Sentences with phrase «by using climate models»

In the late 1990s, signs of climate feedback started to be constrained by using climate models along with observations (e.g., Hall and Manabe, 1999).

Then, by using climate models to project future temperatures, the researchers were able to estimate economic growth over the rest of the century if these historical patterns hold true.

By using climate models to simulate what air pollution was like in 1850 and 2000, Jason West at the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill and his colleagues have estimated its effect on current death rates.

But scientists from the Universities of Bristol, Cardiff, and Southampton have gone one stage further, by using a Climate Model to simulate and explore the climate of the world of Game of Thrones.

The latter has significantly better global coverage, and the former must now correct for a decaying satellite orbit by using a climate model.....

Huang is evidently willing to base a judgment on the observed phenomena by using a climate model.

Not exact matches

Former NASA scientist Dr. Roy Spencer says that climate models used by government agencies to create policies «have failed miserably.»

Ribal et al. (2015) describe an optimization model (goal programming), which was used to design meals for school canteens by taking into account nutritional, climate change, and economic aspects.

One group will use the data to improve a climate prediction model by incorporating extreme ice events.

While large - scale climate research models offer a systems view of what the transport sector, for example, could contribute to climate protection in comparison to the energy sector, the study presented in Science, however, examines transport - related issues within the sector by using more recent and more specific data on how people commute and travel.

With this new, aggregate climate map in hand, they turned to a technique used primarily by ecologists and biologists, called species distribution modeling, to identify fire - prone regions of the globe.

The researchers from Wageningen University & Research, Bogor Agricultural University in Indonesia, University of East Anglia and the Center for International Forestry Research analysed the spatially distributed pattern of hydrological drought, that is the drought in groundwater recharge, in Borneo using a simple transient water balance model driven by monthly climate data from the period 1901 - 2015.

The models used by the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change, called Coupled Model Intercomparison Project - 5 (CMIP - 5), are the best physical models of climate change avaClimate Change, called Coupled Model Intercomparison Project - 5 (CMIP - 5), are the best physical models of climate change avaclimate change available.

The study uses a model of China's economy and energy output, called C - GEM, developed by scholars at the Tsinghua - MIT China Energy and Climate Project.

«They are using this information to test state - of - the - art climate models under conditions of high atmospheric carbon dioxide concentrations, similar to those expected by the end of this century.»

Three approaches were used to evaluate the outstanding «carbon budget» (the total amount of CO2 emissions compatible with a given global average warming) for 1.5 °C: re-assessing the evidence provided by complex Earth System Models, new experiments with an intermediate - complexity model, and evaluating the implications of current ranges of uncertainty in climate system properties using a simple model.

Many other studies on black carbon's climate influence have used models that have been used in reports by the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate climate influence have used models that have been used in reports by the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Climate Change.

The model has already been integrated into the next generation of the global land model used for climate simulations by the NOAA Geophysical Fluid Dynamics Laboratory, a major national climate modeling center.

Models used to project conditions on an Earth warmed by climate change especially need to consider how the ocean will move excess heat around, Legg said.

Using statistically modeled maps drawn from satellite data and other sources, U.S. Geological Survey scientists have projected that the near - surface permafrost that presently underlies 38 percent of boreal and arctic Alaska would be reduced by 16 to 24 percent by the end of the 21st century under widely accepted climate scenarios.

In my class on climate change problem solving, I use a 2005 paper by M. H. Zhang et al. that compares modeled clouds with observed ones from 10 climate models.

Pinyon jay: flight to nowhere Johnson and his team used climate models to study the relationship between each target species and the vegetation it uses for food resources, which is affected by shifts in temperature and precipitation.

About 80 percent of the 23 climate models used by the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change predict some degree of drought in the Amazon if greenhouse gas emissions keep climbing, hclimate models used by the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change predict some degree of drought in the Amazon if greenhouse gas emissions keep climbing, hClimate Change predict some degree of drought in the Amazon if greenhouse gas emissions keep climbing, he said.

To assess how future heat waves might affect air travel, researchers used climate models to estimate hour - by - hour temperatures throughout the year at 19 particularly busy airports in the United States, Europe, the Middle East, China, and South Asia for the period between 2060 and 2080.

Bolstered by the success of their retrospective analysis the scientists forecast caribou habitat to the year 2080 using a «business - as - usual» climate model — the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change's A1Bclimate model — the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change's A1BClimate Change's A1B model.

To predict which creatures are in danger of extinction, the teams used computer modeling and information from the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change to compare the way habitats look today with how they may be altered by climate Climate Change to compare the way habitats look today with how they may be altered by climate climate change.

This model is widely used by both UK and international groups for research into ocean circulation, climate and marine ecosystems, and operationally as part of the UK Met Office's weather forecasting.

Using a global climate model, a team led by Princeton University researchers measured how severely heat waves interact with urban heat islands, now and in the future, in 50 American cities across three climate zones.

A DRAM used by a supercomputer doing climate modeling might read or erase data one quintillion (one million trillion) times over the course of three or four years, Williams says.

USGS looked at the likely effects of climate change using two models, one where the temperature rises 2 degrees Fahrenheit by 2099 and the other where it climbs 7 degrees by century's end.

I recently calculated hypothetical future temperatures by plugging different ECS values into a so - called energy balance model, which scientists use to investigate possible climate scenarios.

They used two different climate models, each with a different sensitivity to carbon dioxide, to project California's future under two scenarios: an optimistic one, in which we only double the level of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere — since the 19th century we've already increased it by about a third — and a pessimistic scenario, in which we more than triple CO2.

