Sentences with phrase «by volcanism»

It has recently been discovered that our atmosphere is being continuously shed by the solar wind, and replenished by volcanism.

«The surface of Venus is dominated by volcanism and has produced more volcanoes than any other planet in the solar system.»

The problem here is one of balancing; the amount of cooling by volcanism, for example, has to be just right to offset the warming from CO2 during the entire duration of the pause.

«Abrupt Onset of the Little Ice Age Triggered by Volcanism and Sustained by Sea - Ice / Ocean Feedbacks.»

Somewhat simplified, CO2 is emitted by volcanism, then removed by ocean scrubbing of silicates.

A remarkable paper coming in the Jan. 31 issue of Geophysical Research Letters has a title that says it all: «Abrupt onset of the Little Ice Age triggered by volcanism and sustained by sea - ice / ocean feedbacks.»

The southern part (now the Pilis) wasn't affected by volcanism, and further sedimentation took place before the range was lifted up.

Abrupt onset of the Litte Ice Age triggered by volcanism and sustained by sea - ice / ocean feedbacks.

Messenger's new maps fill in most of the gaps and show that about 40 percent of the landscape has been shaped by volcanism, indicating widespread geologic activity in Mercury's past.

Once formed by either serpentinization or microbes, methane could be stored as a stable clathrate hydrate — a chemical structure that traps methane molecules like animals in a cage — for later release to the atmosphere, perhaps by gradual outgassing through cracks and fissures or by episodic bursts triggered by volcanism.

Colonisation routes, habitat shifts, disruption of populations by volcanism, dispersal by massive landslides, and other relevant aspects for adaptive and non-adaptive radiation, are largely discussed and confronted with previously published data referring to other groups of beetles or to other biological organisms (spiders, bush crickets, plants, etc.).

Here, Apollo 16 moonwalker John Young is collecting samples that would prove that these lunar highlands were shaped more by meteorites than by volcanism.

Not exact matches

Suzanne Smrekar of NASA's Jet Propulsion Laboratory in Pasadena, California, and colleagues found signs of relatively recent volcanism by measuring the infrared «glow» of solidified lava in three regions in its southern hemisphere.

However, with time, volcanism seems to have been fed by magma coming from deeper levels within Earth.

Auroras are caused by streams of charged particles like electrons that come from various origins such as solar winds, the planetary ionosphere, and moon volcanism.

This seething volcanism is thought to be caused by the massive tides wrought by nearby Jupiter: The push and pull heats and liquefies the mantle of little Io, no bigger than Earth's moon.

Because fast - spreading centers discharge more magma, lava sometimes fills valleys, overprinting the grooves left by previous lulls in volcanism during interglacial periods.

«We therefore have proof that the species disappeared during an ice age caused by the activity of the first volcanism in the Siberian Traps,» added Urs Schaltegger.

The reason for the sudden, explosive growth of the microbes, new evidence shows, may have been their novel ability to use a rich source of organic carbon, aided by a sudden influx of a nutrient required for their growth: the element nickel, emitted by massive volcanism at just that time.

Indeed, a study in 2006 suggested that Mars may have gone through an acidic phase, triggered by active volcanism, after an early period in which it had a denser atmosphere and large bodies of neutral - pH water on its surface.

Many scientists believe the extinction was caused by an asteroid impact; some think regional volcanism was to blame, and others suspect it was due to a combination of the two.

«We find that the end - Cretaceous mass extinction was caused by a combination of the volcanism and meteorite impact, delivering a theoretical «one - two punch,»» said Petersen, first author of a paper scheduled for online publication July 5 in the journal Nature Communications.

The «press» of gradual climatic change due to Deccan Traps volcanism was followed by the instantaneous, catastrophic «pulse» of the impact.

While most of the activity they've seen has been linked to the more than 160 volcanoes previously identified by camera - laden probes either orbiting or whizzing past Jupiter, the telescopes have identified volcanism in one region that had never experienced it before, the team reports today at a meeting of the American Astronomical Society's Division for Planetary Sciences in Reno, Nevada.

In August 2016, Ranjan gave a talk at Cambridge University about volcanism on Mars and the types of gases that would have been emitted by such eruptions in the red planet's oxygenless atmosphere.

To do so, he started with a volcanism model developed previously by Sara Seager, MIT's Class of 1941 Professor of Planetary Sciences, and her former graduate student Renyu Hu.

