Roemmich said the study illustrates that the hiatus in warming of the sea surface and the lower atmosphere is not representative of the steady, continuing heat
gain by the climate system.
Because the climate system derives virtually all its energy from the Sun, zero balance implies that, globally, the amount of incoming solar radiation on average must be equal to the sum of the outgoing reflected solar radiation and the outgoing thermal infrared radiation
emitted by the climate system.
«What we've done is we've taken a model that was once tied to plant phenology and adapted it to be more tuned to the atmospheric component so that we can isolate the part that's
driven by the climate system or is driven by the atmosphere.»
Defined by the National Academy of Sciences as climate change that «occurs when the climate system is forced to cross some threshold, triggering a transition to a new state at a rate
determined by the climate system itself and faster than the cause.
Final Text: The section's headline message states that total radiative forcing is positive and has led to an uptake of
energy by the climate system, and that the largest contribution to total radiative forcing is caused by the increase in the atmospheric concentration of CO2 since 1750.
The battleground issue here is whether the high AR1 coefficients observed empirically are properties imparted to the «proxies»
by the climate system or whether they are because of gross problems with the proxies.
Previous reviews (6 ⇓ ⇓ ⇓ — 10) have defined «abrupt climate change» as occurring «when the climate system is forced to cross some threshold, triggering a transition to a new state at a rate determined
by the climate system itself and faster than the cause» (8), which is a case of bifurcation (i.e., one that focuses on equilibrium properties, implying some degree of irreversibility).
Effectively, the forcing «felt»
by the climate system is only 53 %, i.e., 1.3 °C, which is identical to CEW G A, the committed warming adapted by earlier studies.