Sentences with phrase «calcium ions»
Calcium ions are tiny, electrically charged particles that are formed when calcium atoms lose or gain electrons. They play a vital role in many important functions in our bodies, such as muscle contractions, nervous system communication, and bone health. Full definition
The nerve cell's activity was measured via concentration of calcium ion in the cell, and the team analyzed the changes in calcium concentration using a mathematical model.
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These events are directed by specialized proteins called ion channels that allow the flow of calcium ions in and out of cells and among cell compartments.
Using near - infrared light, researchers have shown they can selectively activate an immune response by controlling the flow of calcium ions into the cell.
For example, when a nerve impulse stimulates a muscle fiber to contract, calcium channels in the cell membrane open to allow calcium ions into the muscle cell.
But these channels are now so defective that they start letting in positively charged calcium ions.
For years, scientists have been unsure how calcium ion channels function.
To better understand these processes, in which calcium ions interact with biological molecules such as proteins, researchers often use computer simulations.
Previous research had determined that calcium ions play a key role in wound response.
Results showed a significantly decreased calcium ion response from the nerve cells from subjects with bipolar disorder.
Without calcium ions, you couldn't move a muscle.
The red line reflects the amount of calcium ions added.
Having the right concentrations of sodium and calcium ions in cells enables healthy brain communication, heart contraction and many other processes.
A key stage in the molecular cascade of memory formation appears to be the opening of membrane channels through which calcium ions flow.
«This activation mechanism is unique, since the bound calcium ions directly change the structure and electrostatics of the ion permeation pore,» explains Cristina Paulino, lead author of the study.
Measurements of the time development of the amount of free calcium ions for five pH levels within an interval from 9.00 to 10.0 show good reproducibility (fig.
Such electrical currents activate the cell and are carried by calcium ions entering the cell.
«Bacterial and host cell proteins interact to regulate Chlamydia's «exit strategy»: New research suggests major role for calcium ion signaling in release of Chlamydia from infected cells.»
Continuous measurement and imaging of the intracellular free calcium ion concentration -LRB-[Ca2 +] i) of mitotic and interphase PtK1 cells was accomplished with the new fluorescent Ca2 + indicator fura - 2.
STIM1 helps regulate calcium ion signaling.
Calcium ions also allow neurons to signal one another, which ties in to the gut - brain - skin axis.
This amino acid also allows the arteries to relax by regulating calcium ions, further supporting a healthy heart function34.
The researchers discovered T - type channels in the pond snail, Lymnaea stagnalis, can shift from using calcium ions to using sodium ions to generate the electrical signal.
Since calcium ions spike when neurons fire a signal, Yuste and Dupre were able to relate behaviour to activity in glowing circuits of neurons.
Calcium imaging takes advantage of the fact that calcium ions enter neurons upon neural activation.
The addition of very small quantities of calcium ions increases the viscosity considerably.
When elevating calcium ion concentration directly at the presynaptic terminal with the use of caged calcium, cleavage of SNAP - 25 by botulinum toxin A (BoNT / A) produced a strong reduction in the calcium sensitivity for release, whereas cleavage of syntaxin using BoNT / C1 and synaptobrevin using tetanus toxin (TeNT) produced an all - or - nothing block without changing the kinetics of remaining vesicles.
When calcium ions are released, this causes the sarcomeres to contract.
This leads to a large increase in the amount of a special calcium ion channel in the nerve cells and overall, this significantly boosts the risk of epileptic seizures.
In the prenucleation stage, further added calcium ions are consumed by the increasing activity of clusters.
Basically, this is the reason for the linear increase in free calcium ions during the prenucleation stage in contrast to the postnucleation stage (Fig. 1A).
Huge amounts of carbon dioxide are retained as carbonate ions, and calcium ions represent a major contribution to water hardness.
The team realized that controlling crystallization by attracting calcium ions to the macromolecules was not the way researchers had long thought it happened.
Among the most interesting ones identified were those associated with 1) the large category of transport, and the more specific categories of carbohydrate transport and cation: amino acid symport; 2) several related to calcium, including calcium ion binding, calmodulin binding, and voltage gated calcium channel activity; 3) DNA damage response and signal transduction; 4) response to oxidative stress; and 5) oxygen and reactive oxygen species metabolism.
Proteins and carbohydrates may instigate crystallization by acting like a sponge to capture calcium ions
Calcium ions travel from cell to cell as messengers.
A tetramer of two regulatory domains forms a gating ring that regulates calcium ion activation.
Since calcium ions rise in concentration when neurons are active and fire a signal, Yuste and Dupre were able to relate behaviour to activity in glowing circuits of neurons.
This stretching can activate calcium ion channels, causing a neuron to fire, or can signal the body's repair mechanisms to crank into overdrive.
After chemists at Livermore produced a rare isotope of the element americium, they shipped it to their Russian colleagues, who beamed calcium ions at it with the accelerator.
Eventually calcium ions released from sea - bottom sediments will allow the sea to mop up the remaining excess over the next 20, 000 years or so.»
After entering axons through activated TRPV4 channels, calcium ions appear to disrupt the microtubule cytoskeleton by inhibiting a microtubule - stabilizing protein called STOP.
A trio of electrons, the building blocks of classical computers, were entangled in a semiconductor in 2003, and the first quantum calculation was made with a single calcium ion in 2002.
Calcium ions enable cells to communicate with one another, allowing neurons to interact, muscles to contract, and the heart's muscle cells to synchronize and beat.
Since calcium ions usually enter a cell through NMDA receptors only when a cell is already firing, the atypical AMPA receptors, by allowing calcium to enter the cell, disrupted the entire biochemical process of learning and memory in the primitive areas of the brain that are part of the very seat of motivation itself.
Atypical receptors appeared on the surfaces of neurons and allowed calcium ions inside the cells.
Calcium ions then travel through the channel, switching on a synthetic piece of DNA the scientists developed to turn on the production of a downstream gene, which in this study was the insulin gene.
SOCE is a process by which Calcium ions slowly enter cells to refill Calcium stores that have been depleted by various activities.
The dotted red line represents 100 % binding of dosed calcium ions.
Once a critical point is reached, nucleation occurs and the amount of free calcium ions drops to a value that corresponds to the particular solubility concentration of the precipitated phase according to a typical LaMer diagram (25).
Calcium ions rapidly stream into the presynaptic terminal and the calcium concentration in the presynaptic terminal rises.