Sentences with phrase «by the radioactive decay of»

Since 129 - Xenon is produced by radioactive decay of 129 - Iodine, these xenon isotopes put a time stamp on the formation age of the ancient parcel of mantle to within the first 100 million years of Earth's history.

«The South African extremophile bacteria are powered by the radioactive decay of unstable atoms in the rocks.

It is a naturally occurring isotope produced by the radioactive decay of thorium in sediments.

Natural circulation in the reactor alone is enough to remove all the heat generated by the radioactive decay of the elements in the reactor fuel.

The first rover to be powered by the radioactive decay of plutonium rather than sunlight, Curiosity will be able to work around - the - clock and through the Martian winter.

This isotope forms by the radioactive decay of potassium 40, which is sequestered in the rocks deep in Titan's core.

Beneath the Earth's crust lies the mantle which is heated by the radioactive decay of heavy elements.

«The Earth's internal thermal energy flows to the surface by conduction at a rate of 44.2 terawatts (TW), and is replenished by radioactive decay of minerals at a rate of 30 TW.»

«About 50 % of the heat given off by the Earth is generated by the radioactive decay of elements such as uranium and thorium, and their decay products.

Not exact matches

The nuclear hearts were powered by plutonium - 238, an element that emits close to a century's worth of steady heat due to its natural radioactive decay.

A recent analysis of chondrites by Carnegie's Myriam Telus was concerned with iron - 60, a short - lived radioactive isotope that decays into nickel - 60.

(A becquerel is a unit of the rate of radioactive decay — or radiation emitted by a substance.)

Mysterious seasonal wobbles in the rate of radioactive decay may be caused by elusive particles from the sun

Because Charon's modern - day surface is mostly water ice, it makes sense that the 1212 - km - diameter moon once had a subsurface ocean kept liquid by heat from the radioactive decay of elements in its core, as well as by the heat generated from collisions of smaller bits when the moon first accumulated.

KATRIN will study neutrinos, which are less than a millionth the mass of an electron, by sifting through the aftermath of radioactive decays of tritium, an isotope of hydrogen with two neutrons.

Members of a team led by paleoanthropologist Isaiah Nengo estimated the fossil's age by assessing radioactive forms of the element argon in surrounding rock, which decay at a known rate.

Tellingly, there was no sign of iron, an element that forms by radioactive decay only many days after a supernova.

The researchers gauged the age of the rocks by looking at the amount of radioactive potassium inside that had decayed into stable argon.

Go for a morning jog over hilly terrain and the very landscape is likely to be the result of tectonic plate movements, powered deep under our feet in great part by radioactive decays like that of the humble americium writ large.

This layer was kept warm when Charon was young by heat provided by the decay of radioactive elements, as well as Charon's own internal heat of formation.

Antimatter flits into existence in a variety of ways: it is produced by black holes, supernovas, and some types of radioactive decay.

The findings, in the July 28 Nature, suggest that the origin of the 30 trillion to 45 trillion watts of heat produced by the earth's interior is about evenly divided between radioactive decay and leftover heat from the planet's molten formation.

But uranium - lead dating, in which researchers estimate the age of a rock by comparing its concentrations of radioactive uranium and the lead it decays into, tells a different story.

The machines handle the decaying element's radiation better than human miners and can tolerate the radon gas released by the ore; early Navajo miners of uranium in the U.S. — and their families exposed to residual radioactive dust and debris as well as contaminated water — developed lung cancer and other ailments by the 1970s and 1980s.

«Even if our formation wasn't triggered by a supernova, the presence of decay products of certain radioactive elements points to a supernova perhaps seeding the already formed young solar system with enriched elements.»

These measurements may also shed light on the proportion of radioactive elements like uranium and thorium inside the Moon, since their decay produces heat and should increase the amount of heat radiated by the Moon, says Paul Spudis of the Johns Hopkins University Applied Physics Laboratory in Laurel, Maryland, US, who is developing radar instruments to fly on LRO and Chandrayaan - 1.

