Sentences with phrase «calcifying ocean»

It has been suggested that since they calcify ocean acidification due to increasing carbon dioxide could severely affect coccolithophores.

Not exact matches

In an unprecedented evolution experiment scientists from GEOMAR Helmholtz Centre for Ocean Research Kiel and the Thünen Institute of Sea Fisheries have demonstrated for the first time, that the single most important calcifying algae of the world's oceans, Emiliania huxleyi, can adapt simultaneously to ocean acidification and rising water temperatOcean Research Kiel and the Thünen Institute of Sea Fisheries have demonstrated for the first time, that the single most important calcifying algae of the world's oceans, Emiliania huxleyi, can adapt simultaneously to ocean acidification and rising water temperatocean acidification and rising water temperatures.

Unicellular calcifying algae such as Emiliania huxleyi play an important role in the transport of carbon to the deep ocean.

The single most important calcifying algae of the world's oceans is able to simultaneously adapt to rising water temperatures and ocean acidification through evolution.

The authors said the study underlines the increasing vulnerability of calcified animals to ocean acidification, which occurs as the ocean absorbs more atmospheric carbon emitted through the burning of fossil fuels.

During the Ediacarans» latter days, the first tiny organisms with calcified shells began to populate the oceans.

This process, termed ocean acidification, makes it energetically more costly for calcifying organisms to form their calcareous shells and skeletons.

The ocean floor is richly abundant in tiny fossils of the calcified algae species Emiliania huxleyi.

«Ocean acidification: The limits of adaptation: World's longest laboratory experiment with the single - celled calcifying alga Emiliania huxleyi reveals that evolutionary adaptation to acidification is restricted.»

In an unprecedented evolutionary experiment, scientists from GEOMAR Helmholtz Centre for Ocean Research Kiel and the Thünen Institute of Fisheries Ecology demonstrated that the most important single - celled calcifying alga of world's oceans, Emiliania huxleyi, is only able to adapt to ocean acidification to a certain exOcean Research Kiel and the Thünen Institute of Fisheries Ecology demonstrated that the most important single - celled calcifying alga of world's oceans, Emiliania huxleyi, is only able to adapt to ocean acidification to a certain exocean acidification to a certain extent.

The continued reduction in the extent of sea ice in the Arctic is expected to lead to increased photosynthetic primary production and POC flux there (Jones et al., 2014), which could benefit fauna whose energetic demands increase as a result of ocean acidification (e.g., calcifying taxa).

The calcifying alga Emiliania huxleyi produces a considerable amount of biomass and calcium carbonate, supports the ocean's function as a carbon dioxide sink and releases a climate - cooling gas.

«There have been a lot of studies showing that under ocean acidification scenarios that corals and other organisms on the reef calcify at a slower rate,» Kline says.

One of the striking findings from laboratory experiments was that calcifying algae, which first suffer particularly in terms of growth and carbonate production from ocean acidification, can partly restore their functioning via evolution.

«Organisms that calcify will have more and more trouble calcifying,» says Jorge Sarmiento, who studies ocean changes at Princeton University.

You can have a differential impact on biology and chemistry, so if you really want to assess what will be the status of calcifying organisms in 2100 there is one part, the chemistry, for which the organisms have no control but for the biology they can perhaps adapt and there might be a way for the organisms to mitigate the negative impacts of ocean acidification.

Orr, J.C. et al. (2005) Anthropogenic ocean acidification over the twenty - first century and its impact on calcifying organisms.

Since you state that a decrease in net calcification could result from a decrease in gross calcification, an increase in dissolution rates, or both, you distinguish between these responses and get to the conclusion that the impact of ocean acidification on a creature's net calcification may be largely controlled by the status of its protective organic cover and that the net slowdown in skeletal growth under increased CO2 occurs not because these organisms are unable to calcify, but rather because their unprotected skeleton is dissolving faster.

Increasing ocean acidification can have negative effects on calcifying marine organisms.

Scientists of the Helmholtz Centre for Ocean Research Kiel (GEOMAR) conducted a one year CO2 selection experiment using the calcifying microalgae Emiliania huxleyi and uncovered an enormous potential for adaptation to rapidly changing environments in this important phytoplankton species.

After 500 generations under controlled CO2 conditions adapted cultures grew and calcified significantly better compared non-adapted control cultures when tested under ocean acidification conditions.

We analysed responses of the calcifying larvae of sea urchins, an ecologically important group, to ocean change stressors in a synthesis of data from species from tropical to polar environments and from intertidal to subtidal habitats.

However, the lack of a clear understanding of the mechanisms of calcification and its metabolic or structural function means that it is difficult, at present, to reliably predict the full consequences of CO2 - induced ocean acidification on the physiological and ecological fitness of calcifying organisms.

Orr, J.C. et al. (2005) Anthropogenic ocean acidification over the twenty - first century and its impact on calcifying organisms.

«Southern Ocean acidification via anthropogenic CO2 uptake is expected to be detrimental to multiple calcifying plankton species by lowering the concentration of carbonate ion (CO32 − to levels where calcium carbonate (both aragonite and calcite) shells begin to dissolve.

This, of course, causes ocean acidification and ocean warming, which are progressing especially rapidly in the North Pacific and Arctic oceans and threatening the survival of many calcifying marine organisms, including cold - water corals (and the plankton they eat).

Ocean acidification not only affects species producing calcified exoskeletons.

Orr, J. C. et al., 2005: Anthropogenic ocean acidification over the twenty - first century and its impact on calcifying organisms.

Depends on what scenerio is used — and on the rate of dissolution of calcifying organisms as they sink to the ocean floor.

for article Anthropogenic ocean acidification over the twenty - first century and its impact on calcifying organisms.

Orr, James C., Victoria J. Fabry, Olivier Aumont, et al. (2005): Anthropogenic ocean acidification over the twenty - first century and its impact on calcifying organisms.

«Since the publication of two reports in 2005 — 2006 [1], [2], the drive to forecast the effects of anthropogenic ocean acidification (OA) on marine ecosystems and their resident calcifying marine organisms has resulted in a growing body of research.

Ocean acidification due to anthropogenic CO2 emissions is a dominant driver of long - term changes in pH in the open ocean, raising concern for the future of calcifying organisms, many of which are present in coastal habiOcean acidification due to anthropogenic CO2 emissions is a dominant driver of long - term changes in pH in the open ocean, raising concern for the future of calcifying organisms, many of which are present in coastal habiocean, raising concern for the future of calcifying organisms, many of which are present in coastal habitats.

Anthropogenic ocean acidification over the twenty - first century and its impact on calcifying organisms

A recent meta - analysis indicated a significant negative effect of ocean acidification on calcifying and non-calcifying echinoderm larvae (n = 26 studies)[63].

Reduced larval calcification in near - future ocean acidification conditions is also evident for the calcifying larvae of molluscs [87,88].

Predictions concerning the consequences of the oceanic uptake of increasing atmospheric carbon dioxide (CO2) have been primarily occupied with the effects of ocean acidification on calcifying organisms, particularly those critical to the formation of habitats (e.g. coral reefs) or their maintenance (e.g. grazing echinoderms).