They did so by adding the extra emissions to an existing model used in the UK government's 2006 Stern Review, designed to assess the economic cost of coping with climate change between now and 2200.

The study establishes a method for estimating UHI intensities using PRISM — Parameter - elevation Relationships on Independent Slopes Model — climate data, an analytical model that creates gridded estimates by incorporating climatic variables (temperature and precipitation), expert knowledge of climatic events (rain shadows, temperature inversions and coastal regimes) and digital elevaModel — climate data, an analytical model that creates gridded estimates by incorporating climatic variables (temperature and precipitation), expert knowledge of climatic events (rain shadows, temperature inversions and coastal regimes) and digital elevamodel that creates gridded estimates by incorporating climatic variables (temperature and precipitation), expert knowledge of climatic events (rain shadows, temperature inversions and coastal regimes) and digital elevation.

If only modest action is taken to reign in greenhouse gas emissions, the model predicts that pikas will disappear from about 75 percent of sites by 2070 (51 to 88 percent, depending on the global climate model used).

New climate models — made by using estimated radiation levels from that time, along with data from the Magellan spacecraft about Venus's current surface — suggest that Venus would have been only 11 °C (52 °F).

The global climate models assessed by the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC), which are used to project global and regional climate change, are coarse resolution models based on a roughly 100 - kilometer or 62 - mile grid, to simulate ocean and atmospheric dyclimate models assessed by the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC), which are used to project global and regional climate change, are coarse resolution models based on a roughly 100 - kilometer or 62 - mile grid, to simulate ocean and atmospheric dyClimate Change (IPCC), which are used to project global and regional climate change, are coarse resolution models based on a roughly 100 - kilometer or 62 - mile grid, to simulate ocean and atmospheric dyclimate change, are coarse resolution models based on a roughly 100 - kilometer or 62 - mile grid, to simulate ocean and atmospheric dynamics.

While his new study makes no use of the huge computer models commonly used by scientists to estimate the magnitude of future climate change, Lovejoy's findings effectively complement those of the International Panel on Climate Change (IPCC), hclimate change, Lovejoy's findings effectively complement those of the International Panel on Climate Change (IPCC), hClimate Change (IPCC), he says.

Using a model he developed, Hamilton found that the initial location of Sputnik Planitia could be explained by Pluto's unusual climate and its spin axis, which is tilted by 120 degrees.

Using 19 climate models, a team of researchers led by Professor Minghua Zhang of the School of Marine and Atmospheric Sciences at Stony Brook University, discovered persistent dry and warm biases of simulated climate over the region of the Southern Great Plain in the central U.S. that was caused by poor modeling of atmospheric convective systems — the vertical transport of heat and moisture in the atmosphere.

«Current climate models are limited by available computing powers even when cutting - edge supercomputers are used,» said Professor Zhang.

Noting that the timing of KD outbreaks in Japan coincides with certain wind patterns from Asia, climate scientist Xavier Rodó, PhD, and colleagues at the Catalan Institution for Research and Advanced Studies and the Catalan Institute of Climate Sciences, both in Barcelona, used computer models to simulate air currents and airborne particle transport for all days since 1977 with high numbers of KD cases in Japan, based on data compiled by Yoshikazu Nakamura, MD, and colleagues at Jichi Medical University inclimate scientist Xavier Rodó, PhD, and colleagues at the Catalan Institution for Research and Advanced Studies and the Catalan Institute of Climate Sciences, both in Barcelona, used computer models to simulate air currents and airborne particle transport for all days since 1977 with high numbers of KD cases in Japan, based on data compiled by Yoshikazu Nakamura, MD, and colleagues at Jichi Medical University inClimate Sciences, both in Barcelona, used computer models to simulate air currents and airborne particle transport for all days since 1977 with high numbers of KD cases in Japan, based on data compiled by Yoshikazu Nakamura, MD, and colleagues at Jichi Medical University in Japan.

Gary Geernaert, director of DOE's Climate and Environmental Sciences Division, states that «it is critical that federal investments to advance climate science for use by both public and private stakeholders must place significant priority on incorporating uncertainty quantification methodologies into modeling framClimate and Environmental Sciences Division, states that «it is critical that federal investments to advance climate science for use by both public and private stakeholders must place significant priority on incorporating uncertainty quantification methodologies into modeling framclimate science for use by both public and private stakeholders must place significant priority on incorporating uncertainty quantification methodologies into modeling frameworks.

The data was analyzed using the ISORROPIA - II thermodynamic chemistry model, which was developed by one of the co-authors and is widely used in air quality and climate modeling worldwide.

The researchers developed a novel approach to the issue by using climate data from the IPCC and directly modeling all of the components that cause flooding at the coast including, waves, tides, winds blowing over the surface of the ocean and estuaries, precipitation, and stream flow.

Then they used the climate models to simulate by how much ocean heat content has risen since the 1970s.

RICE, alongside other models, is used by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency to determine the potential effects of different climate policies.

An interdisciplinary team of researchers led by ETH climate scientist Joeri Rogelj used several models to calculate how the climatic effects of CO2 and SLCF break down and how they relate to each other.

If the tropics were indeed this hot, it would solve a huge problem faced by existing climate models, including those used by the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change climate models, including those used by the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change Climate Change (IPCC).

Using climate models to understand the physical processes that were at play during the glacial periods, the team were able to show that a gradual rise in CO2 strengthened the trade winds across Central America by inducing an El Nino - like warming pattern with stronger warming in the East Pacific than the Western Atlantic.