For lovers of elegant Neo-classicism, there were incisive portraits by Ingres from the
eighteenth century and early nude studies by Degas from the nineteenth
century, plus for dessert, a gorgeous, urgently scribbled Seurat of a silhouetted colt,
c. 1882 — 1883.
With the vogue for Western science (rangaku, literally «Dutch studies») in the
eighteenth century came a renewed, though marginal, artistic practice influenced by Western methods and media that lasted into the early nineteenth
century; Western influence can also be seen in nineteenth -
century prints by such artists as Katsushika Hokusai (
c. 1760 — 1849).