«This is the strongest evidence from fossils that the main driver of this extinction event was the after - effects of a huge asteroid impact, rather than a slower decline caused by natural changes to the climate or by severe volcanism stressing global environments.»

Volcanism, Misra said, may help distinguish between oxygen that is produced by life or other planetary processes by helping astronomers better understand the planet's environment.

Since most craters are round, some believed that this formation could not have resulted from an impact and must have been caused by widespread volcanism.

The variability of the methane suggests that the gas may be spewed by an ongoing geologic process like volcanism, or possibly through the metabolic activity of microbes.

While the Earth loses most of its heat through plate recycling (the formation and subduction of new crust inherent in plate tectonics), Venus probably loses its internal heat by surface volcanism and by conduction through its crust.

Not a single impact crater is to be seen in this region, so the surface must be very young — reshaped by some sort of geological activity such as faulting or icy volcanism.

The amout of CO2 we release into the atmosphere everyday is just a small percent of the overall CO2 released by the earth its self in several forms, volcanism being the most readily visable form.

In the study entitled «The effect of giant lateral collapses on magma pathways and the location of volcanism,» authored by F. Maccaferri, N. Richter and T. Walter, all working at GFZ, in section 2.1 (Physics of earthquakes and volcanoes), the propagation path of magmatic intrusions underneath a volcanic edifice has been simulated by means of a mathematical model.

Giant lateral collapses may change the style of volcanism and the chemistry of magma, and as a new study by GFZ scientists reveals, also affects and diverges the deep paths of magmas.

However, thickness alone doesn't prove that crust is continental, as oceanic crust can be thickened by processes such as underwater volcanism.

«By comparing the measured craters to the number and spatial distribution of large impact basins on Mercury, we found that they started to accumulate at about the same time, suggesting that the resetting of Mercury's surface was global and likely due to volcanism,» said lead author Dr. Simone Marchi, who has a joint appointment between two of NASA's Lunar Science Institutes, one at the SwRI in Boulder and another at the Lunar and Planetary Institute in Houston.

The study, «Global Resurfacing of Mercury 4.0 - 4.1 Billion Years Ago by Heavy Bombardment and Volcanism» by Marchi, Chapman, Caleb I. Fassett, James W. Head, William F. Bottke and Robert G. Strom, is in the July 4 issue of the journal Nature.

Once produced, methane could have been stored as a stable clathrate hydrate and released to the atmosphere either gradually, through volcanism, or in bursts, triggered by impacts.

We now have the best evidence yet that an enormous wave of volcanism, caused by several continents crashing together to form the even greater landmass known as Gondwana, was the reason for a sharp rise in global temperature.

Results from climate models driven by estimated radiative forcings for the 20th century (Chapter 9) suggest that there was little change prior to about 1915, and that a substantial fraction of the early 20th - century change was contributed by naturally occurring influences including solar radiation changes, volcanism and natural variability.

volcanism The processes by which volcanoes form and change over time.

«We can conceive of no sample type that would be more important to return to Earth than these volcanic glass samples ejected by explosive volcanism, which have been mapped not only on the moon but throughout the inner solar system.»

Mortimer et al. (2017b) discuss new Ar / Ar and limited U — Pb ages and geochemistry (both trace element and Nd isotopic analyses) of widespread volcanism on the northern part of the Zealandia continent by using dredged samples obtained in different cruises and integrated with their earlier findings on the southern Zealandia in an attempt to give a more updated picture of magmatism across the whole Zealandia continent.

This process is accompanied by surface manifestations along the rift valley in the form of volcanism and seismic activity.

To do so, he started with a volcanism model developed previously by Sara Seager, MIT's Class of 1941 Professor of Planetary Sciences and a member of MKI, and her former graduate student Renyu Hu.

The authors suggest that impacts and volcanism are behind the distribution of the clay exposures that can be observed by orbiting spacecraft.

If the rockfall was caused by seismic activity, such as a marsquake, it could support views that Martian tectonics and volcanism are still active at the planet, Mustard added.

Volcanism plutonism by NINA DAEP 2882 views.

The island's volcanism is associated with the rifting along the Azores Triple Junction; the spread of the crust along the existing faults and fractures has produced many of the active volcanic and seismic events, [22] while supported by buoyant upwelling in the deeper mantle, some associate with an Azores hotspot.