Unlike the waste from conventional nuclear power plants, which remains radioactive for tens of thousands of years, the by - products of fusion decay within decades.

The clusters of lead atoms formed 1 billion years after crystallization of the zircon, by which time the radioactive decay of uranium had formed the lead atoms that then diffused into clusters during reheating.

Rocks have punctured its wheels, and the output of its decaying radioactive power source has dropped by 15 %.

In a series of papers published online today in Science, researchers report that according to Dawn observations, Vesta did indeed agglomerate enough rocky debris as it grew to heat itself by the decay of the rock's radioactive elements.

By measuring the decay of a radioactive metal locked into the shells and rocks, Osborne's team showed that the buried snails must have incorporated water that flowed from the volcanoes.

The tiny slowing of the two Pioneer spacecraft, known as the Pioneer anomaly and considered by some to challenge general relativity, is probably due to the heat produced by electronics and radioactive decay.

However, calculations by a team of geoscientist (including Nicolas Flament) suggest that Earth was a «water - world» up through year 2.1 billion because Earth's mantle layer may have been up to 200 °C hotter than it is today, when the early Earth still had a larger quantity of radioactive elements decaying and producing heat.

Tully runs a prototype lab in the U.S. Department of Energy's (DOE) Princeton Plasma Physics Laboratory (PPPL) that draws on the fact that neutrinos can be captured by tritium, a radioactive isotope of hydrogen, and provide a tiny boost of energy to the electrons emitted in tritium decay.

These are created by radiation of many kinds, some coming from above, such as cosmic rays, and some from rocks, such as the decay of radioactive minerals.

This is light of extremely short wavelengths typically produced either among the stars / in cosmic rays or by radioactive element decay.

Scientists have long suspected that these elementary particles, which are produced by the decay of radioactive elements, have a unique trait — they can change, or «oscillate,» between their three known types, or «flavors» — the electron neutrino, the muon neutrino and the tau neutrino.

These particles, which are produced by the decay of radioactive elements, have a unique trait — they can change, or «oscillate,» between their three known types, or «flavors» — the electron neutrino, the muon neutrino and the tau neutrino.

Produced by the decay of radioactive elements, these particles rarely, if ever, interact with matter, making them extremely hard to detect and study.

Six years after the discovery of radioactivity (1896) by Henri Becquerel of France, the New Zealand - born British physicist Ernest Rutherford found that three different kinds of radiation are emitted in the decay of radioactive substances; these he called alpha, beta, and gamma rays in sequence of their ability to penetrate matter.

They detected nickel 60, the product of the radioactive decay of iron 60, in chemical compounds where, by rights iron should be found.»

That temperature is maintained by the decay of radioactive particles located within the Earth's core.

Such tests are often performed by injecting a small amount of radioactive material into the blood and tracking its path with cameras that detect radioactive decay.

Radiometric or radioactive dating steps jump to radioactive decay radiometric dating formula example of a radioactive uranium lead dating decay chain from lead - radiometric or radioactive dating steps step in such a chain is characterized by a distinct half - life.

I've heard that one can speed up radioactive decay slightly by compressing the radioactive material, but the best speed - up I've heard of is only one percent, and the compression would probably consume a lot of energy.

Because the energy source is symmetrically distributed throughout the shell wall, at some point the external surface of the shell will reach a temperature such that the rate of energy radiated outward by this surface will be equal to the rate at which radioactive decay energy is generated internal to the shell wall.

Part of this heat is generated by the natural decay of radioactive element in the rocks, and part of the heat is left over from the formation of the Earth five billion years ago — when gravity pulled together bits of gas and dust to form our planet.

What is not clear, however, is how much of this heat is primordial — left over from the formation of the Earth — and how much is generated by radioactive decay.»

The even older dating suggested by Flowers is the result of looking at the radioactive decay of uranium and thorium into helium in the mineral group apatite.

Same for radioactive decay of elements in the earth, and I even calculated the energy released by burning of fossil fuels... in the end, all insignificant.