering, a reddening process likely marking degradation of minerals by the charged particles of the solar wind that is «almost like a sunburn,» Binzel says.

The energy provided by the charged particles may have provided the boost needed for simple molecules to combine to form complex molecules such as DNA and RNA.

They release radio energy in a nearly flat spectrum because of the emission of radiation by charged particles moving spirally at nearly the speed of light in a magnetic field enmeshed in the gaseous remnant.

We simulate a CCD readout with CTI such as that caused by charged particle radiation damage.

Birkeland was convinced that the aurora were created by charged particles streaming from the sun, drawn towards the poles of the earth by the magnetic field surrounding the planet and creating the lights as they collided with atoms in the earth's atmosphere, about 100 kilometers above the surface of the planet.

Guest essay by Robert Johnson How plasma connects the Sun to the climate The Aurora Borealis (Northern Lights) are a plasma phenomenon caused by charged particles from the solar wind entering the Earth's upper atmosphere.

Not exact matches

Some scientists believe that an electrical apocalypse could really occur, in the event of an electromagnetic pulse attack, described in one 2008 white paper as «a high - intensity burst of electromagnetic energy caused by the rapid acceleration of charged particles.»

The scientist tells us much, though much of it is still tentative, and we read of the positive or negative electric charge carried by different particles, and the manner of their operation within the atom because of this relationship.

Researchers at the Center for Bright Beams, an NSF Science and Technology Center led by Cornell University, are working to decrease the costs associated with accelerator technology while simultaneously increasing the intensity of charged particle beams by two orders of magnitude.

Outer space may look mostly empty, but it's actually packed with cosmic radiation — gamma rays and charged particles produced by exploding stars, black holes and other violent astrophysical phenomena.

The new particles broke established rules by having fractional electrical charges of +2 / 3 or -1 / 3, and could also never be seen alone.

Although the negatively charged particles typically repel one another, two electrons can bind together by exchanging phonons, or quantum packets of vibration, via the lattice of ions within these materials.

Charged particles can be accelerated to even higher speed by our planet's magnetic field.

But even though uncounted billions of dark - matter particles pass through Earth (and right through you, in fact) every second, they can not be seen; they have no electric charge and interact so infrequently with atomic matter that the only way we can hope to find them is by laying a clever trap.

The accelerator achieves unparalleled precision by harnessing the power of protons, positively charged particles in the nucleus of an atom.

Likewise, if black holes act like information mirrors, as Hayden and Preskill suggested, a particle falling into a black hole would be followed by an antiparticle coming out — a partner with the opposite electric charge — which would carry the information contained in the spin of the original particle.

This freely moving particle, predicted by many grand theories of the universe, is thought to carry a single quantum of magnetic «charge», rather as an electron carries a single unit of electric charge.

Auroras are caused by streams of charged particles like electrons that come from various origins such as solar winds, the planetary ionosphere, and moon volcanism.

The moon is constantly bombarded by a stream of highly charged particles emanating from the sun, called the solar wind.

«Comets carry with them a magnetic field created by streaming charged particles that interact with the solar wind,» Schultz said.

Electromagnetism is the physics of the electromagnetic field: a field, encompassing all of space, which exerts a force on those particles that possess the property of electric charge, and is in turn affected by the presence and motion of such particles.

«Patterns of particles generated by surface charges: How disorder turns into order.»

Now, Arnold and his team at NYU Tandon's MicroParticle PhotoPhysics Laboratory for BioPhotonics (MP3L) are the first to find a way to determine the density of charges on an area of a WGM micro-bead's surface, as well as the charge of an ensnared nanoparticle or virus, by measuring how light frequency fluctuates as the tiny particle follows its wobbly course around the sphere.

Solar flares are sometimes followed by coronal mass ejections (CMEs), which spew charged and magnetized particles into space.

Recent work (funded via an Elise Richter Fellowhip by the FWF) has focused on particles with inhomogeneously charged surface regions: The majority of the particle carries negative electric charge, but the polar regions on the top and at the bottom of the particle are positively charged.

At the Vienna University of Technology (TU Wien), the phenomenon of self - assembly is being investigated by studying inhomogeneously charged particles.

The result can also be influenced by tuning the electrical charge of the floor plate on which the particles rest — a parameter which is very easy to control in an experiment.

Understanding the two phenomena, which are both produced by interactions between charged particles and the planet's magnetic field, may help to explain the variations in the timing of the radio pulses and to shed light on Saturn's geomagnetic workings.

Proposed by Caltech geochemist Don Burnett, the idea was to put a spacecraft in orbit between the sun and Earth to collect particles of solar wind — electrically charged atoms from the sun's atmosphere blown outward through the solar system.

Li's team showed that during CRAND, cosmic rays entering Earth's atmosphere collide with neutral atoms, creating a splash that produces charged particles, including electrons, that become trapped by Earth's magnetic field.

Around spinning black holes, however, frame dragging could be hugely important: By whipping magnetic field lines through the electrically charged gas around the holes, it could convert them into electromagnetic generators, which would explain how they spew jets of energetic particles millions of light - years into space.

The problem is solved by using magnetic fields, which confine and thermally insulate the charged particles in the fuel, keeping them away from material surfaces.

They found that the multi-messenger data can be explained well by using numerical simulations to analyze the fate of these charged particles.

It does so by detecting the gamma rays those elements emit when they are bombarded by high - energy charged particles from space called cosmic rays.

As it flew by Mercury, it ran smack into a wave of charged particles from the solar wind that had apparently been deflected by a powerful magnetic field.

The xenon's job is to light up, with a jolt of electrical charge and a faint flash of light caught by surrounding sensors, when a dark - matter particle collides with one of its atoms — and the gallons of water and mile of rock's job is to stop anything else from getting in and disturbing it.

ICON will simultaneously measure the characteristics of charged particles in the ionosphere and neutral particles in the atmosphere — including those shaped by terrestrial weather — to understand how they interact.

The gamma rays could be generated when charged particles are accelerated by strong magnetic fields around the stellar remnant.

These imaginary particles have the characteristics of true electrons, but they aren't repulsed by one another or attracted to positively charged nuclei.

Plasmas are made of charged particles, and charged particles are affected by magnetic fields.

During the eclipse, scientists will also study Earth's outer atmosphere, the ionosphere, a region of the atmosphere containing particles that are charged by solar radiation.

These differences in density are caused by the interplay of the solar wind — the constant stream of charged particles from the sun — and the interplanetary magnetic field that stretches across the solar system.

They were inspired by Earth's own ionosphere, a region of the upper atmosphere where interactions between neutral and charged particles are responsible for many dynamic processes.

The mechanism is produced by layers of electrically charged particles (ions of sodium and potassium) on either side of the nerve membrane that change places when stimulated.

The sudden recoil of the atom's nucleus would trigger a shower of electrically charged particles and atoms as well as light and heat, which can be picked up by a sensor.

Whether they choose to eat sugar, sunlight, or filet mignon, cells ultimately derive their energy by shuffling electrons, the negatively charged particles that flitter in atoms and molecules.

«Closer to Earth we can observe charged particles from the sun, but analyzing them can be a challenge as their journey is affected by magnetic fields.»