Sentences with phrase «by the dust grains»

It is produced by dust grains left behind by comet 21P Giacobini - Zinner, which was first discovered in 1900.

Not exact matches

butter for greasing pan 2 cups oat flour (make your own by processing old - fashioned oats) 1 3/4 teaspoons baking soda 1 1/4 teaspoons fine grain sea salt 2 1/4 cups (10 oz) unbleached all - purpose flour, plus more for dusting / kneading 1 3/4 cups buttermilk plus more if needed and 2 Tbsp for brushing dough 2 Tbsp seeds (white sesame seeds, black sesame seeds, caraway seeds, poppy seeds, etc)

By analyzing the light from molecular clouds, astronomers have observed not just H2O, but 200 different molecules — including H2, carbon dioxide and ammonia — existing either as gases or in ice that coats dust grains.

What had been discovered was a region where bigger dust grains were trapped and could grow much larger by colliding and sticking together.

These «debris disks» are constantly fed by collisions among rocky bodies — the larger of which can survive and grow by continued accretion — because the tiny dust grains quickly fall onto the central star or get blown out of the planetary system.

Johansen is also heartened by a recent discovery from ALMA, a submillimeter array of telescopes in Chile, of young planets sweeping clear paths through millimeter - sized dust grains in a protoplanetary disk no more than a million years old.

The dust grains that float through our solar system contain the ingredients to make water, which forms when the dust is zapped by a blast of charged wind from the sun.

Many young stars known to host planets also possess disks containing dust and icy grains, particles produced by collisions among asteroids and comets also orbiting the star.

One model says they do so by bulking up from colliding dust grains, while another says they collapse from sections of the disc.

The Planck spacecraft and a ground - based instrument in the Canary Islands have observed microwaves emitted by an interstellar dust cloud that are consistent with the grains turning on their axis tens of billions of times a second.

Bright exozodiacal light, created by the glowing grains of hot exozodiacal dust, or the reflection of starlight off these grains, was observed around nine of the targeted stars.

New work from a team of Carnegie cosmochemists published by Science Advances reports analyses of carbon - rich dust grains extracted from meteorites that show that these grains formed in the outflows from one or more type II supernovae more than two years after the progenitor stars exploded.

For this study, the team set out to investigate the timing of supernova dust formation by measuring isotopes — versions of elements with the same number of protons but different numbers of neutrons — in rare presolar silicon carbide grains with compositions indicating that they formed in type II supernovae.

In a paper published online today by Science, a group reports the growth of dust grains into significantly larger particles in the circumstellar dust and gas disks of the Orion Nebula.

A computer model developed by the team suggests that the grains must reach the size of boulders within a million years; otherwise, the dust particles and circumstellar gases will be blown apart by fierce ultraviolet radiation from the nebula's hottest, most massive young stars.

The researchers took samples of grains lifted by dust devils at different heights, studied tracks left by dust devils on the surface and measured physical and meteorological properties of dust devils.

Yet the very small size of grains on the surface of Phobos and Deimos can not, according to the researchers, be solely explained as the consequence of erosion from bombardment by interplanetary dust.

«We're not sure whether these stars are holding onto reservoirs of gas much longer than expected, or whether there's a sort of «last gasp» of second - generation gas produced by collisions of comets or evaporation from the icy mantles of dust grains,» said Meredith Hughes, an astronomer at Wesleyan University and coauthor of the study.

Shields — multiple layers of carbon and ceramic sheets — protected the solar panels and main body from damage by colliding dust grains.

Vinković's model «shows how dust grains propelled by radiation pressure can travel from the disk's hottest regions to its icy outer edges,» says astronomer Dániel Apai of the Space Telescope Science Institute in Baltimore, Maryland.

Simulations by Nora de Leeuw of University College London and colleagues suggest that the dust grains from which Earth formed had such a tenacious grip on water that they could have held onto the molecules despite the high temperatures.

Averaging over some 350 high - galactic - latitude patches of sky similar in size to the region observed by BICEP2, Puget reported that polarization from interstellar dust grains plays a significant role and might account for much of the BICEP2 signal that had been attributed to inflation - generated gravitational waves.

Hitchhikers Dust from the Mojave Desert (above left, 2,500 x magnification) contains an array of mineral grains, as well as a diatom, a single - celled aquatic organism commonly carried by dDust from the Mojave Desert (above left, 2,500 x magnification) contains an array of mineral grains, as well as a diatom, a single - celled aquatic organism commonly carried by dustdust.

Two possible ways that the inner solar system received water are: water molecules sticking to dust grains inside the «snow line» (as shown in the inset) and carbonaceous chondrite material flung into the inner solar system by the effect of gravity from protoJupiter.

The oxygen - rich supernova dust grain has a different composition than one reported earlier this year in Nature by cosmochemist Larry Nittler of the Carnegie Institution in Washington, D.C. «That's exciting,» says Nittler.

Galileo has also found that Jupiter's rings are made of small dust grains blasted off the surface of Jupiter's four innermost satellites by the impacts of meteoroids.

The now pebble - sized larger grains (in the second panel) then pile up and slow down, and in the third stage the gas is pushed outwards by the back - reaction, creating regions where dust accumulates, the so - called dust traps.

The gases and dust grains seen by the JCMT are not just important for the life cycle of stars.

The dust grains can be spotted by looking for thermal emission extending from the far infrared through millimetre wavelengths.

Being bombarded by radiation, those dust grains develop an electric charge.

Designed by students at the University of Colorado at Boulder, SDC is detecting dust grains produced by collisions among asteroids, comets, and Kuiper Belt objects during New Horizons» journey.

While other species detected in space are formed by gas - phase chemistry alone, or by a combination of both gas and solid - phase generation, methanol is a complex organic compound which is formed solely in the ice phase via surface reactions on dust grains.

Alternatively, turbulence or charging effects might lead to a reservoir of small grains at the surface layer that is not affected by the dust growth and fragmentation cycle dominating the dense disk midplane.

In order to self - consistently reproduce the intensity and polarimetric images, the dust grains, responsible for the scattered light, need to be dominated by sizes of around ten microns.

An international team of scientists has examined dust grains gathered by the NASA Stardust spacecraft and brought back to Earth — and has discovered that they originated in the interstellar dust stream.

We aim to find signs of disk evolutionary processes by studying the disk geometry and the dust grain properties at its surface, and to search for companion candidates.

It is likely that the polarization arises because the dust grains are partially aligned by the galactic magnetic field.

After six months of work, the team formed by CSIC staff and the LuzLux production company, among others, has completed the documentary «Nanocosmos, a journey to the origins of dust grains, a road movie which talks about the technological and human challenge that lies behind the development of instruments in the area of Laboratory Astrophysics.

The story unfolds in three levels: the journey of the recording team from Madrid (Spain) to Toulouse (France), the laboratory experiments explained by its principal investigators and the journey of the cosmic dust grains since they are born in the envelope of an evolved star until they become part of something bigger (a star, a planet or, why not, a living being).

A good fit to the data is found by two distinct dust populations: (1) very small, hence unbound, hot dust grains confined in a narrow region at the sublimation rim of carbonaceous material; (2) bound grains at 2 AU that are protected from sublimation and have a higher mass despite their fainter flux level.

Comets might form by combining smaller ice particles, including ice condensed as frost on microscopic dust grains that somehow formed.

The problem may be mitigated by irregularly - shaped dust grains which have scattering properties different from the Mie spheres used.

We propose that the hot dust is produced by the release of small carbon grains following the disruption of aggregates that originate from the warm component.

Four Easy Steps 1: Dust lids with M.A.C shadows Grain and Era followed by Nars Duo Eye Shadow in Cordura.

A very fine, organic layer of grain has been touched ever - so - lightly, if at all, by dust - busting algorithms, and the average video bitrate is a generous 35 Mbps.

Commissioned by Artangel, the pioneering art funding body behind Rachel Whiteread's House, 1993 and Jeremy Deller's The Battle of Orgreave, 2001, Spanish artist Jorge Otero - Pailos used a monumental sheet of latex over 50 metres long and six metres high to collect every grain of dust, pollution and smoke that has built up on a huge internal wall.

American House, Ghost Town, Colorado, 1931, Hand - pulled dust - grain photogravure image, 4» x 6» Authorizing seal of Paul Strand Archive © Paul Strand, donated by the Aperture Foundation Edition of 150 and 15 APs $ 300 - 500

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